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# Sumerian: Debate between Hoe & Plough

🏷 Sumerian text interlinear · text — by Gerry · Nov 2024 · 13731 words

The Debate between Hoe and Plough is a Sumerian disputation, where Hoe & Plough argue about who’s more important. As usual, it’s an encrypted story about ruling through deception vs brutality: Hoe puns with “secret” agent, standing for monitoring & influencing the subjects with government moles. Plough puns with “guard”, standing for crushing & breaking the subjects with government goons. In the corrupt aristocracy’s twisted minds, those were always the only 2 options.

## Introduction

The debate between Hoe & Plough is another pun-encrypted Sumerian disputation from the 3rd millennium BC, just like Sheep & Grain, which discusses ruling by force versus ruling by deception. Hoe & Plough is a more concrete variation: It’s a discussion about ruling with goons versus ruling with spies, with many detailed examples from the everyday work of these two kinds of henchmen. Both are not used by the rulers against any foreign power, but needed to oppress the subjects, to squeeze taxes out of them, and to suppress rebellions.

These are the main puns:

- Hoe is written as 𒀠 al, which puns with 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha for “Secret”, which is also written with the same sign. From the context it’s clear that this is some abbreviation for “Secret Agent”, i.e. a government mole who spies on the subjects. He stands for controlling the subjects with spying & shilling.
- Plough is written as 𒀳 apin, which has the alternate reading uru₄. This puns with 𒌶 uru₃ for “Guard”, i.e. an armed government goon. He stands for controlling the subjects with brutal force.
- Generally, Hoe’s work is described as dirty & murky, but more ubiquitous & versatile, especially for damming up crisis areas, and rooting out weeds. This easily translates into government moles having to work among the dirty poor, damming up revolts with their propaganda, and helping to root out rebels as snitches.
- Plough is described as more mighty, and his prestigous work as enabling a good harvest for the poor, even for widows & orphans. There’s also a scene though where he is discarded after having his teeth broken on the job. This easily translates into government goons bullying the subjects with military might, and squeezing the harvest from the poor, even from widows & orphans. While occasionally having their teeth bashed in by the oppressed farmers. Like both goons & spies would deserve it all the time.

Overall, this text is more proof that even in the very first civilizations, the aristocracy had already devolved into ultra-corrupt scum, only ever considering violence & deception for their rulership, and never for a moment benevolence & honesty.

### References

The cuneiform glyph codes and official translations were taken from these websites:

- Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature 1 (glyph codes, word roots, translation)
- Electronic Text Corpus of Sumerian Literature 2 (alternate layout)
- Communio Templorum (rendered glyphs, word roots on top)

(Note: Several versions of the text were unearthed, and some have a few additional lines. Some websites count those in their line numbering, and some don’t. I use the Oxford ETSL numbering here.)

### How to read this

- In the interlinear word-by-word translation, each word is shown as a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks.
- Use the Pun Config to choose your level: Minimal for secret meaning only, Beginner for secret & official English texts, Intermediate for word-by-word vocabulary, Expert for original text & glyphs.
- Possible pun-encrypted meaning is marked with light red.
- Official meaning is marked with light green.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs. All vocabulary is linked to online dictionaries.
- Please read the introduction, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- Religious readers should proceed with care.

## Secret Agent’s arguments 1

### Secret Agents feign to be poor subjects, to betray their secrets.

#### Hoe & Plough 1

> Encrypted: Hey, Secret Agent, Secret Agent, Secret Agent! With intelligent cunning supervising. Secret Agent, made of pure decoration, with a performance embellished. Secret Agent, made of deception, with a performance of smoke screens. Secret Agent, with a performance as a double, with a performance as an image.

> Official: Hey, Hoe, Hoe, Hoe! With sinews bound together. Hoe, made of poplar, with a tooth of cornel. Hoe, made of tamarisk, with a tooth of olive wood. Hoe, with teeth two, with teeth four.

> Hey,
> 𒂊 e: vocative interjection
> 𒂊 e
> 𒂊 e: vocative interjection
> Hey,
> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> Secret [Agent]!
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe!
> [With] intelligent [cunning]
> 𒊓 sa: advice, counsel, intelligence
> 𒊓 sa
> 𒊓 sa: sinew, tendon, net, bundle
> [With] sinews
> supervising.
> 𒇲 la₂: supervise, check, show, display
> 𒇲𒂊 la₂.e
> 𒇲 la₂: hang, bind, binding
> bound [together].
> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [made of pure?] decoration,
> 𒂰 asila: joy, decorative fancy work
> 𒄑𒀀‍𒀵‍𒃮‍𒇺𒂊 {geš}asal₂.e
> 𒀀𒌅𒃮𒇺 asal₂: poplar
> [made of?] poplar,
> [with] a performance
> 𒅗 dug₄: perform; 𒅗 sumur×ka: protection, plaster
> 𒅗 zu₂
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth, blade of the hoe
> [with] a tooth
> embellished [??].
> 𒊩𒉈 mi₂.ne: embellish
> 𒄑𒈠𒉡𒂊 {geš}ma.nu.e
> 𒈠𒉡 ma.nu: willow, cornel wood
> of cornel [??].
> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [made of] deception,
> 𒀀𒊭𒀭𒂵 a.ša.an.ga: deception
> 𒄑𒋒𒂊 {geš}šinig.e
> 𒋒 šinig: tamarisk
> [made of] tamarisk,
> [with] a performance
> 𒅗 dug₄: perform; 𒅗 sumur×ka: protection, plaster
> 𒅗 zu₂
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth, blade of the hoe
> [with] a tooth
> of smoke [screens??].
> 𒅁 ibbi: smoke
> 𒄑𒀊𒁀𒆤 {geš}.ab.ba.ke₄
> 𒄑𒀊𒁀 geš.ab.ba: a tree, Russian Olive
> of olive wood [??].
> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [with] a performance
> 𒅗 dug₄: perform; 𒅗 sumur×ka: protection, plaster
> 𒅗 zu₂
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth, blade of the hoe
> [with] teeth
> [as a] double,
> 𒌋𒌋 šuš.šuš: cover, envelop, surface; 𒌋𒌋 puzur₂: secret
> 𒈫𒂊 min.e
> 𒈫 min: two, double; 𒌋𒌋 min₃: two, double
> two,
> [with] a performance
> 𒅗 dug₄: perform; 𒅗 sumur×ka: protection, plaster
> 𒅗 zu₂
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth, blade of the hoe
> [with] teeth
> [as an] image.
> 𒀀𒇴 a.lam: figurine, form, image
> 𒐉𒂊 limmu₅.e
> 𒐉 limmu₅: four; 𒐼 limmu: four; 𒇹 limmu₂: four
> four.

> Hoe & Plough 1

#### Hoe & Plough 5

> Encrypted: Secret Agent, turned into one of the poor. The one that of all secrets will deprive them.

> Official: Hoe, child of the poor. The one that of even a rag is deprived.

> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> turned into
> 𒌉 tur: enter, turn into, become
> 𒌉 dumu
> 𒌉 dumu: child
> child
> [one] of the poor.
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor
> 𒇳‍𒁺𒊏 ukur₃.ra
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor
> of the poor.
> The one [??]
> 𒊮 ša₃: the one of
> 𒊮 šag₄
> 𒊮 ša₃: the one of
> The one [??]
> [that of all?] secrets
> 𒃻 nig₂: thing; 𒅁 uraš: secret
> 𒌆𒃻𒅁 {tug₂}nig₂.dara₂
> 𒃻 nig₂: thing; 𒅁 dara₂: sash, girdle, loincloth
> [that of even?] a rag
> will deprive [them?].
> 𒋼𒀀 kar: remove, take away, deprive
> 𒋼‍𒀀𒉘 kar.re
> 𒋼𒀀 kar: remove, take away, deprive
> is deprived.

> Hoe & Plough 5

#### Hoe & Plough 6

> Encrypted: The Secret Agent with the Official Guard started a quarrel. So carried and laid the Secret Agent onto the Guard the dispute.

> Official: The Hoe with the Seed Plough started a quarrel. So carried and laid the Hoe onto the Plough the dispute.

> The Secret [Agent]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> The Hoe
> [with] the [Official] Guard
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒈾 {geš}apin.na
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> [with] the [Seed] Plough
> [started] a quarrel.
> 𒈌 du₁₄: strife, discord, quarrel
> 𒈌 du₁₄
> 𒈌 du₁₄: strife, discord, quarrel
> [started] a quarrel.
> [So] carried
> 𒂵𒈾 ga.na: carry, bring
> 𒂵𒈾 ga.na
> 𒂵𒈾 ga.na: carry, bring
> [So] carried
> and laid
> 𒃻 gar: place on, lay down
> 𒉆𒈪𒃻 nam.mi.gar
> 𒃻 gar: place on, lay down
> and laid
> the Secret [Agent]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> the Hoe
> [onto] the Guard
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒈾 {geš}apin.na
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> [onto] the Plough
> the dispute.
> 𒀀𒁕𒌋𒌋 a.da.min₃: contest, dispute
> 𒀀𒁕𒎙 a.da.min₃
> 𒀀𒁕𒌋𒌋 a.da.min₃: contest, dispute
> the dispute.

> Hoe & Plough 6

### Guards cannot stop people’s anger, or win their support.

#### Hoe & Plough 8

> Encrypted: Said the Secret Agent to the Guard, addressing him:

> Official: Said the Hoe to the Plough, addressing him:

> Said
> 𒅗 dug₄: say
> 𒅗𒂵 dug₄.ga
> 𒅗 dug₄: say
> Said
> the Secret [Agent]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> the Hoe
> [to] the Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒈾 {geš}apin.na
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> [to] the Plough,
> addressing [him]:
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> 𒅗𒀀‍𒀭𒈠𒌤𒂊 gu₃.am₃.ma.de₂.e
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> addressing [him]:

> Hoe & Plough 8

#### Hoe & Plough 9

> Encrypted: Guard, you drag along the people, but your dragging, what is it to me? You restrain the people, but your restraining, what is it to me?

> Official: Plough, you drag the earth, but your dragging, what is it to me? You break clods, but your clod-breaking, what is it to me?

> Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> Plough,
> you drag [along the people?],
> 𒁍 gid₂: drag, haul (earth)
> 𒉌𒁍𒉈𒂗 i₃.gid₂.de₃.en
> 𒁍 gid₂: drag, haul (earth)
> you drag [the earth],
> [but] your dragging,
> 𒁍 gid₂: lengthen, drag, haul (earth); 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒁍𒁕𒍪 gid₂.da.zu
> 𒁍 gid₂: lengthen, drag, haul (earth); 𒍪 zu: your
> [but] your dragging,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?
> You restrain [the people?],
> 𒆸 gur₄: curb, restrain
> 𒉌𒆸𒁉𒂗 i₃.lagab.be₂.en
> 𒆸 lagab: break into clods
> You break clods,
> [but] your restraining,
> 𒆸 gur₄: curb, restrain; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒆸𒁀𒍪 lagab.ba.zu
> 𒆸 lagab: break into clods; 𒍪 zu: your
> [but] your clod-breaking,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?

> Hoe & Plough 9

#### Hoe & Plough 11

> Encrypted: If the workers are really raging, you can not stop them. The servants, their actual support you can not provide it.

> Official: If water overflows, you can not stop it. The earth, a basket you can not fill with it.

> [If] the workers
> 𒀀 a: strength, power, arm, work
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> [If] water
> are [really] raging,
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: raise, rave, rage
> 𒅇𒁀𒉌𒅁𒌓‍𒁺 u₃.ba.ni.ib.e₃
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: come out, emerge, surpass
> overflows,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> stop [them].
> 𒁁 uš₂: kill; 𒁁 til: finish off, bring to an end; 𒌀 til: end
> 𒈬𒂊𒁕𒀭𒍗𒂗 mu.e.da.an.uš₂.en
> 𒁁 uš₂: kill; 𒁁 til: finish off, bring to an end; 𒌀 til: end
> stop [it].
> The servants [??],
> 𒅖 sahar: servant
> 𒅖 sahar
> 𒅖 sahar: earth
> The earth,
> their [actual] support [??]
> 𒅍 il: raise, carry, support
> 𒄑𒅍𒂊 {geš}dupsik.e
> 𒅍 dupsik: basket (for carrying earth and bricks)
> a basket
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> provide [it].
> 𒋛 sig₉: flatten, provide with
> 𒈬𒂊𒁕𒀭𒋛𒋛 mu.e.da.an.si.si
> 𒋛 si: fill
> fill [with it].

> Hoe & Plough 11

### Guards cannot plant propaganda & rumors.

#### Hoe & Plough 13

> Encrypted: Language, you can not spread it. A voice, you can not plant it. The leading of the workers, you can not supply it.

> Official: Clay, you can not spread it. Bricks, you can not erect them. The foundation of a place, you can not lay it down.

> Language,
> 𒅎 im: tongue, language
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> Clay,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> spread [it].
> 𒁈 barag: spread out
> 𒁈𒂊𒂗 barag.e.en
> 𒁈 barag: spread out
> spread [it].
> A voice,
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂: voice, cry, noise
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂: brick
> Bricks,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> plant [it].
> 𒆕 du₃: plant, make, fix
> 𒆕𒂊𒂗 du₃.e.en
> 𒆕 du₃: build, erect
> erect [them].
> The leading
> 𒍑 us₂: lead, follow, lean on
> 𒍑 uš
> 𒍑 uš: foundation
> The foundation
> of the workers,
> 𒆠 ki: work, lower, down below, second rank
> 𒆠 ki
> 𒆠 ki: place, land
> of a place,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> supply [it].
> 𒃻 gar: supply, replace
> 𒂷𒂷𒀭 ga₂.ga₂.an
> 𒃻 gar: put, place, lay down
> lay [it] down.

> Hoe & Plough 13

### Guards cannot replace a ruler’s rotten image with lies.

#### Hoe & Plough 14

> Encrypted: An appearance to come forward, you can not build it. A public shape that has become rotten, its foundation you can not strengthen it to be followed again.

> Official: A house, you can not build it. A wall that has become rotten, its foundation you can not strengthen it to be leaned on again.

> [An appearance???] to come forward,
> 𒂍 e₂: come out, come forward, emerge
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house, estate
> A house,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> build [it].
> 𒆕 du₃: plant, make, fix
> 𒆕𒆕𒂗 du₃.du₃.en
> 𒆕 du₃: build, erect
> build [it].
> A [public] shape
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈: form, shape
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈: wall
> A wall
> that [has become] rotten,
> 𒌀 sumun: old, rot
> 𒌀𒈾 sumun.na
> 𒌀 sumun: old, rot
> that [has become] rotten,
> its foundation
> 𒌫 ur₂: root
> 𒌫𒁉 ur₂.bi
> 𒌫 ur₂: root
> its foundation
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> [strengthen it?] to be followed [again?].
> 𒍑 us₂: impose, lead, follow
> 𒍑𒂗 us₂.en
> 𒍑 us₂: border on, lean on, prepare
> [strengthen it?] to be leaned on [again?].

> Hoe & Plough 14

#### Hoe & Plough 16

> Encrypted: The secrets of the ruler true his household, you can not replace them with something else. Guard, the praise & propaganda, to be wide spoken in the town’s square, you can not make it square with people’s perception.

> Official: The roof of a man who is good his house, you can not lay it down. Plough, the streets wide in the town’s square, you can not make them square.

> The secrets
> 𒀉𒃡 a₂.ur₃: secret
> 𒃡 ur₃
> 𒃡 ur₃: roof
> The roof
> of the ruler
> 𒇽 lu₂: ruler
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: man, person
> of a man
> true
> 𒍣 zid: right, true
> 𒍣𒁕𒆤 zid.da.ke₄
> 𒍣 zid: loyal; 𒍣 zi: good
> who is good
> [his] household,
> 𒂍 e₂: house, household
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house, household
> [his] house,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> replace [them with something else?].
> 𒃻 gar: replace, remove, plate, give in place of
> 𒌝𒂷𒂷𒀭 um.ga₂.ga₂.an
> 𒃻 gar: put, place, lay down
> lay [it] down.
> Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> Plough,
> the praise [& propaganda],
> 𒋻 sil: praise; 𒋻 tar: decide, decree
> 𒋻 sila
> 𒋻 sila: street
> the streets
> to be wide [spoken?]
> 𒂼 dagal: wide, broad
> 𒂼𒆷 dagal.la
> 𒂼 dagal: wide, broad
> wide
> [in the town’s?] square,
> 𒋛 si: point, square
> 𒋛 si
> 𒋛 si: point, square
> [in the town’s?] square,
> [you can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [you can] not
> [make it] square [with people’s perception?].
> 𒁲 sa₂: compare, arrive, reach
> 𒌝𒁲𒁲𒂗 um.sa₂.sa₂.en
> 𒁲 sa₂: equal, square
> [make them] square.

> Hoe & Plough 16

#### Hoe & Plough 18

> Encrypted: Guard, you drag along the people, but your dragging, what is it to me? You restrain the people, but your restraining, what is it to me?

> Official: Plough, you drag the earth, but your dragging, what is it to me? You break clods, but your clod-breaking, what is it to me?

> Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> Plough,
> you drag [along the people?],
> 𒁍 gid₂: drag, haul (earth)
> 𒉌𒁍𒉈𒂗 i₃.gid₂.de₃.en
> 𒁍 gid₂: drag, haul (earth)
> you drag [the earth],
> [but] your dragging,
> 𒁍 gid₂: lengthen, drag, haul (earth); 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒁍𒁕𒍪 gid₂.da.zu
> 𒁍 gid₂: lengthen, drag, haul (earth); 𒍪 zu: your
> [but] your dragging,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?
> You restrain [the people?],
> 𒆸 gur₄: curb, restrain
> 𒉌𒆸𒁉𒂗 i₃.lagab.be₂.en
> 𒆸 lagab: break into clods
> You break clods,
> [but] your restraining,
> 𒆸 gur₄: curb, restrain; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒆸𒁀𒍪 lagab.ba.zu
> 𒆸 lagab: break into clods; 𒍪 zu: your
> [but] your clod-breaking,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?

> Hoe & Plough 18

## Guard’s arguments 1

### Guards harvest the population, crush them for the rulers.

#### Hoe & Plough 20

> Encrypted: The Guard then to the Secret Agent said: I am the Guard, by the powers great sent out, to the mighty ones great I am bound.

> Official: The Plough then to Hoe said: I am the Plough, by arms great created, by hands great I am bound.

> The Guard [then]
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒂊 {geš}apin.e
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> The Plough [then]
> [to] the Secret [Agent]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> [to] Hoe
> said:
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> 𒅗𒀀‍𒀭𒈠𒌤𒂊 gu₃.am₃.ma.de₂.e
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> said:
> I am
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I am
> the Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒂊 {geš}apin.e
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> the Plough,
> [by] the powers
> 𒀉 a₂: strength, power
> 𒀉 a₂
> 𒀉 a₂: arm
> [by] arms
> great
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> 𒃲𒂊 gal.e
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> great
> sent out,
> 𒁶 gin₇: go, set out
> 𒁶𒈠 dim₂.ma
> 𒁶 dim₂: create
> created,
> [to] the mighty ones
> 𒋗 šu: strength; 𒋗𒆗 lirum: powerful, mighty
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [by] hands
> great
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> 𒃲𒂊 gal.e
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> great
> [I am] bound.
> 𒂡 sir₃: bind; 𒆟 keš₂: bind
> 𒂡𒁕 keše₂.da
> 𒂡 sir₃: bind; 𒆟 keš₂: bind
> [I am] bound.

> Hoe & Plough 20

#### Hoe & Plough 22

> Encrypted: I am the overseer great of the upper Raised Lords.

> Official: I am the land recorder great of father Enlil.

> [I am] the overseer
> 𒋃 sagga: official, overseer; 𒂄 dun: subordinated
> 𒊕𒂆 sag.tun₃
> 𒊕𒂅 sag.dun₃: land recorder
> [I am] the land recorder
> great
> 𒈤 mah: great
> 𒄯‍𒊕 mah
> 𒈤 mah: great
> great
> of the upper
> 𒀀 a: upper, above
> 𒀀𒀀 a.a
> 𒀀𒀀 a.a: father
> of father
> Raised Lords.
> 𒂗 en: lord, master; 𒆤 lil₂: raise, carry
> 𒀭𒂗𒆤𒇲𒈨𒂗 {d}en.lil₂.la₂.me.en
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil; 𒂗 en: lord, master; 𒆤 lil₂: wind, ghost
> Enlil.

> Hoe & Plough 22

#### Hoe & Plough 23

> Encrypted: I am the farmer, loyal to the rulers, of the population.

> Official: I am the farmer, the loyal one, of humanity.

> [I am] the farmer,
> 𒀳 engar: farmer; 𒀳 ereš₄: cultivator
> 𒀳 engar
> 𒀳 engar: farmer; 𒀳 ereš₄: cultivator
> [I am] the farmer,
> loyal [to the rulers],
> 𒍣 zid: right, loyal
> 𒍣 zid
> 𒍣 zid: right, loyal
> the loyal one,
> of the population.
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: people, population
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇𒈨𒂗 nam.lu₂.ulu₃.me.en
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: humanity
> of humanity.

> Hoe & Plough 23

#### Hoe & Plough 24

> Encrypted: Only with my activities in the months of collecting grain tax in the field can have the king the human cattle crushed, and have the human sheep squeezed dry.

> Official: For my festivities in the month of the seeding in the field has the king cattle slaughtered, and has sheep slaughtered.

> [Only with my] activities [???]
> 𒂡 sir₃: bind
> 𒂡𒈬 ezem.gu₁₀
> 𒂡 ezem: festival
> [For my] festivities
> [in] the months
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> 𒌗 itud
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> [in] the month
> of collecting [grain tax???]
> 𒋗 šu: give; 𒆰 kul: collect, gather, remove
> 𒋗𒆰𒀀 šu.numun.a
> 𒋗 šu: give; 𒆰 numun: seed
> of the seeding
> [in] the field
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [in] the field
> [can] have
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> 𒀝𒁕𒁉 ak.da.bi
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> has
> the king
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> 𒈗𒂊 lugal.e
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> the king
> [the human] cattle
> 𒄞 gud: cattle, ox, bull
> 𒄞 gud
> 𒄞 gud: cattle, ox, bull
> cattle
> crushed,
> 𒄤 gaz: beat, crush, execute
> 𒅎𒈠𒀊gaz𒂊 im.ma.ab.gaz.e
> 𒄤 gaz: kill, slaughter, beat, crush
> slaughtered,
> [and have the human] sheep
> 𒇻 udu: sheep
> 𒇻 udu
> 𒇻 udu: sheep
> [and has] sheep
> squeezed [dry??].
> 𒋩 sur: break, press, squeeze, milk
> 𒅎𒈠𒀊𒄭𒉘 im.ma.ab.šar₂.re
> 𒄭 šar₂: slaughter
> slaughtered.

> Hoe & Plough 24

### Guards crush people’s spirits, so they can be put to the yoke.

#### Hoe & Plough 26

> Encrypted: Crushed is the spirit of the main body of subjects. The king has my power gathered to collect the tax.

> Official: Beer into a bowl is poured. The king has holy water gathered to carry it to the fields.

> Crushed is
> 𒁉 kaš: kill, slaughter, beat, crush
> 𒁉 kaš
> 𒁉 kaš: beer
> Beer
> the spirit [???]
> 𒁓 bur: free, spirit, mind
> 𒁓𒊏𒀀‍𒀭 bur.ra.am₃
> 𒁓 bur: (stone) bowl, (food) offering, sacrifice
> [into] a bowl
> of the main body [of subjects???].
> 𒌣 umun₂: main body, bulk
> 𒈬𒂊𒌤 mu.e.de₂
> 𒌣 de₂: pour
> is poured.
> The king
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> 𒈗𒂊 lugal.e
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> The king
> [has my?] power [??]
> 𒀀 a: strength, power
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> [has holy?] water
> gathered
> 𒌴 ur₄: gather, collect
> 𒌴𒀀 ur₄.a
> 𒌴 ur₄: gather, collect
> gathered
> to collect [the tax???].
> 𒁺 de₆: take, collect, plunder
> 𒈬𒂊𒁺 mu.e.de₆
> 𒁺 de₆: carry
> to carry [it to the fields???].

> Hoe & Plough 26

#### Hoe & Plough 28

> Encrypted: The workers and slaves are crying in response.

> Official: The large drums and wooden drums are sounded in response.

> The workers [??]
> 𒄷𒆪 hu.bu₇: worker
> 𒋢𒀚 {kuš}ub₃
> 𒀚 ub₃: drum
> The [large?] drums
> and slaves [??]
> 𒀉 a₂: work; 𒇲 lal: slave
> 𒋢𒀉𒇲𒂊 {kuš}a₂.la₂.e
> 𒀉𒇲 a₂.la₂: wooden drum
> [and] wooden drums
> are crying [??]
> 𒅝 šeg₁₁: voice, cry, noise
> 𒅝 šeg₁₁
> 𒅝 šeg₁₁: voice, cry, noise
> are sounded
> [in] response [???].
> 𒄄 gi₄: return
> 𒅆𒅎𒈠𒄄𒄄 ši.im.ma.gi₄.gi₄
> 𒄄 gi₄: return
> [in] response [???].
> --- ---

> Hoe & Plough 28

#### Hoe & Plough 29

> Encrypted: The king by my arms his strength holds, the human cattle to the yoke he harnesses and binds them with me. The rulers great, behind my shoulder they stand.

> Official: The king on my handles his hands holds, the oxen to the yoke he harnesses and binds them to me. The rulers great, at my side they stand.

> The king
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> 𒈗𒂊 lugal.e
> 𒈗 lugal: king
> The king
> [by my] arms
> 𒀉 a₂: arm, plow handle
> 𒀉𒈬 a₂.gu₁₀
> 𒀉 a₂: arm, plow handle
> [on my] handles
> [his] strength
> 𒋗 šu: strength
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [his] hands
> holds,
> 𒂃 du₈: hold
> 𒉈𒅔𒂃 bi₂.in.du₈
> 𒂃 du₈: hold
> holds,
> the [human] cattle
> 𒄞 gud: cattle, ox, bull
> 𒄞𒈬 gud.gu₁₀
> 𒄞 gud: cattle, ox, bull
> the oxen
> [to] the yoke
> 𒋙𒂈 šudul: yoke
> 𒄑𒋙‍𒂈𒂊 {geš}šudul.e
> 𒋙𒂈 šudul: yoke
> [to] the yoke
> he harnesses
> 𒋛 sig₉: harness
> 𒋛 si
> 𒋛 sig₉: harness
> he harnesses
> [and] binds [them with me].
> 𒁲 sa₂: binding; 𒁲 di: bind
> 𒁀𒉌𒅔𒁲 ba.ni.in.sa₂
> 𒁲 sa₂: binding; 𒁲 di: bind
> [and] binds [them to me].
> The rulers
> 𒁈 barag: ruler, king
> 𒁈𒁈 barag.barag
> 𒁈 barag: ruler, king
> The rulers
> great,
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> 𒃲𒃲 gal.gal
> 𒃲 gal: big, great
> great,
> [behind my] shoulder
> 𒍠 zag: shoulder
> 𒍠𒈬𒋫 zag.gu₁₀.ta
> 𒍠 zag: side
> [at my] side
> they stand.
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> 𒅎𒁕𒁻𒁻𒄀𒌍 im.da.sug₂.sug₂.ge.eš
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> they stand.

> Hoe & Plough 29

### Terrorized, broken farmers work more happily for the ruler.

#### Hoe & Plough 32

> Encrypted: All the poor stare at the smashing done by me. The people watch me with terror.

> Official: All the country admires the good work done by me. The people watch me with joy.

> [All] the poor [??]
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor
> 𒆳𒆳𒉘 kur.kur.re
> 𒆳 kur: land, country
> [All] the country
> stare at
> 𒅆𒂍 u₆: stare
> 𒅆‍𒂍 u₆
> 𒅆𒂍 u₆: admiration
> admires
> the smashing [???]
> 𒁺 du: make tremble, push down, smash, crush
> 𒄭𒄀𒌍 dug₃.ge.eš
> 𒄭 dug₃: good; 𒁺 du: good
> the good [work?]
> [done by] me.
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e: I
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e: I
> [done by] me.
> The people
> 𒌦 ug₃: people
> 𒌦𒂊 ug₃.e
> 𒌦 ug₃: people
> The people
> watch [me]
> 𒅆 igi: eye, face
> 𒅆 igi
> 𒅆 igi: eye, face
> watch [me]
> [with] terror.
> 𒄷𒈛 hu.luh: frightened, terrified
> 𒄾𒆷 hul₂.la
> 𒄾 hul₂: rejoice, joy, rejoicing
> [with] joy.

> Hoe & Plough 32

#### Hoe & Plough 34

> Encrypted: By my work, the broken farmers serve in the country in praise.

> Official: By my work, the breached furrows stand in the country as ornaments.

> [By my work,] the broken
> 𒁇 bar: breach, penetrate, break in
> 𒈬𒌦𒅆𒁇𒁇𒉘 mu.un.ši.bar.bar.re
> 𒁇 bar: breach, penetrate, break in
> [By my work,] the breached
> farmers
> 𒀳 engar: farmer
> 𒀊𒉆 ab.sin₂
> 𒀳 absin₃: furrow; 𒀊𒉆 ab.sin₂: furrow
> furrows
> serve
> 𒁺 gub: serve, erect; 𒁺 gin: correct
> 𒁺𒁀𒈬 gub.ba.gu₁₀
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> stand
> in the country
> 𒂔 eden: plain, open country
> 𒂔 eden
> 𒂔 eden: plain, open country
> in the country
> [in] praise.
> 𒈨𒋼 me.te: praise
> 𒈨𒋼𒀸 me.te.aš
> 𒈨𒋼 me.te: image, ornament
> [as] ornaments.

> Hoe & Plough 34

#### Hoe & Plough 35

> Encrypted: When I protect the rulers in the field, then will lay down the human livestock numerous of the governors to bow down before them.

> Official: When I have laid down the stalks in the field, then will lay down the livestock numerous of the god Shakkan to bow down before them.

> [When I] protect
> 𒅅 gal₂: guard, protect
> 𒉈𒅁𒅅 bi₂.ib.gal₂
> 𒅅 gal₂: be there, put, place, lay down, provide
> [When I] have laid down
> the rulers [??]
> 𒂊𒋛 e.si: ruler, governor; 𒂗 en: lord
> 𒉺‍𒊺𒈾 išin.na
> 𒉺𒊺 isin: grain, stalk
> the stalks
> [in] the field,
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [in] the field,
> [then] will lay down
> 𒅅 gal₂: be there, put, place, lay down, provide
> 𒅅𒆷𒈬𒍑 gal₂.la.gu₁₀.uš
> 𒅅 gal₂: be there, put, place, lay down, provide
> [then] will lay down
> the [human] livestock
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše: animals, livestock
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše: animals, livestock
> the livestock
> numerous
> 𒇻 lu: abundant, sheep
> 𒇻𒀀 lu.a
> 𒇻 lu: abundant, sheep
> numerous
> of the governors
> 𒄊𒀴 šagina: governor-general; 𒀲𒀴 šakkan₆: governor-general
> 𒀭𒄊𒈾 {d}šakkan₂.na
> 𒄊𒀴 šagina: an equid; 𒀲𒀴 šakkan₆: an equid
> of [the god?] Shakkan [??]
> to bow down [before them].
> 𒑲 gam: bend, bow down, subdue
> 𒅎𒅆𒃵𒂊𒉈𒌍 im.ši.gam.e.de₃.eš
> 𒑲 gam: bend, bow down, subdue
> to bow down [before them].

> Hoe & Plough 35

### A Guard’s job is dangerous, with all the angry workers.

#### Hoe & Plough 37

> Encrypted: Among the workers angry I work, so I can stand even with the border watchmen mighty in a contest.

> Official: Among the barley dry I work, so I can stand even with the scythe mighty in a contest.

> [Among] the workers
> 𒋀 šeš: junior worker, assistant
> 𒊺 še
> 𒊺 še: barley
> [Among] the barley
> angry
> 𒉈 gir₁₀: anger, rage
> 𒉈𒂷 šeg₆.ga₂
> 𒉈 šeg₆: hot, dry, dried
> dry
> [I] work,
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> 𒆥𒂷 kig₂.ga₂
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> [I] work,
> [so I can] stand
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> 𒁺𒁀𒈬𒍑 gub.ba.gu₁₀.uš
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> [so I can] stand
> [even with] the border watchmen
> 𒁑 bulug: boundary; 𒆥 gur₁₀: watch over
> 𒍏𒁑𒆥 urud.bulug.gur₁₀
> 𒁑𒆥 bulug.gur₁₀: scythe?
> [even with] the scythe
> mighty
> 𒃻 nig₂: thing; 𒆗 kalag: mighty, powerful
> 𒃻𒆗𒂵 nig₂.kalag.ga
> 𒃻 nig₂: thing; 𒆗 kalag: mighty, powerful
> mighty
> [in] a contest.
> 𒀀𒁕𒌋𒌋 a.da.min₃: contest, dispute
> 𒀀𒁕𒎙 a.da.min₃
> 𒀀𒁕𒌋𒌋 a.da.min₃: contest, dispute
> [in] a contest.
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e: I
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e
> 𒈬𒂊 mu.e: I
> --- ---

> Hoe & Plough 37

### When workers are pressured & beaten, tax returns come in heaps.

#### Hoe & Plough 38

> Encrypted: After have been thrown down the workers and beaten, the tax returns of the herders of humanity will become better.

> Official: After has been reaped the barley and harvested, the churn of the shepherd will become better.

> [After] have been thrown down
> 𒆥 sag₁₁: throw (down), scatter, disperse
> 𒆥 gur₁₀
> 𒆥 gur₁₀: reap
> [After] has been reaped
> the workers
> 𒋀 šeš: junior worker, assistant
> 𒊺 še
> 𒊺 še: barley
> the barley
> [and?] beaten,
> 𒌴 ur₄: drag, beat, flatten
> 𒁀𒌴𒀀𒋫 ba.ur₄.a.ta
> 𒌴 ur₄: pluck, harvest
> [and?] harvested,
> the [tax?] returns
> 𒍀 gur₅: return, deduct, cut
> 𒂁𒌼 {dug}šakir₃
> 𒌼 šakir₃: churn; 𒍀 šakir: churn
> the churn [?]
> of the herders [of humanity]
> 𒉺𒇻 sipad: shepherd, herder
> 𒇽𒉺‍𒇻𒁕 {lu₂}sipad.da
> 𒉺𒇻 sipad: shepherd, herder
> of the shepherd
> [will become] better.
> 𒄭 dug₃: good
> 𒄭 dug₃
> 𒄭 dug₃: good, sweet, aromatic
> [will become] better.

> Hoe & Plough 38

#### Hoe & Plough 39

> Encrypted: After has been placed my pressure for taxes on the workers and the people, the heaps of taxed produce from the levied citizens will become better.

> Official: After have been placed my grain heaps on the meadows and spread out, the sheep of the god Dumuzid will become better.

> [After] has been placed
> 𒃻 gar: place
> 𒃻𒊏𒀀‍𒀭 gar.ra.am₃
> 𒃻 gar: place
> [After] have been placed
> my pressure [for?] taxes [???]
> 𒇡 sur₈: press, squeeze, break; 𒈦 maš: tax, fee, interest (on a loan)
> 𒇡𒈦𒈬 zar.maš.gu₁₀
> 𒇡𒈦 zar.maš: grain heap
> my grain heaps
> [on] the workers
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor
> 𒀀𒃼𒊏 a.gar₃.ra
> 𒀀𒃼 a.gar₃: meadow
> [on] the meadows
> [and] the people [??],
> 𒊩 sal: person, people, slave
> 𒊩𒆷𒀀𒁉 sal.la.a.bi
> 𒊩 sal: thin, spread out
> [and] spread out,
> the heaps [of taxed produce??]
> 𒇻 lu: abundant, heap up
> 𒇻 udu
> 𒇻 udu: sheep
> the sheep
> [from?] the levied citizens [???]
> 𒌉 dumu: son, citizen, dependant; 𒍣 zig₃: raise, levy, deduct
> 𒀭𒌉𒍣𒁕 {d}dumu.zid.da
> 𒌉𒍣 dumu.zid: Dumuzid; 𒌉 dumu: son; 𒍣 zid: true, loyal
> of [the god] Dumuzid
> [will become] better.
> 𒄭 dug₃: good, sweet, aromatic
> 𒄭 dug₃
> 𒄭 dug₃: good, sweet, aromatic
> [will become] better.

> Hoe & Plough 39

#### Hoe & Plough 41

> Encrypted: After has been placed my restraining force in the open country, they are piling up mountains of yellow grain in abundance.

> Official: After have been placed my mounds of grain in the open country, they are piled up as mountains of yellow grain in abundance.

> [After] has been placed
> 𒃻 gar: place
> 𒃻𒊏𒀀‍𒀭 gar.ra.am₃
> 𒃻 gar: place
> [After] have been placed
> my restraining [force???]
> 𒆕 du₃: detain, restrain
> 𒇯𒈬 du₆.gu₁₀
> 𒇯 du₆: mound
> my mounds [of grain]
> [in] the open country,
> 𒂔 eden: open country
> 𒂔𒈾 eden.na
> 𒂔 eden: open country
> [in] the open country,
> [they are?] piling up
> 𒂃 du₈: heap up, pile up, spread
> 𒂃𒂃𒀀𒁉 du₈.du₈.a.bi
> 𒂃 du₈: heap up, pile up, spread
> [they are?] piled up
> mountains
> 𒄯𒊕 hur.sag: mountain, steppe
> 𒄯𒊕 hur.sag
> 𒄯𒊕 hur.sag: mountain, steppe
> [as?] mountains
> of yellow [grain]
> 𒅊 sig₇: green-yellow
> 𒅊𒂵 sig₇.ga
> 𒅊 sig₇: green-yellow
> of yellow [grain]
> [in] abundance.
> 𒄭𒇷 hi.li: attractive, abundance
> 𒄭𒇷 hi.li
> 𒄭𒇷 hi.li: attractive, abundance
> [in] abundance.

> Hoe & Plough 41

#### Hoe & Plough 43

> Encrypted: I pile up heaps and stacks of taxed produce for the Raised-Lords. My work enforces the return of emmer and wheat.

> Official: I pile up heaps and stacks of grain for Enlil. My work yields the return of emmer and wheat.

> I pile up
> 𒅍 gur₃: lift, carry
> 𒅍𒊒𒀀‍𒀭 gur₃.ru.am₃
> 𒅍 gur₃: lift, carry
> I pile up
> heaps
> 𒄦𒇯 guru₇.du₆: grain heap
> 𒄦𒇯 guru₇.du₆
> 𒄦𒇯 guru₇.du₆: grain heap
> heaps
> [and] stacks [of taxed produce?]
> 𒄦𒈦 guru₇.maš: grain heap
> 𒄦𒈦𒀀 guru₇.maš.a
> 𒄦𒈦 guru₇.maš: grain heap
> [and] stacks [of grain]
> [for] the Raised-Lords.
> 𒂗 en: lord, master; 𒆤 lil₂: raise, carry
> 𒀭𒂗𒆤𒊏 {d}en.lil₂.ra
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil; 𒂗 en: lord, master; 𒆤 lil₂: wind
> [for] Enlil.
> [My work] enforces
> 𒄘 gu₂: force; 𒄘 gun₂: tax, tribute
> 𒄘 gu₂
> 𒄘 gu₂: have usufruct; 𒄘 gun₂: load, yield
> [My work] yields
> the return
> 𒄥 gur: turn, return
> 𒈬𒌦𒈾𒀊𒄥𒉘 mu.un.na.ab.gur.re
> 𒄥 gur: turn, return
> the return
> of emmer
> 𒍩 ziz₂: emmer
> 𒍩 ziz₂
> 𒍩 ziz₂: emmer
> of emmer
> and wheat.
> 𒈪𒉭 gig: wheat
> 𒍼𒁉 gig.bi
> 𒈪𒉭 gig: wheat
> and wheat.

> Hoe & Plough 43

#### Hoe & Plough 44

> Encrypted: My work enforces the trembling in the storerooms of the population, with obediance they are filled.

> Official: My work yields the piling up in the storehouses of humanity, with barley they are filled.

> [My work] enforces
> 𒄘 gu₂: force; 𒄘 gun₂: tax, tribute
> 𒄘 gu₂
> 𒄘 gu₂: have usufruct; 𒄘 gun₂: load, yield
> [My work] yields
> the trembling
> 𒁾 dub: make tremble, push down, smash, crush
> 𒈬𒌦𒈾𒊏𒁾𒁾𒁉 mu.un.na.ra.dub.dub.be₂
> 𒁾 dub: heap up, pile up
> the piling up
> [in] the storerooms
> 𒂍𒍑𒁍𒁕 ašlug: storeroom
> 𒂍‍𒍑‍𒁍‍𒁕 arah₄
> 𒂍𒍑𒁍𒁕 arah₄: storehouse, granary
> [in] the storehouses
> of the population,
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: people, population
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇𒅗 nam.lu₂.ulu₃.ka
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: humanity
> of humanity,
> [with] obediance
> 𒊺 še: obey, beat, shake
> 𒊺 še
> 𒊺 še: barley
> [with] barley
> [they] are filled.
> 𒋛 si: to fill
> 𒈪𒉌𒌈𒋛𒋛𒂗 mi.ni.ib₂.si.si.en
> 𒋛 si: to fill
> [they] are filled.

> Hoe & Plough 44

### Guards make even the poorest queue up to pay tax like sheep.

#### Hoe & Plough 46

> Encrypted: Even the orphans, the widows and the destitute, with their filled containers in hand they approach those of power and swear loyalty.

> Official: Even the orphans, the widows and the destitute, with their empty containers in hand they approach the ears of grain and break off bits.

> [Even] the orphans,
> 𒉡𒋠 nu.siki: orphan
> 𒉡𒋠 nu.siki
> 𒉡𒋠 nu.siki: orphan
> [Even] the orphans,
> the widows
> 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢 nu.mu.un.kuš: widow
> 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢 nu.mu.un.su
> 𒉡𒈬𒌦𒋢 nu.mu.un.kuš: widow
> the widows
> and the destitute,
> 𒆠𒄢𒆷 ki.gul.la: destitute person
> 𒇽𒆠𒄢𒆷 {lu₂}ki.gul.la
> 𒆠𒄢𒆷 ki.gul.la: destitute person
> and the destitute,
> [with their filled] containers
> 𒄀𒄥 gi.gur: measuring container
> 𒄀𒄥𒃡-𒊏 gi.gur{ur₃}.ra
> 𒄀𒄥 gi.gur: measuring container
> [with their empty] containers
> in hand
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> in hand
> [they] approach
> 𒋾 teg₄: approach
> 𒌝𒈠𒀊𒋾𒌍 um.ma.ab.ti.eš
> 𒋾 teg₄: approach
> [they] approach
> [those of] power [?]
> 𒀭 an: upper, above, power
> 𒀭 an
> 𒀭 an: foliage, ear (of barley etc.)
> the ears [of grain]
> and swear [loyalty?].
> 𒉻 pad: nominate, swear, adjure
> 𒉻𒉻𒁺𒈬 pad.pad.ra₂.gu₁₀
> 𒉻 pad: break (into bits), piece, basket
> and break off bits.

> Hoe & Plough 46

#### Hoe & Plough 49

> Encrypted: Gathered are my guards in the field, crushing the people.

> Official: Collected is my straw in the field, heaped up by the people.

> Gathered are
> 𒊑𒊑 de₅.de₅: gather up, plunder
> 𒅎𒊑𒊑𒄀𒉈 im.de₅.de₅.ge.ne
> 𒊑𒊑 de₅.de₅: collect, glean
> Collected is
> [my] guards
> 𒂗𒉡 en.nu: watch, guard
> 𒅔𒉡 in.nu
> 𒅔𒉡 in.nu: straw
> [my] straw
> [in] the field,
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [in] the field,
> crushing
> 𒁾 dub: make tremble, push down, smash, crush
> 𒁾𒁾𒁀𒈬 dub.dub.ba.gu₁₀
> 𒁾 dub: heap up
> heaped up
> the people.
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: humanity, people, population
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.ulu₃
> 𒉆𒇽𒍇 nam.lu₂.lu₇: humanity, people, population
> [by] the people.

> Hoe & Plough 49

#### Hoe & Plough 50

> Encrypted: Even the distant human livestock of the governors become like sheep when the rent is to be collected.

> Official: The extensive livestock of the god Shakkan become abundant in their strength when they go out.

> [Even] the distant [?]
> 𒁍 sud₄: distant, removed, remote
> 𒅎𒁕𒁍𒁍𒉈𒂗 im.da.gid₂.gid₂.de₃.en
> 𒁍 gid₂: long, extend
> The extensive [?]
> [human] livestock
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše: animals, livestock
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše
> 𒈧𒀲 maš₂.anše: animals, livestock
> livestock
> of the governors
> 𒄊𒀴 šagina: governor-general; 𒀲𒀴 šakkan₆: governor-general
> 𒀭𒄊𒈾 {d}šakkan₂.na
> 𒄊𒀴 šagina: an equid; 𒀲𒀴 šakkan₆: an equid
> of [the god?] Shakkan [??]
> [become like] sheep
> 𒇻 lu: sheep
> 𒇻𒀀𒁉 lu.a.bi
> 𒇻 lu: abundant
> [become] abundant
> [when?] the rent
> 𒀉 a₂: wage, wages, rent
> 𒀉 a₂
> 𒀉 a₂: arm, strength
> [in their] strength
> [is to be] collected.
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: take away, collect, pay out
> 𒈬𒁕𒀭𒌓‍𒁺 mu.da.an.e₃
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out, emerge
> [when they?] go out.

> Hoe & Plough 50

### Secret Agents wear pauper’s clothing, dig into the dirt of society.

#### Hoe & Plough 52

> Encrypted: Secret Agent, in dishonesty penetrating the people, with your speech in dishonesty breaking into them.

> Official: Hoe, in difficulty penetrating the ground, with your teeth in difficulty breaking it.

> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠 {geš}al
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [in] dishonesty
> 𒅆𒌨 hulu: corrupt, dishonest
> 𒅆‍𒌨𒁉 hul.bi
> 𒅆𒌨 hulu: bad, difficult
> [in] difficulty
> penetrating [the people],
> 𒌋 burud×u: perforate, penetrate, break in
> 𒌋𒁕 buru₃.da
> 𒌋 burud×u: perforate, penetrate, break in
> penetrating [the ground],
> [with your] speech
> 𒅗 dug₄: speak, say, talk
> 𒅗 zu₂
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth
> [with your] teeth
> [in] dishonesty
> 𒅆𒌨 hulu: corrupt, dishonest
> 𒅆‍𒌨𒁉 hul.bi
> 𒅆𒌨 hulu: bad, difficult
> [in] difficulty
> breaking [into them].
> 𒁍 sir₂: tear out, troubled, break
> 𒁍𒊏 bur₁₂.ra
> 𒁍 bur₁₂: tear out
> breaking [it].

> Hoe & Plough 52

#### Hoe & Plough 53

> Encrypted: Secret Agent, into the mud for work you are suspended!

> Official: Hoe, into the mud for work you are suspended!

> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠 {geš}al
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [into] the mud
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> 𒅎𒈠 im.ma
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> [into] the mud
> [for] work
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> 𒆥𒂷 kig₂.ga₂
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> [for] work
> [you] are suspended!
> 𒇲 la₂: hang, suspend, stretch out
> 𒇲𒀀 la₂.a
> 𒇲 la₂: hang, suspend, stretch out
> [you] are suspended!

> Hoe & Plough 53

#### Hoe & Plough 54

> Encrypted: Secret Agent, in the field your head into the mud you place!

> Official: Hoe, in the field your head into the mud you place!

> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠 {geš}al
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> [in] the field
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [in] the field
> [your] head
> 𒊕 sag: head
> 𒊕𒁉 sag.bi
> 𒊕 sag: head
> [your] head
> [into] the mud
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> [into] the mud
> [you] place!
> 𒃻 gar: place
> 𒃻𒊏 gar.ra
> 𒃻 gar: place
> [you] place!

> Hoe & Plough 54

#### Hoe & Plough 55

> Encrypted: Secret Agent, with rude commoners in the mud the days you must pass, with no person cleaning you!

> Official: Hoe, with brick molds in the mud the days you must pass, with no person cleaning you!

> Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠 {geš}al
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> Hoe,
> with
> 𒅇 u₃: and, also
> 𒅇 u₃
> 𒅇 u₃: and, also
> with
> rude [commoners?]
> 𒄑𒇥 is.hab₂: rogue, rude person
> 𒄑𒅇𒊒𒁀 {geš}u₃.šub.ba
> 𒅇𒊒 u₃.šub: brick-mold
> brick molds
> [in] the mud
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> 𒅎𒈠 im.ma
> 𒅎 im: clay, mud
> [in] the mud
> the days
> 𒌓 ud: day
> 𒌓 ud
> 𒌓 ud: day
> the days
> [you must] pass,
> 𒉌 zal: pass time
> 𒉌𒆷 zal.la
> 𒉌 zal: pass time
> [you must] pass,
> [with no] person
> 𒇽𒍇 lu₂.lu₇: man, people
> 𒇽𒍇 lu₂.ulu₃
> 𒇽𒍇 lu₂.lu₇: man, people
> [with no] person
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> cleaning [you]!
> 𒈛 luh: clean
> 𒈛𒄩 luh.ha
> 𒈛 luh: clean
> cleaning [you]!

> Hoe & Plough 55

#### Hoe & Plough 56

> Encrypted: Holes down below you must dig, to the floor you must dig, into people’s navels you must dig!

> Official: Holes down below you must dig, ditches you must dig, for people a navel into the earth you must dig!

> Holes [down below]
> 𒇥 pu₂: cistern, well, hole
> 𒇥 pu₂
> 𒇥 pu₂: cistern, well, hole
> Holes [down below]
> [you must] dig,
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> [you must] dig,
> [to] the floor
> 𒄮 ušša: foundation, floor
> 𒄮 sur₃
> 𒄮 sur₃: ditch
> ditches
> [you must] dig,
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> [you must] dig,
> [into] people’s
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> [for] people
> navels
> 𒇷𒄙 en₃.dur: navel, center
> 𒇷𒄙𒊏 en₃.dur.ra
> 𒇷𒄙 en₃.dur: navel, center
> a navel [into the earth?]
> [you must] dig!
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> [you must] dig!

> Hoe & Plough 56

#### Hoe & Plough 57

> Encrypted: With only the protection of a cloth of the poor, for the clothing of a true royal agent is it not suitable,

> Official: Wood for the hand of the poor, for the hand of royalty is it not suitable,

> [With only] the protection
> 𒄑𒈪 gissu: shade, shadow, protection, canopy
> 𒄑 geš
> 𒄑 geš: tree, wood
> Wood
> of a cloth
> 𒋗 šu: cloth, cover
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [for] the hand
> of the poor,
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor, pauper
> 𒇳‍𒁺𒊏𒁀 ukur₃.ra.ba
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor, pauper
> of the poor,
> [for] the clothing
> 𒋗 šu: cloth, cover, surface
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [for] the hand
> of a [true] royal [agent]
> 𒉆𒁈 nam.barag: royalty
> 𒉆𒁈𒂵𒅗 nam.barag.ga.ka
> 𒉆𒁈 nam.barag: royalty
> of royalty
> [is it] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [is it] not
> suitable,
> 𒁺 tum₂: suitable
> 𒁺𒈠 tum₂.ma
> 𒁺 tum₂: suitable
> suitable,

> Hoe & Plough 57

#### Hoe & Plough 58

> Encrypted: these clothes of a slave man on your head, the only ornaments they are for you.

> Official: these hands of a slave man on your head, the only ornaments they are for you.

> [these] clothes
> 𒋗 šu: cloth, cover
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [these] hands
> of a slave
> 𒀴 arad: slave
> 𒀴 arad
> 𒀴 arad: slave
> of a slave
> man
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> 𒇽𒅗 lu₂.ka
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> man
> [on your] head,
> 𒊕 sag: head
> 𒊕 sag
> 𒊕 sag: head
> [on your] head,
> the [only] ornaments
> 𒈨𒋼 me.te: ornament
> 𒈨𒋼𒀸 me.te.aš
> 𒈨𒋼 me.te: ornament
> the [only] ornaments
> [they] are
> 𒅅 gal₂: be
> 𒉈𒅁𒅅 bi₂.ib.gal₂
> 𒅅 gal₂: be
> [they] are
> [for] you.
> 𒍝 za: you
> 𒍝𒂊 za.e
> 𒍝 za: you
> [for] you.

> Hoe & Plough 58

#### Hoe & Plough 59

> Encrypted: To me insults hurtful you pile up, yourself to me you do compare.

> Official: To me insults hurtful you pile up, yourself to me you do compare.

> [To] me
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒊏 ga₂.ra
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> [To] me
> insults
> 𒅔 in: abuse, insult
> 𒅔 in
> 𒅔 in: abuse, insult
> insults
> hurtful
> 𒍼 gig: sick, hurt, troublesome
> 𒍼 gig
> 𒍼 gig: sick, hurt, troublesome
> hurtful
> [you] pile up,
> 𒂀 dub₂: strew, heap up, pile up
> 𒈬𒂊𒂀 mu.e.dub₂
> 𒂀 dub₂: strew, heap up, pile up
> [you] pile up,
> yourself
> 𒉎 ni₂: self; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒉎𒍪 ni₂.zu
> 𒉎 ni₂: self; 𒍪 zu: your
> yourself
> to me
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒁕 ga₂.da
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> to me
> [you do] compare.
> 𒁲 sa₂: equal, compare, compete
> 𒈬𒁕𒀊𒁲𒂊-/en mu.da.ab.sa₂.e.en
> 𒁲 sa₂: equal, compare, compete
> [you do] compare.

> Hoe & Plough 59

#### Hoe & Plough 61

> Encrypted: But when into the open country I go out, all agitators are let loose on me.

> Official: But when into the open country I go out, all eyes are let loose on me.

> [But when into] the open country
> 𒂔 eden: open country
> 𒂔𒂠 eden.še₃
> 𒂔 eden: open country
> [But when into] the open country
> [I] go out,
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> 𒌓‍𒁺𒈬𒁕 e₃.gu₁₀.da
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> [I] go out,
> [all] agitators [??]
> 𒅆 lib₄: agitate
> 𒅆 igi
> 𒅆 igi: eye, face
> [all] eyes
> are let loose [on me].
> 𒂃 du₈: spread, do; 𒂃 duh: loosen, release
> 𒄷𒈬𒌦𒂃𒀀 hu.mu.un.du₈.a
> 𒂃 du₈: spread, do; 𒂃 duh: loosen, release
> are let loose [on me].

> Hoe & Plough 61

#### Hoe & Plough 61

> Encrypted: A Secret Agent to a Guard great is not comparable.

> Official: A Hoe to a Plough great is not comparable.

> A Secret [Agent]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> A Hoe
> [to??] a Guard
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒈾 {geš}apin.na
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> [to??] a Plough
> great [??]
> 𒆸 gur₄: thick, big
> 𒆸𒊏𒉌𒂠 gur₄.ra.ni.še₃
> 𒆸 gur₄: thick, big
> great [??]
> [is?] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [is?] not
> [comparable??].
> 𒈬𒌦--- mu.un.---
> [comparable??].

> Hoe & Plough 61

#### Hoe & Plough 62

> Encrypted: “Guard, the crusher of revolts”, such insults you pile up.

> Official: “Plough the ditch digger”, such insults you pile up.

> “Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> “Plough
> the crusher
> 𒄮 kaz₈: beat, crush, kill, execute; 𒋩 sur: press, squeeze
> 𒄮 sur₃
> 𒄮 sur₃: ditch
> the ditch
> of revolts”,
> 𒁄 bala: transgress, revolt
> 𒁀𒀠𒁀𒀠 ba.al.ba.al
> 𒁀𒀠 ba.al: dig
> digger”,
> [such] insults
> 𒅔 in: abuse, insult
> 𒅔𒂠 in.še₃
> 𒅔 in: abuse, insult
> [such] insults
> [you] pile up.
> 𒂀 dub₂: strew, heap up, pile up
> 𒈬𒂊𒂀 mu.e.dub₂
> 𒂀 dub₂: strew, heap up, pile up
> [you] pile up.

> Hoe & Plough 62

## Secret Agent’s arguments 2

### Secret Agents appear small, but their acting is important.

#### Hoe & Plough 63

> Encrypted: The Secret Agent then to the Guard said: Guard, that I am small, what is it to me? That I could be more elevated, what is it to me? That I could be more mighty, what is it to me?

> Official: The Hoe then to the Plough said: Plough, that I am small, what is it to me? That I could be more elevated, what is it to me? That I could be more mighty, what is it to me?

> The Secret [Agent then]
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠𒂊 {geš}al.e
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> The Hoe [then]
> [to] the Guard
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒈾 {geš}apin.na
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> [to] the Plough
> said:
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> 𒅗𒀀‍𒀭𒈠𒌤𒂊 gu₃.am₃.ma.de₂.e
> 𒅗𒌣 gu₃.de₂: call, say (addressing someone)
> said:
> Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> Plough,
> [that I] am small,
> 𒌉 tur: small
> 𒌉𒊏𒈬 tur.ra.gu₁₀
> 𒌉 tur: small
> [that I] am small,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?
> [That I could be more] elevated,
> 𒉽𒉽 kur₂.kur₂: different, change, alter
> 𒉽‍𒉽𒂷𒈬 bulug₃.ga₂.gu₁₀
> 𒉽𒉽 bulug₃: elevated
> [That I could be more] elevated,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?
> [That I could be more] mighty,
> 𒆠𒀀𒅅 peš₁₀.gal₂: mighty?
> 𒆠‍𒀀𒅅𒆷𒈬 peš₁₀.gal₂.la.gu₁₀
> 𒆠𒀀𒅅 peš₁₀.gal₂: mighty?
> [That I could be more] mighty,
> what is it to me?
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒉆𒈬 nam.gu₁₀
> 𒉆 nam: what, any; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> what is it to me?

> Hoe & Plough 63

#### Hoe & Plough 65

> Encrypted: At the places of the Raised-Lords in front of you I am. In the houses of the Raised-Lords in front of you I stand.

> Official: At the place of Enlil in front of you I am. In the house of Enlil in front of you I stand.

> [At] the places
> 𒆠 ki: place
> 𒆠 ki
> 𒆠 ki: place
> [At] the place
> of the Raised-Lords
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil
> 𒀭𒂗𒆤𒇲𒅗 {d}en.lil₂.la₂.ka
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil
> of Enlil
> in front [of you]
> 𒁾𒊕 dub.sag: first, before, leader
> 𒁾𒊕𒍪 dub.sag.zu
> 𒁾𒊕 dub.sag: first, before, leader
> in front [of you]
> I am.
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊𒈨𒂗 ge₂₆.e.me.en
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I am.
> [In] the houses
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> [In] the house
> of the Raised-Lords
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil
> 𒀭𒂗𒆤𒇲𒅗 {d}en.lil₂.la₂.ka
> 𒂗𒆤 en.lil₂: Enlil
> of Enlil
> in front [of you]
> 𒅆 igi: face, front, first
> 𒅆𒂠 igi.še₃
> 𒅆 igi: face, front, first
> in front [of you]
> I stand.
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> 𒈠𒊏𒀊𒁺𒁉𒂗 ma.ra.ab.gub.be₂.en
> 𒁺 gub: stand
> I stand.

> Hoe & Plough 65

#### Hoe & Plough 57

> Encrypted: Performances I enact. Appearances I enact. The shapes with power I fill.

> Official: Dykes I make. Canals I make. The meadows with water I fill.

> Performances
> 𒂊 e: do, perform, watch over
> 𒂊 eg₂
> 𒂊 eg₂: levee, dyke
> Dykes
> I enact.
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> 𒉌𒀝𒂗 i₃.ak.en
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> I make.
> Appearances [?]
> 𒉽 pa₄: discover; 𒂊 e: emerge; 𒅆𒊒𒂊 pad₃.e: cause to appear
> 𒉽‍𒂊 pa₅
> 𒉽𒂊 pa₅: (small) canal, irrigation ditch
> Canals
> I enact.
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> 𒉌𒀝𒂗 i₃.ak.en
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> I make.
> The shapes
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈: form, shape
> 𒀀𒃼𒀀𒃼𒉘 a.gar₃.a.gar₃.re
> 𒀀𒃼 a.gar₃: meadow
> The meadows
> [with] power
> 𒀀 a: strength, power
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> [with] water
> I fill.
> 𒋛 si: to fill
> 𒌝𒈠𒋛𒋛𒅔 um.ma.si.si.in
> 𒋛 si: to fill
> I fill.

> Hoe & Plough 57

#### Hoe & Plough 69

> Encrypted: When into the playing limbs power I pour, my support small makes it all excel.

> Official: When into the reed beds water is poured, my baskets small carry it off.

> [When into] the [playing?] limbs
> 𒄑𒄀 geš.gen₆: limbs
> 𒄑𒄀𒄑𒄀𒀀 {geš}.gi.giš.gi.a
> 𒄑𒄀 geš.gi: reed thicket
> [When into] the reed beds
> power
> 𒀀 a: strength, power
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> water
> I pour,
> 𒌣 de₂: pour
> 𒅇𒈬𒉌𒅔𒌤𒌤 u₃.mu.ni.in.de₂.de₂
> 𒌣 de₂: pour
> is poured,
> my support
> 𒅍 il: raise, carry, support
> 𒄑𒅍 {geš}dupsik
> 𒅍 dupsik: basket (for carrying earth and bricks)
> my baskets
> small
> 𒌉 tur: small
> 𒌉𒈬 tur.gu₁₀
> 𒌉 tur: small
> small
> [makes it all] excel.
> 𒊑 ri: exceed, surpass, excellent
> 𒈬𒁕𒀊𒊑 mu.da.ab.ri
> 𒊑 de₅: carry, carry off
> carry [it] off.

> Hoe & Plough 69

### Secret Agents stop angry mobs, when walls & guards are cut down.

#### Hoe & Plough 71

> Encrypted: When the guards are cut down, when the fortifications are cut down, when a fight great rises up, when the oppressed are pouring out,

> Official: When a watercourse is cut, when a canal is cut, when a river great rises up, and water is pouring out,

> [When] the guards
> 𒉌𒂃 i₃.du₈: guard
> 𒀀‍𒇉 id₂
> 𒀀𒇉 id₂: watercourse, canal
> [When] a watercourse
> are cut [down],
> 𒋻 kud: cut
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒋻 u₃.mu.e.kud
> 𒋻 kud: cut
> is cut,
> [when] the fortifications
> 𒉺 pa: wall, fortification
> 𒉽‍𒂊 pa₅
> 𒉽𒂊 pa₅: (small) canal, irrigation ditch
> [when] a canal
> are cut [down],
> 𒋻 kud: make clear
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒋻 u₃.mu.e.kud
> 𒋻 kud: cut
> is cut,
> [when] a fight [???]
> 𒀀𒁕 a.da: contest, fight?
> 𒀀‍𒇉 id₂
> 𒀀𒇉 id₂: watercourse, canal, river
> [when] a river
> great
> 𒈤 mah: great
> 𒄯‍𒊕 mah
> 𒈤 mah: great
> great
> rises up,
> 𒍣 zig₃: rise
> 𒍣𒂵𒂠 zig₃.ga.še₃
> 𒍣 zig₃: rise
> rises up,
> [when] the oppressed [???]
> 𒈂 heš₅: oppressed, bound
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water; 𒀀 eš₁₀: water
> [and] water
> are pouring out,
> 𒊑 ri: release, pour out
> 𒌝𒈠𒉌𒊑 um.ma.ni.ri
> 𒊑 ri: release, pour out
> is pouring out,

> Hoe & Plough 71

#### Hoe & Plough 73

> Encrypted: when great bodies of people in the vicinity are battling, then only I, the Secret Agent, can dam it all up to stand still again.

> Official: and great puddles at the sides are created, then only I, the Hoe, can dam it all up to stand still again.

> [when great] bodies [of people]
> 𒌣 umun₂: main body, bulk
> 𒆹𒊏 ambar.ra
> 𒆹 ambar: marsh; 𒆹 umun₁₁: pond, puddle
> [and great] puddles
> [in] the vicinity
> 𒁕 da: vicinity
> 𒁕 da
> 𒁕 da: edge, side
> [at] the sides
> are battling,
> 𒀝 me₆: battle, combat
> 𒌝𒁕𒀝𒂊 um.da.ak.e
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> are created,
> [then only] I,
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> [then only] I,
> the Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠 {geš}al
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> the Hoe,
> [can] dam [it all up]
> 𒆸 nigin₂: encircle, enclose, dam a canal
> 𒆸𒁉 nigin₂.bi
> 𒆸 nigin₂: encircle, enclose, dam a canal
> [can] dam [it all up]
> to stand [still again].
> 𒁺 gub: stand, set, put
> 𒅎𒁕𒁺𒁉𒂗 im.da.gub.be₂.en
> 𒁺 gub: stand, set, put
> to stand [still again].

> Hoe & Plough 73

### Secret Agents thwart revolts, and betray the rebels to the slavers.

#### Hoe & Plough 75

> Encrypted: The common men and angry ones can not finish the rebellion they started.

> Official: The south wind and the north wind can not split it apart again.

> The [common] men
> 𒍇 ulu₃: man, humanity
> 𒅎𒍇𒇻 {tum₉}u₁₈.lu
> 𒍇 ulu₃: south wind
> The south wind
> and angry [ones]
> 𒂇 mir: angry, anger, rage
> 𒅎𒂆𒊏 {tum₉}mir.ra
> 𒂆 mir: north wind
> and the north wind
> [can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [can] not
> finish [the rebellion they started].
> 𒋛𒅋 si.il: finish
> 𒈬𒌦𒋛𒅋𒋛𒅋𒇷 mu.un.si.il.si.il.le
> 𒋛𒅋 si.il: split apart
> split it apart [again].

> Hoe & Plough 75

#### Hoe & Plough 76

> Encrypted: The girl hunters the women can collect. The slave hunters the fugitives can seize. People with traps for those birdies in their hands approach.

> Official: The bird hunters the eggs can collect. The fisherman the fish can seize. People with traps for birds in their hands approach.

> The girl hunters
> 𒄷 mušen: girl, young woman, mistress; 𒆕 du₃: hold, detain, restrain
> 𒄷𒆕𒂊 mušen.du₃.e
> 𒄷 mušen: bird; 𒆕 du₃: hold, detain, restrain
> The bird hunters
> the women
> 𒉭 nunuz: woman, female
> 𒉭 nunuz
> 𒉭 nunuz: egg
> the eggs
> [can] collect.
> 𒊑 de₅: collect
> 𒌈𒊑𒊑𒄀 ib₂.de₅.de₅.ge
> 𒊑 de₅: collect
> [can] collect.
> The [slave] hunters
> 𒋗𒄩 šu.ku₆: fisherman, hunter, catcher
> 𒇽𒋗𒄩𒉈 {lu₂}šu.ku₆.de₃
> 𒋗𒄩 šu.ku₆: fisherman, hunter, catcher
> The fisherman
> the fugitives
> 𒄩𒀀 zah₂: disappear, flee, fugitive
> 𒄩 ku₆
> 𒄩 ku₆: fish
> the fish
> [can] seize.
> 𒆪 dab₅: seize
> 𒈪𒉌𒅁𒆪𒆪𒁉 mi.ni.ib.dab₅.dab₅.be₂
> 𒆪 dab₅: seize
> [can] seize.
> People
> 𒌦 ug₃: people
> 𒌦𒂊 ug₃.e
> 𒌦 ug₃: people
> People
> [with] traps for [those] birdies
> 𒄯𒄷 har.mušen: bird snare
> 𒄑𒄯𒄷𒈾 {geš}har.mušen.na
> 𒄯𒄷 har.mušen: bird snare
> [with] traps for birds
> [in their] hands
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> 𒋗 šu
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [in their] hands
> approach.
> 𒋾 teg₄: near to, approach
> 𒅎𒈠𒀭𒋾 im.ma.an.ti
> 𒋾 teg₄: near to, approach
> approach.

> Hoe & Plough 76

#### Hoe & Plough 79

> Encrypted: Now this defeat by me was brought about, by my hand it was made to last.

> Official: Now this abundance by me was brought about, by my hand it was made to last.

> Now
> 𒉌𒉈𒂠 i₃.ne.eš₂: now
> 𒂊𒉈𒂠 e.ne.eš₂
> 𒉌𒉈𒂠 i₃.ne.eš₂: now
> Now
> this defeat by me
> 𒀉𒅅 a₂.gal₂: strength, defeat
> 𒃶𒅅𒈬 he₂.gal₂.gu₁₀
> 𒃶𒅅 he₂.gal₂: plenty; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> this abundance by me
> was brought about,
> 𒆳 kur: enter, brought in
> 𒆳𒆳𒊏 kur.kur.ra
> 𒆳 kur: enter, brought in
> was brought about,
> [by my] hand
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> 𒋗𒁉 šu.bi
> 𒋗 šu: hand
> [by my] hand
> [it was made] to last.
> 𒋤𒋤 su₃.su₃: distant, long-lasting
> 𒃶𒉌𒅁𒋤𒋤 he₂.ni.ib.sud.sud
> 𒋤𒋤 su₃.su₃: distant, long-lasting
> [it was made] to last.

> Hoe & Plough 79

### Secret Agents test the waters after crushed revolts.

#### Hoe & Plough 80

> Encrypted: When from the poor the power has been diverted, and with the lowly bonded people the work is opened up again, Guard, first before you into the people I go down.

> Official: When from the meadows the water has been diverted, and on the places wet the work is opened up, Plough, first before you into the field I go down.

> [When from] the poor
> 𒇳𒁺 ukur₃: poor; 𒋫 ta: from
> 𒀀𒃼𒋫 a.gar₃.ta
> 𒀀𒃼 a.gar₃: meadow; 𒋫 ta: from
> [When from] the meadows
> the power
> 𒀀 a: strength, power
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> the water
> has been diverted,
> 𒋻 haš: break off, divert (water)
> 𒌝𒋫𒋻𒀀𒋫 um.ta.haš.a.ta
> 𒋻 haš: break off, divert (water)
> has been diverted,
> [and with the] lowly
> 𒆠 ki: lower, down below
> 𒆠 ki
> 𒆠 ki: place
> [and on] the places
> bonded [people]
> 𒄙 dur: binding, bond
> 𒀀 duru₅
> 𒀀 duru₅: wet
> wet
> the work
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> 𒆥𒂷 kig₂.ga₂
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> the work
> is opened up [again],
> 𒅅 gal₂: have, open
> 𒁀𒅅𒆷𒋫 ba.gal₂.la.ta
> 𒅅 gal₂: have, open
> is opened up,
> Guard,
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳 {geš}apin
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> Plough,
> first [before you]
> 𒅆 igi: face, front, first
> 𒅆𒍪𒂠 igi.zu.še₃
> 𒅆 igi: face, front, first
> first [before you]
> [into] the people
> 𒊕 sag: people, slave
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [into] the field
> I
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I
> go down.
> 𒇯𒁺 ed₃: go down, go up
> 𒈠𒀭𒇯‍𒁺𒉈 ma.an.ed₃.de₃
> 𒇯𒁺 ed₃: go down, go up
> go down.

> Hoe & Plough 80

#### Hoe & Plough 83

> Encrypted: The people I open up to then be held back by you.

> Official: The field I open up to then be set aside for you.

> The people
> 𒊕 sag: people, slave
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> The field
> [I] open up
> 𒅅 gal₂: open
> 𒅅 gal₂
> 𒅅 gal₂: open
> [I] open up
> [to then] be held back [by you].
> 𒋺 taka₄: keep back, hold back
> 𒋺𒋺 da₁₃.da₁₃
> 𒋺 taka₄: set aside, remainder
> [to then] be set aside [for you].

> Hoe & Plough 83

### Secret Agents clear out human troublemakers.

#### Hoe & Plough 84

> Encrypted: I clear out the hidden human obstacles of the workers for you. I tear out the human weeds of the people for you.

> Official: I clear out the hidden obstacles of the dyke for you. I tear out the weeds of the field for you.

> I
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I
> clear out
> 𒂃 du₈: spread
> 𒈠𒊏𒊏𒀭𒂃𒂊 ma.ra.ra.an.du₈.e
> 𒂃 du₈: spread
> clear out
> the hidden [human obstacles?]
> 𒀉𒌫 a₂.ur₂: hidden place, secret
> 𒀉𒌫 a₂.ur₂
> 𒀉𒌫 a₂.ur₂: hidden place, secret
> the hidden [obstacles?]
> of the workers [for you].
> 𒂊 e: arm, wage, work
> 𒂊𒂵 eg₂.ga
> 𒂊 eg₂: levee, dyke
> of the dyke [for you].
> I
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I
> tear out
> 𒍢𒅕 ze₂.er: tear out
> 𒈠𒊏𒊏𒀭𒍢𒂗 ma.ra.ra.an.ze₂.en
> 𒍢𒅕 ze₂.er: tear out
> tear out
> the [human] weeds
> 𒌑𒆰 {u₂}kul: plant, weed
> 𒌑𒆰 u₂.kul
> 𒌑𒆰 {u₂}kul: plant, weed
> the weeds
> of the people [for you].
> 𒊕 sag: people, slave
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> of the field [for you].

> Hoe & Plough 84

#### Hoe & Plough 85

> Encrypted: I remove the scary ones and soldier likes of the people for you, and I collect them for you.

> Official: I remove the stumps and roots of the field for you, and I collect them for you.

> I
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I
> remove
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: remove
> 𒈠𒊏𒊏𒀭𒂷𒂷𒂊𒂗 ma.ra.ra.an.ga₂.ga₂.e.en
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: remove
> remove
> the scary [ones?]
> 𒄷𒄭 mud: scared, terrified; 𒊬 mud₆: wild
> 𒄑𒄷‍𒄭 {geš}mud
> 𒄑𒄷𒄭 {geš}mud: stump
> the stumps
> and soldier [likes?]
> 𒂟 erin₂: people, troops, worker
> 𒄑𒄿𒈕𒈾𒁉 {geš}i.ri₉.na.bi
> 𒈕 irina₃: root
> and roots
> of the people [for you],
> 𒊕 sag: people, slave
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> of the field [for you],
> [and] I
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> [and] I
> collect [them for you].
> 𒊑𒊑 de₅.de₅: collect, gather up
> 𒈠𒊏𒊑𒊑𒄀𒂗 ma.ra.de₅.de₅.ge.en
> 𒊑𒊑 de₅.de₅: collect, gather up
> collect [them for you].

> Hoe & Plough 85

### Secret Agents work alone, Guards need groups of 10.

#### Hoe & Plough 87

> Encrypted: But when in the field the work is done by you, then you have to be accompanied to every place:

> Official: But when in the field the work is done by you, then you have to be accompanied to every place:

> [But when in] the field
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [But when in] the field
> the work
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> 𒆥 kig₂
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> the work
> is done [by you],
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> 𒀀𒀝 a.ak
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> is done [by you],
> [then you have to] be accompanied
> 𒍑 us₂: accompany, follow
> 𒍑𒊓 us₂.sa
> 𒍑 us₂: accompany, follow
> [then you have to] be accompanied
> [to every] place:
> 𒃻 gar: place
> 𒃻𒊏𒀀‍𒀭 gar.ra.am₃
> 𒃻 gar: place
> [to every] place:

> Hoe & Plough 87

#### Hoe & Plough 88

> Encrypted: your warriors six, your people four, and you yourself are the eleventh.

> Official: your oxen six, your people four, and you yourself are the eleventh.

> your warriors
> 𒄞 gud: warrior; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄞𒍪 gud.zu
> 𒄞 gud: cattle, ox, bull; 𒍪 zu: your
> your oxen
> six,
> 𒐋 aš₃: six
> 𒐋𒀀‍𒀭 aš₃.am₃
> 𒐋 aš₃: six
> six,
> your people
> 𒇽 lu₂: person; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒇽𒍪 lu₂.zu
> 𒇽 lu₂: person; 𒍪 zu: your
> your people
> four,
> 𒐉 limmu₅: four
> 𒐉𒀀‍𒀭 limmu₅.am₃
> 𒐉 limmu₅: four
> four,
> and
> 𒅇 u₃: and
> 𒅇 u₃
> 𒅇 u₃: and
> and
> you
> 𒍝 za: you
> 𒍝𒂊 za.e
> 𒍝 za: you
> you
> yourself
> 𒊮 šag₄: heart
> 𒊮 šag₄
> 𒊮 šag₄: heart
> yourself
> [are] the eleventh.
> 𒌋 u: ten; 𒁹 diš: one
> 𒌋𒁹𒄰𒈠𒁉𒈨𒂗 u.diš.kam.ma.bi.me.en
> 𒌋 u: ten; 𒁹 diš: one
> [are] the eleventh.

> Hoe & Plough 88

#### Hoe & Plough 89

> Encrypted: Much work is needed to prepare the field for you to take it away. And still yourself to me you want to compare?

> Official: Much work is needed to prepare the field for you to take it away. And still yourself to me you want to compare?

> [Much??] work
> 𒀉 a₂: arm, work
> 𒀉 a₂
> 𒀉 a₂: arm, work
> [Much??] work
> [is needed??] to prepare
> 𒊓𒄄 sa.gi₄: prepare
> 𒊓𒄄𒀀 sa.gi₄.a
> 𒊓𒄄 sa.gi₄: prepare
> [is needed??] to prepare
> the field
> 𒃷 gana₂: field
> 𒃷𒋫 gana₂.ta
> 𒃷 gana₂: field
> the field
> [for you?] to take it away [???].
> 𒋼𒀀𒋼𒀀 kar.kar: remove, take away
> 𒈪𒉌𒅁𒋼‍𒀀𒋼‍𒀀𒉘 mi.ni.ib.kar.kar.re
> 𒋼𒀀𒋼𒀀 kar.kar: remove, take away
> [for you?] to take it away [???].
> [And still] yourself
> 𒉎 ni₂: self; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒉎𒍪 ni₂.zu
> 𒉎 ni₂: self; 𒍪 zu: your
> [And still] yourself
> to me
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒀀𒁕 ga₂.a.da
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> to me
> [you want] to compare?
> 𒁲 sa₂: compare, compete
> 𒈬𒁕𒀊𒁲𒂊 mu.da.ab.sa₂.e
> 𒁲 sa₂: compare, compete
> [you want] to compare?

> Hoe & Plough 89

### To a Guard, bullying a single farmer counts as good work.

#### Hoe & Plough 91

> Encrypted: When finally outside into the field you go, bullying a farmer single one in your eye is already good work.

> Official: When finally outside into the field you go, a furrow single one in your eye is already good work.

> [When finally] outside
> 𒁇 bar: outside
> 𒁇𒈬𒋫 bar.gu₁₀.ta
> 𒁇 bar: outside
> [When finally] outside
> [into] the field
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> 𒀀𒊮𒂵 a.šag₄.ga
> 𒀀𒊮 a.šag₄: field
> [into] the field
> you go,
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> 𒌓‍𒁺𒉈𒁕𒍪𒉈 ed₂.de₃.da.zu.ne
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> you go,
> [bullying] a farmer
> 𒀳 engar: farmer
> 𒀊𒉆𒍪 ab.sin₂.zu
> 𒀳 absin₃: furrow
> a furrow
> single one
> 𒀸 dili: single
> 𒀸𒀀‍𒀭 dili.am₃
> 𒀸 dili: single
> single one
> [in your?] eye
> 𒅆 igi: eye
> 𒅆 igi
> 𒅆 igi: eye
> [in your?] eye
> [is already??]
> --- ---
> [is already??]
> good [work].
> 𒊷 sag₉: good, beautiful
> ---𒁕𒀊𒊷𒄀 ---.da.ab.sag₉.ge
> 𒊷 sag₉: good, beautiful
> good [work].

> Hoe & Plough 91

### Even Guards can get their head smashed in by farmers.

#### Hoe & Plough 93

> Encrypted: When your head during the work is crushed, and by workers or fighters is throttled, even your teeth will break off.

> Official: When your head during the work is thrown down, and in roots or thorns gets hung up, your tooth breaks off.

> [When] your head
> 𒊕 sag: head; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒊕𒍪 sag.zu
> 𒊕 sag: head; 𒍪 zu: your
> [When] your head
> [during] the work
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> 𒆥𒂷 kig₂.ga₂
> 𒆥 kig₂: work
> [during] the work
> is crushed [??],
> 𒊏 rah₂: beat, break, crush, kill
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒉌𒊑𒂗 u₃.mu.e.ni.ri.en
> 𒊑 ri: lay down, place, throw down
> is thrown down,
> [and by] workers
> 𒂟 erin₂: people, troops, worker
> 𒄑𒄿𒈶𒈾 {geš}i.ri₈.na
> 𒈷 erina₈: root
> [and in] roots
> [or] fighters
> 𒀀𒁕 a.da: contest, fight?
> 𒄑𒌑‍𒄉 {geš}kiši₁₆
> 𒌑𒄉 {u₂}kišig₂: thorny bush; 𒌑𒄉 ad₅: thorn bush
> [or] thorns
> is throttled [??],
> 𒇲 la₂: press, throttle
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒉌𒇲 u₃.mu.e.ni.la₂
> 𒇲 la₂: hang, suspend
> gets hung up,
> [even] your teeth
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄑𒅗𒍪 {geš}zu₂.zu
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth; 𒍪 zu: your
> your tooth
> [will] break off.
> 𒋻 kud: cut, separate, break off
> 𒈬𒂊𒋻 mu.e.kud
> 𒋻 kud: cut, separate, break off
> breaks off.

> Hoe & Plough 93

#### Hoe & Plough 95

> Encrypted: And even if your blade can be fixed, this blade in your hand can not be carried any more.

> Official: And even if your tooth can be fixed, this tooth in your hand can not be hung any more.

> [And even if] your blade
> 𒅗 zu₂: blade; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄑𒅗𒍪 {geš}zu₂.zu
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth; 𒍪 zu: your
> [And even if] your tooth
> [can] be fixed,
> 𒆕 du₃: plant, fix upright
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒆕 u₃.mu.e.du₃
> 𒆕 du₃: plant, fix upright
> [can] be fixed,
> [this] blade
> 𒅗 zu₂: blade; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄑𒅗𒍪 {geš}zu₂.zu
> 𒅗 zu₂: tooth; 𒍪 zu: your
> [this] tooth
> [in] your hand
> 𒋗 šu: hand; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒋗𒍪𒂠 šu.zu.še₃
> 𒋗 šu: hand; 𒍪 zu: your
> [in] your hand
> [can] not
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [can] not
> be carried [any more].
> 𒇲 la₂: carry
> 𒅎𒈪𒇲 im.mi.la₂
> 𒇲 la₂: hang
> be hung [any more].

> Hoe & Plough 95

#### Hoe & Plough 97

> Encrypted: So the farmer says: “Hah, this guard has been finished off”, and your name he calls.

> Official: So the farmer says: “Uh-oh, this plough is finished”, and your name he calls.

> [So] the farmer [says]:
> 𒀳 engar: farmer
> 𒀳𒍪 engar.zu
> 𒀳 engar: farmer
> [So] the farmer [says]:
> “[Hah, this] guard
> 𒌶 uru₃: guard, watch over
> 𒄑𒀳𒁉 {geš}apin.bi
> 𒀳 apin: plough; 𒀳 uru₄: sow, cultivate
> “[Uh-oh, this] plough
> has been finished off”,
> 𒌀 til: end, finish (off)
> 𒌀𒆷 til.la
> 𒌀 til: end, finish (off)
> is finished”,
> [and your] name
> 𒈬 mu: name
> 𒈬𒂠 mu.še₃
> 𒈬 mu: name
> [and your] name
> he calls.
> 𒄷𒈿𒄷𒈿 še₂₁.še₂₁: call by name
> 𒈪𒊑𒌈𒄷‍𒈿𒄷‍𒈿 mi.ri.ib₂.sa₄.sa₄
> 𒄷𒈿𒄷𒈿 še₂₁.še₂₁: call by name
> he calls.

> Hoe & Plough 97

### Much fuss is made in ceremonies for fallen Guards.

#### Hoe & Plough 98

> Encrypted: A second time carpenters have to be hired for you, People have to work for you. A whole house of craftsmen surround you.

> Official: A second time carpenters have to be hired for you, People have to work for you. A whole house of craftsmen surround you.

> A second [time]
> 𒈫𒄰𒈠 min.kam.ma: second
> 𒈫𒄰𒈠𒂠 min.kam.ma.še₃
> 𒈫𒄰𒈠 min.kam.ma: second
> A second [time]
> carpenters
> 𒉄 nagar: carpenter
> 𒉄 nagar
> 𒉄 nagar: carpenter
> carpenters
> [have to be] hired [for you],
> 𒂠 hug: hire
> 𒈠𒊏𒂠𒂊 ma.ra.hug.e
> 𒂠 hug: hire
> [have to be] hired [for you],
> People
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> People
> [have to work for you???].
> 𒈠𒊏𒀊--- ma.ra.ab.---
> [have to work for you???].
> [A whole] house
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> [A whole] house
> of craftsmen
> 𒉆𒉣𒈨𒋳 nam.gašam: craftsmanship
> 𒉆𒉣‍𒈨‍𒋳𒆤 nam.gašam.ke₄
> 𒉆𒉣𒈨𒋳 nam.gašam: craftsmanship
> of craftsmen
> surround [you].
> 𒆸 nigin₂: encircle, go around
> 𒈠𒊏𒀊𒆸𒆸𒂊 ma.ra.ab.ni₁₀.ni₁₀.e
> 𒆸 nigin₂: encircle, go around
> surround [you].

> Hoe & Plough 98

#### Hoe & Plough 100

> Encrypted: The felt makers take a fleece decorative and tear out the wool for you. The fullers then bring up straps for your body.

> Official: The felt makers take a fleece decorative and tear out the wool for you. The fullers then bring up straps for your body.

> The felt makers [??]
> 𒌆𒂃 tug₂.du₈: felter, rope maker
> 𒌆𒂃 tug₂.du₈
> 𒌆𒂃 tug₂.du₈: felter, rope maker
> The felt makers [??]
> [take] a fleece
> 𒁇 bar: skin, fleece, set aside
> 𒁇 bar
> 𒁇 bar: skin, fleece, set aside
> [take] a fleece
> decorative
> 𒂄 dun: decorate
> 𒂄 dun
> 𒂄 dun: decorate
> decorative
> [and] tear out [the wool for you?].
> 𒍢𒅕 ze₂.er: tear out
> 𒈠𒊏𒊏𒀭𒍢𒂗 ma.ra.ra.an.ze₂.en
> 𒍢𒅕 ze₂.er: tear out
> [and] tear out [the wool for you?].
> The fullers [then]
> 𒃻𒁇𒋩 nig₂.bar.sur: fuller’s tool
> 𒃻𒁇𒋩𒊏 nig₂.bar.sur.ra
> 𒃻𒁇𒋩 nig₂.bar.sur: fuller’s tool
> The fullers [then]
> bring up
> 𒇯𒁺 ed₃: bring up; 𒇯𒁺 e₁₁: raise
> 𒈠𒊏𒊏𒀭𒇯‍𒁺𒉈 ma.ra.ra.an.ed₃.ne
> 𒇯𒁺 ed₃: bring up; 𒇯𒁺 e₁₁: raise
> bring up
> straps
> 𒁇𒇯𒁺𒉈 bar.ed₃.de₃: strap
> 𒋢𒁇𒇯‍𒁺𒁕𒁇𒇯‍𒁺𒁕 kuš.bar.ed₃.da.bar.ed₃.da
> 𒁇𒇯𒁺𒉈 bar.ed₃.de₃: strap
> straps
> [for your] body [??].
> 𒊨 kuš₂: skin, hide, body
> 𒋗𒈬𒊏𒀭𒊨𒅇𒉈 šu.mu.ra.an.kuš₂.u₃.ne
> 𒊨 kuš₂: skin, hide, body
> [for your] body [??].

> Hoe & Plough 100

#### Hoe & Plough 103

> Encrypted: Finally, a leather skin that is not so sweet on your head they place. Your work is small, but your way of behaving is lofty.

> Official: Finally, a leather skin that is not so sweet on your head they place. Your work is small, but your way of behaving is lofty.

> [Finally,] a leather skin
> 𒋢 kuš: skin, hide, leather
> 𒋢 kuš
> 𒋢 kuš: skin, hide, leather
> [Finally,] a leather skin
> [that is] not [so]
> 𒉡 nu: not
> 𒉡 nu
> 𒉡 nu: not
> [that is] not [so]
> sweet
> 𒄭 dug₃: good, sweet, aromatic
> 𒄭 dug₃
> 𒄭 dug₃: good, sweet, aromatic
> sweet
> [on] your head
> 𒊕𒁺 sag.du: head; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒊕𒁺𒍪 sag.du.zu
> 𒊕𒁺 sag.du: head; 𒍪 zu: your
> [on] your head
> [they] place.
> 𒃻 gar: place
> 𒉈𒅁𒃻 bi₂.ib.gar
> 𒃻 gar: place
> [they] place.
> Your work
> 𒅍 il₂: worker; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒅍𒆷𒍪 il₂.la.zu
> 𒅍 il₂: worker; 𒍪 zu: your
> Your work
> is small,
> 𒌉 tur: small
> 𒌉𒊏𒀀‍𒀭 tur.ra.am₃
> 𒌉 tur: small
> is small,
> [but] your way [of behaving]
> 𒀀𒁺 a.ra₂: way; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒀀𒁺𒍪 a.ra₂.zu
> 𒀀𒁺 a.ra₂: way; 𒍪 zu: your
> [but] your way [of behaving]
> is lofty.
> 𒈤 mah: great, lofty, exalted, august
> 𒈤𒀀𒀭 mah.am₃
> 𒈤 mah: great, lofty, exalted, august
> is lofty.

> Hoe & Plough 103

### Secret Agents work all year, Guards only during tax collection.

#### Hoe & Plough 105

> Encrypted: The days of my work’s limit are months twelve, but the days of your assignment are only months four during harvest taxing, while the days you stay away from work are months eight while the grain grows.

> Official: The days of my work’s limit are months twelve, but the days of your assignment are only months four during seeding, while the days you stay away from work are months eight while the grain grows.

> The days
> 𒌓 ud: day
> 𒌓 ud
> 𒌓 ud: day
> The days
> of my [work’s?] limit
> 𒍠 zag: limit, boundary; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> 𒍠𒈬 zag.gu₁₀
> 𒍠 zag: limit, boundary; 𒈬 gu₁₀: my
> of my [work’s?] limit
> [are] months
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> 𒌗 itud
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> [are] months
> twelve,
> 𒌋 u: ten; 𒈫 min: two
> 𒌋𒈫𒀀‍𒀭 u.am₃
> 𒌋 u: ten; 𒈫 min: two
> twelve,
> [but] the days
> 𒌓 ud: day
> 𒌓 ud
> 𒌓 ud: day
> [but] the days
> of your assignment
> 𒁺 gub: stand, serve, assigned (to a task); 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒁺𒁀𒍪 gub.ba.zu
> 𒁺 gub: stand, serve, assigned (to a task); 𒍪 zu: your
> of your assignment
> [are only] months
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> 𒌗 itud
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> [are only] months
> four [during harvest taxing],
> 𒐼 limmu: four
> 𒐉𒀀‍𒀭 immu.am₃
> 𒐼 limmu: four
> four [during seeding],
> [while] the days
> 𒌓 ud: day
> 𒌓 ud
> 𒌓 ud: day
> [while] the days
> you stay away [from work]
> 𒄩𒀀 zah₂: withdraw, stay away; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄩‍𒀀𒍪 sah₆.zu
> 𒄩𒀀 zah₂: withdraw, stay away; 𒍪 zu: your
> you stay away [from work]
> [are] months
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> 𒌗 itud
> 𒌗 itud: moon, month
> [are] months
> eight [while the grain grows].
> 𒑄 ussu: eight
> 𒐍𒀀‍𒀭 ussu.am₃
> 𒑄 ussu: eight
> eight [while the grain grows].

> Hoe & Plough 105

#### Hoe & Plough 108

> Encrypted: You serve, and then twice as long you are gone.

> Official: You serve, and then twice as long you are gone.

> You serve,
> 𒁺 gub: serve; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒁺𒁀𒍪𒁶 gub.ba.zu.gin₇
> 𒁺 gub: serve; 𒍪 zu: your
> You serve,
> [and then] twice [as long]
> 𒈫 min: two
> 𒈫𒀀‍𒀭 min.am₃
> 𒈫 min: two
> [and then] twice [as long]
> [you] are gone.
> 𒁺 gen: come, go
> 𒁀𒁺𒌦 ba.du.un
> 𒁺 gen: come, go
> [you] are gone.

> Hoe & Plough 108

### Guard are fat & stinky, everyone would love to kick their crotch.

#### Hoe & Plough 109

> Encrypted: On a funeral barge a coffin box is erected for you.

> Official: On a barge a house is erected for you.

> On a [funeral] barge
> 𒈣𒇲 ma₂.la₂: weighmaster
> 𒄑𒈣𒇲𒍝 {geš}ma₂.la₂.za
> 𒈣𒇲 ma₂.la₂: freight boat
> On a barge [???]
> a [coffin] box
> 𒂍 e₂: box, cabin
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> a house [???]
> is erected [for you].
> 𒆕 du₃: erect
> 𒉌𒆕𒆕𒂊𒂗 i₃.du₃.du₃.e.en
> 𒆕 du₃: erect
> is erected [for you].

> Hoe & Plough 109

#### Hoe & Plough 110

> Encrypted: When you are laid down on it, your weight the beams will break, and your face like from your pot of wine from the water has to be pulled.

> Official: When you are laid down on it, your weight the beams will break, and your face like from a pot of wine from the water has to be pulled.

> [When you] are laid down [on it],
> 𒊑 ri: lay down, place
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒉌𒊑𒂗 u₃.mu.e.ni.ri.en
> 𒊑 ri: lay down, place
> [When you] are laid down [on it],
> your weight [??]
> 𒋗 šu: bunch, strength; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒋗𒍪 šu.zu
> 𒋗 šu: bunch, strength; 𒍪 zu: your
> your weight [??]
> the beams
> 𒄑𒊑 geš.dal: beam, pole
> 𒄑𒊑𒀀 {geš}dal.a
> 𒄑𒊑 geš.dal: beam, pole
> the beams
> [will] break,
> 𒁍 bur₁₂: tear out; 𒁍 sir₂: break, destroy
> 𒅇𒈬𒂊𒉌𒁍 u₃.mu.e.ni.bur₁₂
> 𒁍 bur₁₂: tear out; 𒁍 sir₂: break, destroy
> [will] break,
> [and] your face
> 𒅆 igi: eye, face; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒅆𒍪 igi.zu
> 𒅆 igi: eye, face; 𒍪 zu: your
> [and] your face
> like [from your] pot
> 𒂁 dug: (clay) pot
> 𒂁 dug
> 𒂁 dug: (clay) pot
> like [from] a pot
> of wine
> 𒃾 geštin: grapes, wine; 𒁶 gim: like, as
> 𒃾𒈾𒁶 geštin.na.gin₇
> 𒃾 geštin: grapes, wine; 𒁶 gim: like, as
> of wine
> [from] the water
> 𒀀 a: water
> 𒀀 a
> 𒀀 a: water
> [from] the water
> [has to] be pulled.
> 𒈽 suh: tear out, extract
> 𒅎𒋫𒈽𒂗 im.ta.suh.en
> 𒈽 suh: tear out, extract
> [has to] be pulled.

> Hoe & Plough 110

#### Hoe & Plough 112

> Encrypted: When the logs are burned, they make smoke in your coffin box, finally giving you a sweet scent for once.

> Official: When the logs are burned, they make smoke in the house making you good again.

> [When] the logs [??]
> 𒄑𒊑 geš.dal: beam, pole
> 𒄑𒊑𒋫 {geš}dal.ta
> 𒄑𒊑 geš.dal: beam, pole
> [When] the logs [??]
> are burned,
> 𒆳 kur: burn, light up
> 𒆳𒊏 kur.ra
> 𒆳 kur: burn, light up
> are burned,
> [they] make
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> 𒌝𒋫𒀝𒂗 um.ta.ak.en
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act
> [they] make
> smoke
> 𒄿𒉈 i.bi₂: smoke
> 𒄿𒉈𒈬 i.bi₂.gu₁₀
> 𒄿𒉈 i.bi₂: smoke
> smoke
> [in your coffin] box,
> 𒂍 e₂: box, cabin
> 𒂍𒀀 e₂.a
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> [in] the house
> [finally giving you??] a sweet [scent for once??].
> 𒅊𒅊 sa₇.sa₇: sweet, prepare (meat)
> 𒈬𒉌𒅔𒅊𒅊𒂗 mu.ni.in.sig₇.sig₇.en
> 𒅊𒅊 sa₇.sa₇: good, beautiful, improve
> [making you??] good [again??].

> Hoe & Plough 112

#### Hoe & Plough 114

> Encrypted: And even if it is just your “seed-funnel”, whereever it is put down, any person who manages to throw you down will angrily grind it with his feet, making it a “tool” that is completely destroyed and eroded.

> Official: And even just your seed-funnel, whereever it is thrown down, any person who throws you down can by accident grind it with his feet, making it a tool that is completely destroyed and eroded.

> [And even if it is just] your “seed-funnel”,
> 𒉒 ninda₂: seed-funnel; 𒍪 zu: your
> 𒄑𒉒𒍪 {geš}ninda₂.zu
> 𒉒 ninda₂: seed-funnel; 𒍪 zu: your
> [And even just] your seed-funnel,
> where[ever]
> 𒈨𒀀 me.a: where?
> 𒈨𒀀‍𒀭 me.am₃
> 𒈨𒀀 me.a: where?
> where[ever]
> it is put down,
> 𒉩𒆠 gurud: throw, place
> 𒉩‍𒆠𒁕𒁉 gurud.da.bi
> 𒉩𒆠 gurud: throw, place
> it is thrown down,
> [any] person
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> [any] person
> [who manages to?] throw [you] down
> 𒉩𒆠 gurud: throw, place
> 𒉩‍𒆠𒁕𒍪 gurud.da.zu
> 𒉩𒆠 gurud: throw, place
> [who] throws [you] down
> [will angrily] grind it [with his feet?],
> 𒍀 guru₅: cut, fell, trim, peel off; 𒍀 gur₅: cut up, chop, grind
> 𒄘𒍀 gu₂.guru₅
> 𒍀 guru₅: cut, fell, trim, peel off; 𒍀 gur₅: cut up, chop, grind
> [can by accident] grind it [with his feet?],
> making [it]
> 𒅗 dug₄: do, perform
> 𒁀𒀊𒅗 ba.ab.dug₄
> 𒅗 dug₄: do, perform
> making [it]
> a “tool”
> 𒋗𒃸 šu.kar₂: tool, implement, utensil
> 𒄑𒋗𒃸 {geš}šu.kar₂
> 𒋗𒃸 šu.kar₂: tool, implement, utensil
> a tool
> that is completely destroyed
> 𒆹𒍠𒅥 sug.zag.gu₇: destroy completely
> 𒆹𒍠𒄄 sug.zag.ge₄
> 𒆹𒍠𒅥 sug.zag.gu₇: destroy completely
> that is completely destroyed
> [and] eroded.
> 𒅥 gu₇: eat, consume, erode
> 𒅥𒀀 gu₇.a
> 𒅥 gu₇: eat, consume, erode
> [and] eroded.

> Hoe & Plough 114

### Secret Agents keep a watch on the poor, betray their thoughts.

#### Hoe & Plough 117

> Encrypted: I, the Secret Agent, in the city I live. No person is more important!

> Official: I, the Hoe, in the city I live. No person is more important!

> I,
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> 𒂷𒂊 ge₂₆.e
> 𒂷 ge₂₆: I
> I,
> the Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠𒈨𒂗 {geš}al.me.en
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> the Hoe,
> [in] the city
> 𒌷 iri: city
> 𒌷𒆠𒀀 iri{ki}.a
> 𒌷 iri: city
> [in] the city
> I live.
> 𒋾 til₃: live
> 𒂵𒀭𒋾 ga.an.til₃
> 𒋾 til₃: live
> I live.
> [No??] person
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> [No??] person
> is
> 𒈨 me: be
> 𒉆𒈨 nam.me
> 𒈨 me: be
> is
> [more] important!
> 𒂂 dugud: heavy, important
> 𒂂𒁕𒈨𒂗 dugud.da.me.en
> 𒂂 dugud: heavy, important
> [more] important!

> Hoe & Plough 117

#### Hoe & Plough 119

> Encrypted: I am a servant who after the evildoers follows. A watch over the enemy I perform.

> Official: I am a servant who after his master follows. A house for the master I build.

> [I am] a servant
> 𒀴 arad: slave, servant
> 𒀴 arad
> 𒀴 arad: slave, servant
> [I am] a servant
> [who after] the evildoers
> 𒇽𒅆𒌨𒅅 lu₂.hul.gal₂: evildoer, enemy
> 𒈗𒀀𒉌𒅕 lugal.a.ni.ir
> 𒈗 lugal: king, lord, master
> [who after his] master
> follows.
> 𒍑 us₂: accompany, follow
> 𒍑𒊓𒈨𒂗 us₂.sa.me.en
> 𒍑 us₂: accompany, follow
> follows.
> A watch
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: watch, watch over
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> A house
> [over] the enemy
> 𒇽𒅆𒌨𒅅 lu₂.hul.gal₂: evildoer, enemy
> 𒈗𒀀𒉌𒅕 lugal.a.ni.ir
> 𒈗 lugal: king, lord, master
> [for] the master
> [I] perform.
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: make, perform
> 𒆕𒆕𒀀𒈨𒂗 du₃.du₃.a.me.en
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: build
> [I] build.

> Hoe & Plough 119

#### Hoe & Plough 121

> Encrypted: Their decisions I survey, their thoughts I make wide open.

> Official: The animal stall I make long, the sheepfold I make wide.

> [Their] decisions
> 𒋻 tar: decide
> 𒂍𒉣‍𒇬 {e₂}tur₃
> 𒉣𒇬 tur₃: animal stall
> The animal stall
> [I] survey,
> 𒁍 gid₂: supply, survey
> 𒁍𒁕𒈨𒂗 gid₂.da.me.en
> 𒁍 gid₂: long, lengthen
> [I make] long,
> [their] thoughts
> 𒌆 umuš: mind, thought, planning
> 𒁖‍𒆨 amaš
> 𒁦 amaš: sheepfold
> the sheepfold
> [I make] wide [open].
> 𒂼 dagal: wide, widen
> 𒂼𒆷𒈨𒂗 dagal.la.me.en
> 𒂼 dagal: wide, widen
> [I make] wide.

> Hoe & Plough 121

#### Hoe & Plough 122

> Encrypted: Tongues I filter, voices I loosen.

> Official: Clay I press, bricks I build.

> Tongues
> 𒅎 im: tongue, language
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay
> Clay
> [I] filter,
> 𒁈 barag: filter; 𒁈 šara: slander
> 𒉌𒁈𒂗 i₃.barag.en
> 𒁈 barag: press?
> [I] press,
> voices
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂: noise, voice
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂
> 𒋞 šeg₁₂: brick
> bricks
> [I] loosen.
> 𒆕 du₃: fitting, speak, talk, loosen
> 𒉌𒆕𒆕𒂗 i₃.du₃.du₃.en
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: build, spread
> [I] build.

> Hoe & Plough 122

#### Hoe & Plough 123

> Encrypted: A trail to follow on those down below I lay, a watch on them I perform.

> Official: Foundations on the ground I lay, houses I build.

> A [trail to] follow
> 𒍑 us₂: adjacent to, accompany, follow
> 𒍑 uš
> 𒍑 uš: floor, foundation
> Foundations
> [on those] down below
> 𒆠 ki: lower, down below
> 𒆠 ki
> 𒆠 ki: place, ground
> [on] the ground
> [I] lay,
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: place, lay down
> 𒉌𒂷𒂷𒀭 i₃.ga₂.ga₂.an
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: place, lay down
> [I] lay,
> a watch [on them]
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: watch, watch over
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> houses
> [I] perform.
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: make, perform
> 𒉌𒆕𒆕𒂗 i₃.du₃.du₃.en
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: build, spread
> [I] build.

> Hoe & Plough 123

### Secret Agents repair the rotten image of rulers with propaganda.

#### Hoe & Plough 124

> Encrypted: A ruler’s shape that has become rotten, its base I prepare to be fit again.

> Official: A wall that has become rotten, its base I prepare to be fit again.

> A [ruler’s] shape
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈: form, shape
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈
> 𒂍𒋞 e₂.gar₈: wall
> A wall
> [that has become] rotten,
> 𒁁 sumun: old, rot
> 𒁊𒈾 sumun.na
> 𒁁 sumun: old, rot
> [that has become] rotten,
> [its] base
> 𒌫 ur₂: root, trunk, base
> 𒌫𒁉 ur₂.bi
> 𒌫 ur₂: root, trunk, base
> [its] base
> [I] prepare [to be fit again??].
> 𒍑 us₂: lean on, impose, prepare
> 𒉌𒍑𒂗 i₃.us₂.en
> 𒍑 us₂: lean on, impose, prepare
> [I] prepare [to be fit again??].

> Hoe & Plough 124

#### Hoe & Plough 125

> Encrypted: Protection of a ruler who is resisted on his house I place.

> Official: A roof of a person who is good on his house I place.

> Protection
> 𒃡 ur₃: collect, abundant, protection
> 𒃡 ur₃
> 𒃡 ur₃: roof
> A roof
> of a ruler
> 𒇽 lu₂: ruler
> 𒇽 lu₂
> 𒇽 lu₂: person
> of a person
> [who] is resisted
> 𒍣 zig₃: attack; 𒍣𒄄 zig₃.gi₄: resist
> 𒍣𒁕𒅗 zid.da.ka
> 𒍣 zi: good; 𒍣 zid: right
> [who] is good
> [on his] house
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> [on his] house
> [I] place.
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: place, lay down
> 𒅎𒈠𒂷𒂷𒀭 im.ma.ga₂.ga₂.an
> 𒂷𒂷 ga₂.ga₂: place, lay down
> [I] place.

> Hoe & Plough 125

#### Hoe & Plough 126

> Encrypted: I am the Secret Agent, the praise & propaganda, to be wide spoken in the town’s square, I make it square with people’s perception.

> Official: I am the Hoe, the streets wide in the town’s square, I make them square.

> [I am] the Secret [Agent],
> 𒄩𒀠𒄩 ha.al.ha: secret, crawl away; 𒀜𒄬 ad.hal: secret
> 𒄑𒀠𒈨𒂗 {geš}al.me.en
> 𒀠 al: hoe
> [I am] the Hoe,
> the praise [& propaganda],
> 𒋻 sila: street
> 𒋻 sila
> 𒋻 sila: street
> the streets
> to be wide [spoken?]
> 𒂼 dagal: wide
> 𒂼𒆷 dagal.la
> 𒂼 dagal: wide
> wide
> [in the town’s?] square,
> 𒋛 si: point, square
> 𒋛 si
> 𒋛 si: point, square
> [in the town’s?] square,
> [I make it] square [with people’s perception?].
> 𒁲 sa₂: equal, square
> 𒅎𒈠𒁲𒁲𒂊𒂗 im.ma.sa₂.sa₂.e.en
> 𒁲 sa₂: equal, square
> [I make them] square.

> Hoe & Plough 126

#### Hoe & Plough 127

> Encrypted: In the city I go around and its walls I confirm as safe.

> Official: In the city I go around and its walls I make permanent.

> [In] the city
> 𒌷 iri: city
> 𒌷𒆠 iri{ki}
> 𒌷 iri: city
> [In] the city
> [I] go around
> 𒆸 nigin₂: search
> 𒅇𒈬𒆸 u₃.mu.nigin₂
> 𒆸 nigin₂: prowl, go around
> [I] go around
> [and its] walls
> 𒂦 bad₃: wall
> 𒂦 bad₃
> 𒂦 bad₃: wall
> [and its] walls
> [I] confirm [as safe?].
> 𒄀 gin₆: confirm, verify, normal
> 𒄀 gen₆
> 𒄀 gin₆: firm, permanent
> [I] make permanent.

> Hoe & Plough 127

#### Hoe & Plough 128

> Encrypted: I perform a watch for the upper class, and make big their names. I go out to perform this in language humble, language sweet, and language harmonious to embellished it.

> Official: I build a house for the gods, and make big its top. I go out to make clay red, clay yellow, and clay of dust color to embellished it.

> [I] perform
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: make, perform
> 𒌝𒈪𒆕 um.mi.du₃
> 𒆕𒆕 du₃.du₃: build, spread
> [I] build
> a watch
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: watch, watch over
> 𒂍 e₂
> 𒂍 e₂: house
> a house
> [for] the upper [class],
> 𒀭 an: upper, above
> 𒀭 digir
> 𒀭 digir: deity
> [for] the gods,
> [and make] big
> 𒃲𒃲 gal.gal: big, great
> 𒃲𒃲𒂊𒉈𒅗 gal.gal.e.ne.ka
> 𒃲𒃲 gal.gal: big, great
> [and make] big
> [their] names.
> 𒉺 pa: name
> 𒉺 pa
> 𒉺 pa: branch, top
> [its?] top.
> [I] go out
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> 𒌓‍𒁺 e₃
> 𒌓𒁺 e₃: go out
> [I] go out
> to perform [this in?]
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act, perform
> 𒅇𒁀𒉌𒀝 u₃.ba.ni.ak
> 𒀝 ak: do, make, act, perform
> to make
> language
> 𒅎 im: tongue, language
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay
> clay
> humble,
> 𒋜 su₄: humble
> 𒋜 su₄
> 𒋜 su₄: red
> red,
> language
> 𒅎 im: tongue, language
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay
> clay
> sweet,
> 𒅊 sa₇: good, sweet, beautiful
> 𒅊 sig₇
> 𒅊 sig₇: green-yellow
> yellow,
> and language
> 𒅎 im: tongue, language
> 𒅎 im
> 𒅎 im: clay
> and clay
> harmonious
> 𒊑 di₅: shine; 𒄩𒁵 ha.mun: harmony
> 𒊑𒄩𒁵𒈾 dal.ha.mun.na
> 𒊑𒄩𒁵 dal.ha.mun: dust storm, disaster
> of dust [color???]
> to embellished [it].
> 𒊩𒅗 mi₂.dug₄: embellish
> 𒊩𒌝𒈠𒉌𒅔𒅗 mi₂.um.ma.ni.in.dug₄
> 𒊩𒅗 mi₂.dug₄: embellish
> to embellished [it].

> Hoe & Plough 128

🏷 Sumerian text interlinear · text