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# Ovid: Metamorphoses

🏷 Latin text interlinear · text — by Gerry · Dec 2024 · 18399 words

The Metamorphoses by Ovid are officially a history of the world, and secretly a pun-encrypted history of organized deception: In the beginning, there was only truth, and the aristocracy ruled openly & brutally. Then they invented their total deception about everything — the titular metamorphoses!

## Introduction

The epic Metamorphoses by Roman poet Ovidius Naso is a gargantuan Latin poem, collected into 15 books. It is supposed to tell the entirety of history, from the creation of the world to Julius Caesar. But all except the last 2 chapters are actually Greek myths, retold in Latin. The title Metamorphoses means “transformations”, which is also odd, because most of the myths are not about transformations at all.

Obviously, this is yet another pun-encrypted story. The word metamorphoses doesn’t even need encryption, because to the spook overlords, human history is just an endless chain of them morphing & transforming into ever new disguises, to conceal their ultra-corrupt rule from the subjects. The introduction of the story mirrors the Book of Genesis and Sumerian myths: In the beginning, there was only truth. The aristocracy already had power, but showed their true oppressive face, and used armed brutality to crush dissent. But then they invented systematic deception — the titular metamorphoses — to cover it all up! The rest is fake history, with the truth secretly told by Ovid’s Metamorphoses and other encrypted stories.

Ovid’s encryption style is somewhat interesting, as he writes in Latin about Greek gods & myths, and very often recycles Greek puns. But since the Roman elites were well-read in Greek, his readers would likely understand them all. (Other Latin works occasionally use Greek puns as well.)

### How to read this

- In the interlinear word-by-word translation, each word is shown as a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks.
- Use the Pun Config to choose your level: Minimal for secret meaning only, Beginner for secret & official English texts, Intermediate for word-by-word vocabulary, Expert for original text & glyphs.
- Possible pun-encrypted meaning is marked with light red.
- Official meaning is marked with light green.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs. All vocabulary is linked to online dictionaries.
- Please read the introduction, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- Religious readers should proceed with care.

## Metamorphoses

### The distinguished people transformed everything.

#### Metamorphoses 1.1

> Encrypted: Into newly produced characters were transformed, so I will tell, the appearances of persons. You distinguished people initiated it, because you transformed yourselves and others.

> Official: Into newly produced souls were transformed, so I will tell, the forms of bodies. You gods initiated it, because you transformed yourselves and others.

> Into
> in: in, into
> In
> in: in, into
> Into
> newly
> novus: new
> nova
> novus: new
> newly
> produced
> fero: bear, carry, produce
> fert
> fero: bear, carry, produce
> produced
> characters
> animus: character
> animus
> animus: soul, spirit, mind
> souls
> were transformed,
> mutatio: mutation, change, exchange
> mutatas
> mutatio: mutation, change, exchange
> were transformed,
> [so I will] tell,
> dico: speak, say
> dicere
> dico: speak, say
> [so I will] tell,
> the appearances
> forma: appearance
> formas
> forma: form, figure
> the forms
> of persons.
> corpus: person
> corpora
> corpus: body
> of bodies.
> [You] distinguished [people]
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> di
> deus: god; divus: god
> [You] gods
> initiated [it],
> coepio: begin, initiate
> coeptis
> coepio: begin, initiate
> initiated [it],
> because
> nam: for, because
> (nam
> nam: for, because
> because
> you
> tu: thou, you
> vos
> tu: thou, you
> you
> transformed [yourselves]
> muto: mutate, modify, transform
> mutastis
> muto: mutate, modify, transform
> transformed [yourselves]
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> others.
> ille: that
> illas)
> ille: that
> others.

> Metamorphoses 1.1

#### Metamorphoses 1.3

> Encrypted: So the breath of me, and first from the early origin of this decoration to my own time, continue to escort me through these times in my song.

> Official: So the breath of me, and first from the origin of the world to my own time, continue to escort me through these times in my song.

> [So] the breath
> adspiro: aspire, breathe
> adspirate
> adspiro: aspire, breathe
> [So] the breath
> of me,
> meus: my, mine
> meis
> meus: my, mine
> of me,
> and first
> primus: first
> primaque
> primus: first
> and first
> from
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> from
> the [early] origin
> origo: origin
> origine
> origo: origin
> the origin
> of [this] decoration
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundi
> mundus: world
> of the world
> to
> ad: at, to, toward
> ad
> ad: at, to, toward
> to
> my [own time],
> meus: my, mine
> mea
> meus: my, mine
> my [own time],
> continue
> perpetuus: perpetual, everlasting
> perpetuum
> perpetuus: perpetual, everlasting
> continue
> to escort [me]
> deduco: deduce, lead, escort
> deducite
> deduco: deduce, lead, escort
> to escort [me]
> [through these] times
> tempus: time
> tempora
> tempus: time
> [through these] times
> [in my] song.
> carmen: song, poem
> carmen
> carmen: song, poem
> [in my] song.

> Metamorphoses 1.3

### In the beginning, before secrecy, there was only useless truth.

#### Metamorphoses 1.5

> Encrypted: Before intentional estrangement and false views and that covering all secrecy existed, only one thing was there for all of a man’s character’s appearance in the world, which was named “truth”.

> Official: Before the sea and the land and that covering all sky existed, only one thing was there for all of nature’s appearance in the world, which was named “chaos”.

> Before
> ante: before
> Ante
> ante: before
> Before
> [intentional] estrangement
> mirus / mire: miraculous, strange, surprising
> mare
> mare: sea
> the sea
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [false?] views [???]
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terras
> terra / terris: earth, land
> the land
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> that
> qui / quod: who, that
> quod
> qui / quod: who, that
> that
> covering
> tego: cover, hide, conceal
> tegit
> tego: cover, hide, conceal
> covering
> all
> omnis: all, the whole of
> omnia
> omnis: all, the whole of
> all
> secrecy [existed],
> callim: secretly; clam: secretly; celo / celem: conceal
> caelum
> caelum: sky, heaven
> sky [existed],
> [only] one [thing]
> unus: one, single, together
> unus
> unus: one, single, together
> [only] one [thing]
> was [there]
> sum / erat: be
> erat
> sum / erat: be
> was [there]
> [for] all
> totus: total, all, entire
> toto
> totus: total, all, entire
> [for] all
> of [a man’s] character’s
> natura: property, quality, character
> naturae
> natura: nature, world, substance
> of nature’s
> appearance
> vultus: face, looks, appearance
> vultus
> vultus: face, looks, appearance
> appearance
> in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> the world,
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> orbe
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> the world,
> which
> qui / quem: who, that
> quem
> qui / quem: who, that
> which
> was named
> dico: name, call
> dixere
> dico: name, call
> was named
> “truth”.
> χαιος chaios: genuine, true
> chaos
> χαος chaos: chaos
> “chaos”.

> Metamorphoses 1.5

#### Metamorphoses 1.7

> Encrypted: It was a rude and disordered pile of mass, which was not anything except useless weight, incompetently brought together in the same place, not well joined, discordantly planted matter.

> Official: It was a rude and disordered pile of mass, which was not anything except weight, incompetently brought together in the same place, not well joined, discordantly planted matter.

> [It was] a rude
> rudis: rude, rough, coarse
> rudis
> rudis: rude, rough, coarse
> [It was] a rude
> and disordered
> indigestus: undigested, disordered, confused
> indigestaque
> indigestus: undigested, disordered, confused
> and disordered
> pile of mass,
> moles: shapeless mass, pile
> moles
> moles: shapeless mass, pile
> pile of mass,
> [which was] not
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> [which was] not
> anything
> quisquam: anyone
> quicquam
> quisquam: anyone
> anything
> except
> nisi: if not, except
> nisi
> nisi: if not, except
> except
> [useless] weight,
> pondus: weight
> pondus
> pondus: weight
> weight,
> incompetently
> iners: inert, unskillful, incompetent
> iners
> iners: inert, unskillful, incompetent
> incompetently
> brought together
> congero: bring together, collect
> congestaque
> congero: bring together, collect
> brought together
> [in] the same [place],
> eodem: the same
> eodem
> eodem: the same
> [in] the same [place],
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> well
> bene: well
> bene
> bene: well
> well
> joined,
> iungo / iunctus: join
> iunctarum
> iungo / iunctus: join
> joined,
> discordantly
> discordia: discord, disagreement
> discordia
> discordia: discord, disagreement
> discordantly
> planted
> semino: plant, sow
> semina
> semino: plant, sow
> planted
> matter.
> res: thing, matter
> rerum
> res: thing, matter
> matter.

> Metamorphoses 1.7

### Before fraud & pretense were invented, the oppressed were unstable & unmanageable.

#### Metamorphoses 1.10

> Encrypted: Not yet any decoration was offered to be revealed to others as protection. Not yet as new came into being the invention of abusing the people’s reverence. Not yet was draped around and hung up for the masters all the trickery, by its influence balancing it all.

> Official: Not yet the world was offered illumination by the Titanic sun. Not yet as new came into being the self renewing horn of Phoebe the moon. Not yet was draped around and hung up into the sky the globe by the weight balanced of it.

> Not
> nullus: none
> nullus
> nullus: none
> Not
> yet
> adhuc: still, yet
> adhuc
> adhuc: still, yet
> yet
> [any] decoration
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundo
> mundus: world
> the world
> was offered
> praebeo: proffer, offer
> praebebat
> praebeo: proffer, offer
> was offered
> to be revealed [to others]
> lumino: reveal
> lumina
> lumino: illuminate
> illumination
> [as] protection.
> tuitio / tuitione: defense, guarding, protection
> Titan
> Titan: Titan
> [by] the Titanic [sun].
> Not
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> Not
> [yet as] new
> novus: new
> nova
> novus: new
> [yet as] new
> came into being
> cresco: come to be, rise
> crescendo
> cresco: come to be, rise
> came into being
> [the] invention
> reperio: perceive, invent
> reparabat
> reparo: repair, renew, revive
> [the self] renewing
> of abusing
> carino: abuse, revile, blame
> cornua
> cornu: horn
> horn
> [the people’s] reverence.
> φοβεω phobeō: stand in awe of, reverence, venerate
> Phoebe
> Φοιβε Phoibe: Phoebe, goddess of the moon; φοιβος phoibos: bright
> of Phoebe [the moon].
> Not [yet]
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> Not [yet]
> was draped around
> circumfusus: surrounded, draped around
> circumfuso
> circumfusus: surrounded, draped around
> was draped around
> [and] hung up
> pendeo: hang, hang down
> pendebat
> pendeo: hang, hang down
> [and] hung up
> for
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> the masters
> erus / ere: lord, master, owner
> aere
> aer / aere: air, sky
> the sky
> [all] the trickery,
> dolus: trickery, deceit, fraud
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> the globe
> [by its] influence
> pondus: importance, influence, authority
> ponderibus
> pondus: weight, balance
> [by] the weight
> balancing
> libro: balance, level
> librata
> libro: balance, level
> balanced
> it [all].
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> suis
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> of it.

> Metamorphoses 1.10

#### Metamorphoses 1.13

> Encrypted: Not her arms long unto the margins of the world had spread out this all-around protection. When only truth and direct force were there, and openness and authority.

> Official: Not her arms long at the margins of the land had spread out Poseidon’s wife Amphitrite. When only air and earth were there, and sea and ether.

> Not
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> Not
> [her] arms
> brachium: arm
> bracchia
> brachium: arm
> [her] arms
> long
> longus: long
> longo
> longus: long
> long
> [unto] the margins
> margo: margin, edge
> margine
> margo: margin, edge
> [at] the margins
> of the world
> terra / terram: earth, land, world
> terrarum
> terra / terram: earth, land, world
> of the land
> had spread out
> porrigo: spread out, extend
> porrexerat
> porrigo: spread out, extend
> had spread out
> [this all-]around protection [?].
> αμφι amphi: around; τηρεω / τηρειτε tēreō / tēreite: protect
> Amphitrite
> Αμφιτριτε Amphitrite: Amphitrite
> [Poseidon’s wife] Amphitrite.
> When
> ut: where, when
> utque
> ut: where, when
> When
> [only?] truth
> verum / vera: truth, fact, reality
> aer
> aer / aerum: air, sky
> [only?] air
> [and direct] force [??]
> duellum / duellis: duel, war, military force
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> [and] earth
> [were?] there,
> illic: there
> illic
> illic: there
> [were?] there,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> openness [??]
> patens: open, exposed
> pontus
> pontus: sea
> sea
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> authority.
> auctor: authority
> aether
> aether: ether, upper air, sky
> ether.

> Metamorphoses 1.13

#### Metamorphoses 1.16

> Encrypted: Thus was unstable the world, unmanageable the crowds, fraud still lacked the lords.

> Official: Thus was unstable the earth, no one could swim in the waves, brightness still lacked the sky.

> Thus
> sic: thus
> Sic
> sic: thus
> Thus
> was
> sum / erat: be
> erat
> sum / erat: be
> was
> unstable
> instabilis: unstable, inconstant
> instabilis
> instabilis: unstable, inconstant
> unstable
> the world,
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> the earth,
> unmanageable
> inhabilis: difficult to handle, unmanageable
> innabilis
> innabilis: that cannot be swum in
> no [one could] swim
> the crowds,
> unda: crowd, throng
> unda
> unda: wave
> [in] the waves,
> fraud
> lacio: entice, ensnare, defraud
> lucis
> luceo: shine, bright, visible
> brightness
> [still] lacked
> egeo: need, want, lack
> egens
> egeo: need, want, lack
> [still] lacked
> the lords.
> erus / eri: lord, master, owner
> aer
> aer / aeri: air, sky
> the sky.

> Metamorphoses 1.16

#### Metamorphoses 1.17

> Encrypted: Nothing had yet its form pretended, so in opposition was always the one class with the other, because the true self was always in one’s public form:

> Official: Nothing had yet its form lasting, in opposition was always one with the other, because the bodies were all in one:

> Nothing
> nullus: none
> nulli
> nullus: none
> Nothing
> [had yet] its
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> [had yet] its
> form
> forma: form, figure, appearance
> forma
> forma: form, figure, appearance
> form
> pretended,
> mentior / mentiebatur: cheat, deceive, pretend, feign
> manebat
> maneo / manetor / manebatur: continue, endure, last
> lasting,
> [so in] opposition
> obsto: oppose, stand before
> obstabatque
> obsto: oppose, stand before
> [in] opposition
> [was always] the one [class]
> alius: one, other, another
> aliis
> alius: one, other, another
> [was always] one
> [with] the other,
> alius: one, other, another
> aliud
> alius: one, other, another
> [with] the other,
> because
> quia: because
> quia
> quia: because
> because
> the [true] self
> corpus: self, individual, person
> corpore
> corpus: body
> the bodies
> [was always] in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> [were all] in
> one[’s public form]:
> uno: one
> uno
> uno: one
> one:

> Metamorphoses 1.17

#### Metamorphoses 1.19

> Encrypted: Cold hearted leadership methods were conflicting with warm hearted ones, likeable ones with firm ones, soft ones with harsh ones, those without using authority with those who had authority.

> Official: Cold elements fought with warm ones, wet ones with dry ones, soft ones with hard ones, those without weight with those who had weight.

> Cold [hearted leadership methods?]
> frigidus: frigid, cold, cool
> frigida
> frigidus: frigid, cold, cool
> Cold [elements]
> were conflicting with
> pugno: conflict, disagree, oppose, contradict
> pugnabant
> pugno: fight, combat, conflict
> fought with
> warm [hearted ones],
> calidus: warm, hot
> calidis
> calidus: warm, hot
> warm [ones],
> likeable [ones??]
> amo: love, like
> umentia
> umeo: moist, wet
> wet [ones]
> [with] firm [ones],
> siccus: firm, solid
> siccis
> siccus: dry
> [with] dry [ones],
> soft [ones]
> mollis: soft, gentle, mild, pleasant
> mollia
> mollis: soft, gentle, mild, pleasant
> soft [ones]
> with
> cum: with
> cum
> cum: with
> with
> harsh [ones],
> durus: durable, hard, harsh
> duris
> durus: durable, hard, harsh
> hard [ones],
> [those] without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> [those] without
> [using?] authority
> pondus: authority
> pondere
> pondus: weight
> weight
> [with those who] had
> habeo: have, hold, possess
> habentia
> habeo: have, hold, possess
> [with those who] had
> authority.
> pondus: authority
> pondus
> pondus: weight
> weight.

> Metamorphoses 1.19

### So the nobles separarate the truth from what’s shown to the subjects.

#### Metamorphoses 1.21

> Encrypted: Here, the distinguished ones and the ones of better standing overlaid nature to separate all these things: For instance, those at the summit from their outer view, and this view was separated for the crowds. And what was evident to the crowded masses was separated from the truth about those at the summit.

> Official: Here, the god and the good struggling nature separated all these things: For instance, the sky from land, and the land he separated from the waves. And the liquids of the compact masses were separated from the air of the sky.

> Here,
> hic / hanc: this, here
> Hanc
> hic / hanc: this, here
> Here,
> the distinguished [ones]
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> deus
> deus: god; divus: god
> the god
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [the ones of] better standing
> bonus / melior: better people, higher classes of society, gentleman
> melior
> bonus / melior: good
> the good
> overlaid
> lino / litum: besmear, cover, overlay
> litem
> lis / litem: contention, strife, quarrel
> struggling
> nature
> natura: nature
> natura
> natura: nature
> nature
> to separate [all these things]:
> dirimo: divide, separate
> diremit
> dirimo: divide, separate
> separated [all these things]:
> For instance,
> nam: for, for instance
> Nam
> nam: for, for instance
> For instance,
> [those at] the summit [?]
> caelum: summit
> caelo
> caelum: sky, heaven
> the sky
> [from their outer?] view [?],
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terras
> terra / terris: earth, land
> [from] land,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [this] view
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terris
> terra / terris: earth, land
> the land
> was separated
> abscindo: divide, separate
> abscidit
> abscindo: divide, separate
> [he] separated
> [for?] the crowds.
> unda: crowd, throng
> undas
> unda: wave
> [from] the waves.
> And
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> And
> [what] was evident
> liquidus: clear, evident, certain
> liquidum
> liquidus: liquid, smooth
> the liquids
> [to] the crowded [masses]
> spissus: dense, crowded
> spisso
> spissus: thick, compact
> of the compact [masses]
> was separated
> secerno / secrevi: separate
> secrevit
> secerno / secrevi: separate
> were separated
> from
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> from
> the truth
> verus / vere: true, real
> aere
> aer / aere: air, sky
> the air
> [about those at] the summit.
> caelum: summit
> caelum
> caelum: sky, heaven
> of the sky.

> Metamorphoses 1.21

#### Metamorphoses 1.24

> Encrypted: Which after they were unfolded into a deception and extricated from the heap, disjoined from one another into their places in harmonious peace they were bound.

> Official: Which after they were unfolded from the confusion and extricated from the heap, disjoined from one another into their places in harmonious peace they were bound.

> Which
> qui / quae: who, that
> Quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> Which
> after
> postquam: after
> postquam
> postquam: after
> after
> [they] were unfolded
> evolvo: unroll, unfold, disclose
> evolvit
> evolvo: unroll, unfold, disclose
> [they] were unfolded
> [into?] a deception
> caeco: obscure, hide, deceive; -que: and
> caecoque
> caeco: blind, confuse; -que: and
> [from] the confusion
> and extricated
> eximo: extract, remove
> exemit
> eximo: extract, remove
> and extricated
> [from] the heap,
> acervus: mass, pile, heap
> acervo
> acervus: mass, pile, heap
> [from] the heap,
> disjoined [from one another]
> dissocio: disjoin, separate
> dissociata
> dissocio: disjoin, separate
> disjoined [from one another]
> [into] their places
> locus: place, spot
> locis
> locus: place, spot
> [into] their places
> [in] harmonious
> concordo: harmonize, in agreement
> concordi
> concordo: harmonize, in agreement
> [in] harmonious
> peace
> pax: peace, agreement
> pace
> pax: peace, agreement
> peace
> [they] were bound.
> ligo: tie, bind, bandage
> ligavit
> ligo: tie, bind, bandage
> [they] were bound.

> Metamorphoses 1.24

### Society is separated into the ruling nobles, military for oppression, and commoners.

#### Metamorphoses 1.26

> Encrypted: Of noble birth, oppressive, mighty and without burdens, those at the summit sprang forth to the highest place, for themselves fashioning it in this protection.

> Official: Fiery, convex, mighty and yet without weight, the sky sprang forth to the highest place, for himself fashioning it in this citadel.

> Of noble birth,
> eugeneus: well-born, noble, generous
> Ignea
> igneus: fiery, burning
> Fiery,
> oppressive [??],
> convexo: push against, press together
> convexi
> convexus: convex, concave, rounded
> convex,
> mighty
> vis: power, force, might
> vis
> vis: power, force, might
> mighty
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and [yet?]
> without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> without
> burdens,
> pondus: weight, burden, impediment
> pondere
> pondus: weight, burden, impediment
> weight,
> [those at] the summit
> caelum: summit
> caeli
> caelum: sky, heaven
> [the] sky
> sprang forth
> emico: leap out, spring forth
> emicuit
> emico: leap out, spring forth
> sprang forth
> [to] the highest
> summa: summit, top
> summaque
> summa: summit, top
> [to] the highest
> place,
> locus: place, spot
> locum
> locus: place, spot
> place,
> [for] themselves
> sui / sibi: himself
> sibi
> sui / sibi: himself
> [for] himself
> fashioning
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> fecit
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> fashioning
> [it] in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> [it] in
> [this] protection.
> arx / arce: defense, protection
> arce
> arx / arce: castle, citadel, fortress
> [this] citadel.

> Metamorphoses 1.26

#### Metamorphoses 1.28

> Encrypted: The next were the lower lords to be put to that smoothness and in place.

> Official: The next was air to be put to that lightness and in place.

> The next
> proximus: next
> proximus
> proximus: next
> The next
> were
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> was
> the [lower?] lords [??]
> erus / ere: lord, master, owner
> aer
> aer / aere: air, sky
> air
> [to be put to] that
> ille: that
> illi
> ille: that
> [to be put to] that
> smoothness
> levitas: shallowness, smoothness
> levitate
> levitas: levity, lightness
> lightness
> and [in] place.
> locus: place, spot
> locoque
> locus: place, spot
> and [in] place.

> Metamorphoses 1.28

#### Metamorphoses 1.29

> Encrypted: Denser than these was the military, the elements of strength, dragging along and oppressing was it by the violence of itself.

> Official: Denser than these was the earth, the elements great, dragged along and pressed was it by the weight of itself.

> Denser
> densus: dense, thick, solid
> densior
> densus: dense, thick, solid
> Denser
> [than] these
> hic / his: this, here
> his
> hic / his: this, here
> [than] these
> [was] the military [???],
> duellum / duellis: duel, war, military force
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> [was] the earth,
> the elements
> elementum: element, origin, first principle
> elementaque
> elementum: element, origin, first principle
> the elements
> of strength,
> grandis: strong, powerful
> grandia
> grandis: great, large
> great,
> dragging along
> traho: draw, drag
> traxit
> traho: draw, drag
> dragged along
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> oppressing
> premo / pressus: repress, oppress, overwhelm
> pressa
> premo / pressus: press, compress
> pressed
> was [it]
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> was [it]
> [by] the violence
> gravitas: oppressiveness, violence
> gravitate
> gravitas: gravity, weight
> [by] the weight
> of itself.
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> of itself.

> Metamorphoses 1.29

#### Metamorphoses 1.30

> Encrypted: Crowding around it all, the commoners the last spot possessed, and completed the repressive circle.

> Official: Flowing around it, the water the last spot possessed, and completed the enclosed globe.

> Crowding around [it all],
> circumfluo: crowd around, flock around
> circumfluus
> circumfluo: flow around
> Flowing around [it],
> the commoners
> humus / humorum: ground, low, mean, common
> umor
> humor / humorum: humour, liquid, fluid
> the water
> the last [spot]
> ultimus: ultimate, last, final
> ultima
> ultimus: ultimate, last, final
> the last [spot]
> possessed,
> possideo: possess, hold
> possedit
> possideo: possess, hold
> possessed,
> [and] completed
> solidus: solid, whole, complete
> solidumque
> solidus: solid, whole, complete
> [and] completed
> the repressive [?]
> coerceo: repress, restrain, limit, control
> coercuit
> coerceo: enclose, confine
> the enclosed
> circle [?].
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> orbem
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> globe.

> Metamorphoses 1.30

#### Metamorphoses 1.32

> Encrypted: Thus when this was arranged, whoever were the ones of the distinguished ones who the masses divided, they would divide them into divisions to reduce their power.

> Official: Thus when this was arranged, whoever were the ones of the gods who the heap divided, they would divide it into members by reduction.

> Thus
> sic: thus
> Sic
> sic: thus
> Thus
> when
> ubi: where
> ubi
> ubi: where
> when
> [this] was arranged,
> dispono: dispose, arrange
> dispositam
> dispono: dispose, arrange
> [this] was arranged,
> whoever
> quisquis: whoever
> quisquis
> quisquis: whoever
> whoever
> were
> sum / fuit: be
> fuit
> sum / fuit: be
> were
> the [ones]
> ille: that
> ille
> ille: that
> the [ones]
> of the distinguished [ones]
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> deorum
> deus: god; divus: god
> of the gods
> [who] the masses
> congeries: mass; congero: crowd together
> congeriem
> congeries: heap, pile
> [who] the heap
> divided,
> seco: cut, divide
> secuit
> seco: cut, divide
> divided,
> [they would] divide [them]
> seco: cut, divide; -que: and
> sectamque
> seco: cut, divide; -que: and
> [they would] divide [it]
> into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> divisions
> membrum: section, portion, division
> membra
> membrum: member, limb
> members
> to reduce [their power?].
> redigo: drive back
> redegit
> redigo: reduce
> [by] reduction.

> Metamorphoses 1.32

### Rulers divide territories into nations, then crush the subjects with military & secret agents.

#### Metamorphoses 1.34

> Encrypted: In the beginning into regions lest not uniform from every part they might otherwise be, and for the greater pretext they would collect them into a national territory.

> Official: In the beginning the earth, lest not equal of every part it might otherwise be, its great form they would collect into a globe.

> [In] the beginning
> principium: beginning
> principio
> principium: beginning
> [In] the beginning
> [into] regions [???]
> terra / terris: country, region
> terram
> terra / terris: earth, land
> the earth,
> lest
> ne: not
> ne
> ne: not
> lest
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> uniform
> aequalis: equal, similar, uniform
> aequalis
> aequalis: equal, similar, uniform
> equal
> from
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> of
> every
> omnis: all, every
> omni
> omnis: all, every
> every
> part
> pars: part, piece
> parte
> pars: part, piece
> part
> [they might otherwise] be,
> sum / foret: be
> foret
> sum / foret: be
> [it might otherwise] be,
> [and for] the greater
> magnus: great, large
> magni
> magnus: great, large
> [its] great
> pretext
> species: show, pretence, pretext
> speciem
> species: form, figure
> form
> [they would] collect [them]
> glomero: amass, collect
> glomeravit
> glomero: amass, collect
> [they would] collect
> into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> a [national?] territory [??].
> orbis: territory
> orbis
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> a globe.

> Metamorphoses 1.34

#### Metamorphoses 1.36

> Encrypted: Then any strong individuals to scatter with rapid violence hunters were ordered, and to surround and enclose the unwashed masses of the whole country.

> Official: Then the seas to diffuse with rapid swelling winds were ordered, and to have them surround and enclose the shores of the whole earth.

> Then
> tum: then, next
> Tum
> tum: then, next
> Then
> [any] strong [individuals]
> fretum / fretis: raging, violence; fortis / fortium: strong, powerful
> freta
> fretum / fretis: sea
> the seas
> to scatter
> diffundo: diffuse, scatter
> diffudit
> diffundo: diffuse, scatter
> to diffuse
> [with] rapid
> rapidus: rapid, swift; -que: and
> rapidisque
> rapidus: rapid, swift; -que: and
> [with] rapid
> violence [???]
> tumesco: puffed up with pride, excited, violent
> tumescere
> tumesco: swell
> swelling
> hunters
> venatus: hunting, hunt
> ventis
> ventus: wind
> winds
> were ordered,
> iubeo: order, appoint
> iussit
> iubeo: order, appoint
> were ordered,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> to surround
> ambio: encircle, surround
> ambitae
> ambio: encircle, surround
> [to have them?] surround
> [and] enclose
> circumdo: envelop, surround, enclose
> circumdare
> circumdo: envelop, surround, enclose
> [and] enclose
> the unwashed [masses??]
> illutus: unwashed
> litora
> litus: shore, coast
> the shores
> of the [whole] country.
> terra / terris: country, region
> terrae
> terra / terris: earth, land
> of the [whole] earth.

> Metamorphoses 1.36

#### Metamorphoses 1.38

> Encrypted: Inserted were also secret agents and investigators innumerable, and chosen men and attendants, covertly girded as various commoners, who in diverse places were partly absorbed by the populace itself.

> Official: Added were also fountains, and standing pools immense, and lakes and rivers, obliquely girded with declining banks, that in diverse places were partly absorbed by the earth itself.

> Inserted were
> addo: add, insert
> Addidit
> addo: add, insert
> Added were
> also
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> also
> secret [agents???]
> furtum / furtis: secretly, by stealth
> fontes
> fons / fontis: fountain, spring
> fountains,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> investigators [???]
> vestigo / vestīgandum: investigate
> stagna
> stagnum / stagna: standing water, pool
> standing [pools?]
> innumerable,
> immensus: innumerable
> inmensa
> immensus: immense, vast
> immense,
> and chosen [men??]
> lectus: chosen, selected, picked men; -que: and
> lacusque
> lacus: lake, pond; -que: and
> and lakes
> and attendants,
> famulus / famuli: servant, attendant
> fluminaque
> flumen / flumini: river; -que: and
> and rivers,
> covertly
> obliquus: oblique, covert
> obliquis
> obliquus: oblique, covert
> obliquely
> girded
> cingo: surround, enclose, gird on
> cinxit
> cingo: surround, enclose, gird on
> girded
> [as] various
> declino: decline, vary, different
> declivia
> declivis: inclining downwards, sloping
> [with] declining
> commoners,
> repo: creep, low, common, mean
> ripis
> ripa: bank, shore
> banks,
> who
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> that
> in diverse
> diversus: diverse, different
> diversa
> diversus: diverse, different
> in diverse
> places
> locus: place, spot
> locis
> locus: place, spot
> places
> were partly
> partim: partly
> partim
> partim: partly
> were partly
> absorbed
> sorbeo: absorb
> sorbentur
> sorbeo: absorb
> absorbed
> by
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> by
> [the populace] itself.
> ipse: self
> ipsa
> ipse: self
> [the earth] itself.

> Metamorphoses 1.38

#### Metamorphoses 1.41

> Encrypted: Into the common men they reach in their role as actors, and by this comparison are received as free equals, when as commoners and unwashed subjects they move about.

> Official: Into the sea they come partly, and by this plain are allowed to flow as free water, instead of inside banks and shores to pulsate.

> Into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> Into
> the [common?] men
> mas / maria: man, manly
> mare
> mare: sea
> the sea
> [they] reach
> pervenio: come to, arrive, reach
> perveniunt
> pervenio: come to, arrive, reach
> [they] come
> [in their] role as actors,
> pars: part in theater, role (of actor)
> partim
> pars: part, piece, portion
> partly,
> and [by this] comparison
> compono: compare; -que: and
> campoque
> campus / campo: plain, field; -que: and
> and [by this] plain
> are received
> recipio: receive, accept, admit, allow
> recepta
> recipio: receive, accept, admit, allow
> are allowed
> [as] free
> liber: free, unchecked
> liberioris
> liber: free, unchecked
> [to flow as?] free
> equals,
> aequo: equal, compare
> aquae
> aqua: water
> water,
> [when] as
> pro: as, like
> pro
> pro: for, instead of
> instead of
> commoners
> repo: creep, low, common, mean
> ripis
> ripa: bank, shore
> [inside] banks
> and unwashed [subjects]
> illutus: unwashed
> litora
> litus: shore, coast
> [and] shores
> [they] move [about].
> pulso: move, agitate, accuse
> pulsant
> pulso: pulsate
> to pulsate.

> Metamorphoses 1.41

### Each ruler gets disguises, 2 official-looking and 2 unofficial ones.

#### Metamorphoses 1.43

> Encrypted: They would command also to have smooth adornments, well established veils, to have false fronts cover the privileged people, and to have these elegant people be elevated over the masses.

> Official: They would command also to have extended plains, sunken valleys, to have foliage cover the forests, and to have stony rising mountains.

> [They would] command
> iubeo: order, command
> Iussit
> iubeo: order, command
> [They would] command
> also
> et: and, also
> et
> et: and, also
> also
> [to have] smooth
> extendo: make smooth, smooth out
> extendi
> extendo: extend, stretch out
> [to have] extended
> adornments [??],
> como / comptus: adorn, embellish
> campos
> campus: plain, field
> plains,
> [well] established
> subsido: settle, establish
> subsidere
> subsido: subside, sink
> sunken
> veils,
> velo / veles: veil, cover, conceal
> valles
> vallis / valles: valley
> valleys,
> [to have false] fronts
> frons / frontis: face, front, look
> fronde
> frons / frondis: frond, foliage
> [to have] foliage
> cover
> tego: cover, protect, hide
> tegi
> tego: cover, protect, hide
> cover
> the privileged [people],
> solvo: absolve, exempt from laws, by privilege
> silvas
> silva: forest, wood
> the forests,
> [and to have these] elegant [people]
> lepidus: fine, elegant
> lapidosos
> lapideus: stony
> [and to have] stony
> be elevated [over]
> surgo: rise, raise, elevate
> surgere
> surgo: rise, raise, elevate
> rising
> the masses.
> mons / montis: mass, great quantity
> montes
> mons / montis: mountain
> mountains.

> Metamorphoses 1.43

#### Metamorphoses 1.45

> Encrypted: And as two proper roles for each at the summit and as many improper roles they divided into such protective belts.

> Official: And as two parts on the right side of the sky and as many on the left parts he divided into such zones.

> And as
> utque: as much as, even, if only, when
> Utque
> utque: as much as, even, if only, when
> And as
> two
> duo: two
> duae
> duo: two
> two [parts]
> proper [roles]
> dexter: proper
> dextra
> dexter: right
> on the right side
> [for each at] the summit
> caelum: summit
> caelum
> caelum: sky, heaven
> of the sky
> and as many
> totidem: as many
> totidemque
> totidem: as many
> and as many
> improper
> sinister: improper
> sinistra
> sinister: left
> on the left
> roles
> pars: part in theater, role (of actor)
> parte
> pars: part, piece, portion
> parts
> [they] divided
> seco: cut, divide
> secant
> seco: cut, divide
> [he] divided
> [into such protective] belts.
> zona: belt, girdle
> zonae
> zona: zone
> [into such] zones.

> Metamorphoses 1.45

### Brutality works better than kindness, and deception better than regular oppression.

#### Metamorphoses 1.46

> Encrypted: The multitudes are more poor than that upper class, so the troubles of imprisoning that number of people were decorated away with the same care by the distinguished ones, as many misfortunes onto the world’s people they forced.

> Official: The fifth is more fiery than that, so the earth’s load included by this number was divided with the same care by the gods, as many regions on the world were impressed.

> The multitudes
> quantitas: quantity, multitude
> quinta
> quintus: fifth
> The fifth
> are
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> is
> [more] poor
> ardus: poor
> ardentior
> ardeo: burn, on fire
> [more] fiery
> [than] that [upper class],
> ille: that
> illis
> ille: that
> [than] that,
> so
> sic: thus
> sic
> sic: thus
> so
> the troubles
> onus: burden, trouble
> onus
> onus: weight, load
> the [earth’s] load
> of imprisoning
> includo: imprison, restrain
> inclusum
> includo: include, enclose
> included
> [that] number [of people?]
> numero: number, count
> numero
> numero: number, count
> [by this] number
> were decorated [away?]
> distinguo: adorn, decorate
> distinxit
> distinguo: separate, divide, part
> was divided
> [with] the same
> eodem: the same
> eodem
> eodem: the same
> [with] the same
> care
> cura: care, concern, task
> cura
> cura: care, concern, task
> care
> [by] the distinguished [ones],
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> dei
> deus: god; divus: god
> [by] the gods,
> as many
> totidem: as many; -que: and
> totidemque
> totidem: as many; -que: and
> as many
> misfortunes
> plaga: affliction, misfortune
> plagae
> plaga: region, zone
> regions
> [onto] the world’s [people]
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> tellure
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> [on] the world
> [they] forced.
> premo: repress, oppress, force
> premuntur
> premo: press, compress
> were impressed.

> Metamorphoses 1.46

#### Metamorphoses 1.49

> Encrypted: Of which those misfortunes which public are, not are those manageable with tricks alone.

> Official: Of which that region which in the middle is, not is it habitable from heat.

> Of which
> qui / quarum: who, what
> Quarum
> qui / quarum: who, what
> Of which
> those [misfortunes which]
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> that [region which]
> public
> medius: public, common
> media
> medius: middle
> [in] the middle
> are,
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> is,
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> are [those]
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> is [it]
> manageable
> habeo: hold, reason, manage
> habitabilis
> habitabilis: habitable
> habitable
> [with] tricks [alone].
> astus: craft, guile, trick
> aestu
> aestus: heat, fire
> [from] heat.

> Metamorphoses 1.49

#### Metamorphoses 1.51

> Encrypted: Punishments protect more profoundly than the other two, so just as many among each crowd were placed, and governing was produced by mixing with regular subduing all the veiling.

> Official: Snow covers deeply the other two, so just as many between each extremes were placed, and tempered climate was produced by mixing with coldness their flame.

> Punishments
> noxa: hurt, harm, injury, punishment
> nix
> nix: snow
> Snow
> protect
> tego: protect, defend, hide
> tegit
> tego: cover
> covers
> [more] profoundly
> altus: profound
> alta
> altus: high, deep
> deeply
> [than the other] two,
> duo: two
> duas
> duo: two
> [the other] two,
> [so just] as many
> totidem: as many
> totidem
> totidem: as many
> [so just] as many
> among
> inter: between, among
> inter
> inter: between, among
> between
> each [crowd?]
> uter: each; -que: and
> utrumque
> uter: each; -que: and
> each [extremes?]
> were placed,
> loco: put, place
> locavit
> loco: put, place
> were placed,
> and governing
> tempero: rule, govern, manage; -que: and
> temperiemque
> tempero: temper, make mild; -que: and
> and tempered [climate]
> was produced
> do: give, produce
> dedit
> do: give, produce
> was produced
> [by] mixing
> misceo: confound, stir up
> mixta
> misceo: mix, mingle
> [by] mixing
> with
> cum: with, because
> cum
> cum: with, because
> with
> [regular] subduing
> frango / fregero: break, crush, dishearten, subdue
> frigore
> frigor / frigore: cold
> coldness
> [all] the veiling [??].
> flammeum: flame colored (bridal) veil
> flamma
> flamma: flame, blaze
> [their] flame.

> Metamorphoses 1.51

#### Metamorphoses 1.52

> Encrypted: Hanging over all these is general deception, which as much as it is more important by terror to exercise authority than by kindness, easier just as much is deception than regular oppression of the poor.

> Official: Hanging over all these is the air, which as much as is heavier the earth’s weight than water, lighter just as much is air than the heaviness of fire.

> Hanging over
> immineo: overhang, imminent
> Inminet
> immineo: overhang, imminent
> Hanging over
> [all] these
> hic / his: this, here
> his
> hic / his: this, here
> [all] these
> [is general] deception,
> error: error, deception
> aer
> aer / aeri: air, sky
> [is] the air,
> which
> qui: who, what
> Qui
> qui: who, what
> which
> as much
> quanto: how much
> quanto
> quanto: how much
> as much
> [as it] is
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> [as] is
> more important
> pondus: importance, influence, authority
> pondere
> pondus: weight
> heavier
> [by] terror
> terror: terror, dread, fear
> terrae
> terra: earth
> the earth’s
> [to exercise] authority
> pondus: importance, influence, authority
> pondere
> pondus: weight
> weight
> [than by] kindness,
> aequus: just, kind, fair
> aquae
> aqua: water
> [than] water,
> easier
> levis: smooth, easy
> levior
> levis: light, plain
> lighter
> [just] as much
> tantum: so much
> tanto
> tantum: so much
> [just] as much
> is [deception than]
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> is [air than]
> [regular] oppression
> onerosus: onerous, oppressive
> onerosior
> onerosus: heavy
> the heaviness
> of the poor.
> egens: needy, poor
> igni
> ignis: fire
> of fire.

> Metamorphoses 1.52

### For official nobility, a flashy appearance impresses the subjects.

#### Metamorphoses 1.54

> Encrypted: There was also official nobility, being there to be made respected by the multitudes it would be designated, and for common mortals to move with thunderous pomp their minds, and with flashy appearances to produce excitement to come up.

> Official: There were also mists, being there to stop the clouds he would command them, and for the humans to move with thunder their minds, and with flashes to produce lightning to come up.

> There [was]
> illic: there
> Illic
> illic: there
> There [were]
> also
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> also
> [official] nobility,
> nobilis: noble, aristocratic
> nebulas
> nebula / nebulas: mist, vapor, fog, smoke, exhalation
> mists,
> [being] there
> illic: there
> illic
> illic: there
> [being] there
> to be made respected
> conesto: honor, pay respect to, make respectable
> consistere
> consisto: stop, halt, cease
> to stop
> [by] the multitudes
> nubes: swarm, multitude
> nubes
> nubes: cloud, mist
> the clouds
> [it would] be designated,
> iubeo: designate, appoint, assign
> iussit
> iubeo: order, command
> [he would] command [them],
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [for common] mortals
> humanus: human, mortal
> humanas
> humanus: human, mortal
> [for] the humans
> to move
> moveo / moturus: disturb, agitate
> motura
> moveo / moturus: set in motion
> to move
> with thunderous [pomp]
> tono / tonitus: speak thunderous tones
> tonitrua
> tonitrus: thunder; tono / tonitus: thunder
> [with] thunder
> [their] minds,
> mens: mind, reason
> mentes
> mens: mind, reason
> [their] minds,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> with
> cum: with, because
> cum
> cum: with, because
> with
> flashy [appearances]
> fulmen: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
> fulminibus
> fulmen: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
> flashes
> to produce
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> facientes
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> to produce
> excitement
> flagro: inflamed, excited
> fulgura
> fulgur: lightning
> lightning
> to come up.
> venio: come
> ventos
> venio: come
> to come up.

> Metamorphoses 1.54

#### Metamorphoses 1.57

> Encrypted: With these techniques also not everywhere did the decoration’s creators have them for the masters permitted:

> Official: With these winds also not everywhere did the world’s creator have them in the air permitted:

> [With] these [techniques??]
> hic / his: this, here
> His
> hic / his: this, here
> [With] these [winds??]
> also
> quoque: also, too
> quoque
> quoque: also, too
> also
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> everywhere
> passim: everywhere
> passim
> passim: everywhere
> everywhere
> [did] the decoration’s
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundi
> mundus: world
> [did] the world’s
> creators
> fabricator: forger, artificer
> fabricator
> fabricator: maker
> creator
> have [them?]
> habeo: have, hold, manage
> habendum
> habeo: have, hold, manage
> have [them?]
> [for?] the masters
> erus / ere: lord, master, owner
> aera
> aer / aere: air, sky
> [in?] the air
> permitted:
> permitto: permit, allow
> permisit
> permitto: permit, allow
> permitted:

> Metamorphoses 1.57

#### Metamorphoses 1.58

> Encrypted: Hardly even now can anyone withstand those techniques, because of them each one must rule a different kind of subject to be handled, so that not they tear apart the decoration. So great is the discord of these brothers.

> Official: Hardly even now can anyone withstand those winds, because of them each one must rule in a different breeze pulling the air, so that not they tear apart the world. So great is the discord of these brothers.

> Hardly
> vix: hardly, barely
> vix
> vix: hardly, barely
> Hardly
> [even] now
> nunc: now, at present
> nunc
> nunc: now, at present
> [even] now
> [can anyone] withstand
> obsisto: oppose, resist, withstand
> obsistitur
> obsisto: oppose, resist, withstand
> [can anyone] withstand
> those [techniques?],
> ille: that
> illis
> ille: that
> those [winds?],
> because
> cum: with, because
> cum
> cum: with, because
> because
> of them
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: his, theirs
> of them
> each one
> quisque: each one, anyone
> quisque
> quisque: each one, anyone
> each one
> [must] rule
> rego: rule, guide, manage
> regant
> rego: rule, guide, manage
> [must] rule
> a different
> diverso: diverse, different
> diverso
> diverso: diverse, different
> [in] a different
> [kind of] subject
> famulus / famulum: servant, slave, subject
> flamina
> flamen / flaminem: wind, breeze
> breeze
> to be handled,
> tracto: handle, manage
> tractu
> tracto: draw, haul, pull
> pulling [the air?],
> [so] that not
> quin: without, that not
> quin
> quin: without, that not
> [so] that not
> [they] tear apart
> lanio: tear, pull to pieces
> lanient
> lanio: tear, pull to pieces
> [they] tear apart
> the decoration.
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundum
> mundus: world
> the world.
> So great
> tantum: so much
> tanta
> tantum: so much
> So great
> is
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> is
> the discord
> discordia: discord, dissension
> discordia
> discordia: discord, dissension
> the discord
> of [these] brothers.
> frater: brother
> fratrum
> frater: brother
> of [these] brothers.

> Metamorphoses 1.58

### Violence rules the stubborn, oppression the weak, nonsense the wise, hoaxing the opposition.

#### Metamorphoses 1.61

> Encrypted: The most violent way to only the lowest citizens and the fighting multitudes to rule only them it was retired, and the lower subjects and the rude ones that to the yoke have to be subjected by scaring them.

> Official: The southeast wind to Aurora and Nabatea to rule only them he was retired, and Persis and the rays that the mountain summits are subjected to in the early morning.

> The [most] violent [way]
> ira / iras: ire, violence, wrath
> Eurus
> eurus: southeast wind
> The southeast wind
> to [only]
> ad: at, to, toward
> ad
> ad: at, to, toward
> to
> the lowest citizens
> aerarius: lowest class citizen
> Auroram
> Aurora: Aurora, East, dawn
> Aurora
> and the fighting multitudes [??]
> nubes / nube: multitude; battuo: fight
> Nabataeaque
> Nabatea: Nabatea; -que: and
> and Nabatea
> to rule [only them]
> regno: reign, rule
> regna
> regno: reign, rule
> to rule [only them]
> [it] was retired,
> recedo: recede, retire, withdraw
> recessit
> recedo: recede, retire, withdraw
> [he] was retired,
> and the lower [subjects]
> premo / pressis: oppress, humble, lower
> Persidaque
> Persis: Persis; -que: and
> and Persis
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> the rude [ones]
> raudus: rough piece, rude mass; rudis: rude
> radiis
> radius: ray
> the rays
> [that to?] the yoke
> iugum: yoke
> iuga
> iugum: summit
> [that the mountain?] summits [??]
> [have to?] be subjected
> subditus: subjected, subdued
> subdita
> subditus: subjected, subdued
> are subjected to
> [by?] scaring [them?].
> metuens / metuentis: frightened, afraid, scared
> matutinis
> matutinus / matutinis: early, of the morning
> [in] the early morning.

> Metamorphoses 1.61

#### Metamorphoses 1.63

> Encrypted: Those coarse subjects and of the weak those more or less happy ones that when left alone are tepid, the nearest way is regular subduing.

> Official: The evening star and of the west those shores that by the sun are warmed, the nearest are to the west wind.

> [Those] coarse [subjects]
> asper: rough, coarse, harsh
> vesper
> vesper: evening, west
> The evening star
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> of the weak
> accido: weaken, overthrow
> occiduo
> occiduus: setting, westerly
> of the west
> those
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> those
> [more or less?] happy [ones]
> laetus: happy, glad
> litora
> litus: shore, coast
> shores
> [that when left??] alone [??]
> solus / sole: sole, alone
> sole
> sol / sole: sun
> [that by] the sun
> are tepid,
> tepesco: become tepid, cool off
> tepescunt
> tepesco: grow warm
> are warmed,
> the nearest [way]
> proximus: nearest, next
> proxima
> proximus: nearest, next
> the nearest
> is
> sum / sunt: be
> sunt
> sum / sunt: be
> are
> [regular] subduing.
> supero / superas: superior, subdue
> Zephyro
> zephyrus: west wind, zephyr
> to the west wind.

> Metamorphoses 1.63

#### Metamorphoses 1.64

> Encrypted: The knowledgeable and the wise ones are horribly possessed by intellectual nonsense.

> Official: Scythia and the north chilling were invaded by the north wind.

> The knowledgeable
> scitus / scitam: knowing; scio / scitum: knowing, wisely
> Scythiam
> Scythia / Scythiam: Scythia
> Scythia
> and the wise [ones]
> sapientia: wisdom, reason; -que: and; tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> septemque triones
> septentrio: north; septem: seven; -que: and; tres: three
> and the north
> [are] horribly
> horrifer: horrible, horrific, chilling
> horrifer
> horrifer: horrible, horrific, chilling
> chilling
> possessed
> invado: attack, seize, take possession
> invasit
> invado: invade, enter
> were invaded
> [by intellectual?] nonsense [?].
> burra / burras: trifles, nonsense; baburrus: foolish, silly
> Boreas
> boreus: northern, north wind
> [by] the north wind.

> Metamorphoses 1.64

#### Metamorphoses 1.65

> Encrypted: And opposition on the ground by the multitudes must be regularly and through disguises restrained by play-enacting.

> Official: And the opposite land is made clouded constantly and rainy wet by the south wind.

> [And] opposition
> contrarius: contrary, opposite
> contraria
> contrarius: contrary, opposite
> [And] the opposite
> [on] the ground
> tellus: ground
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> land
> [by?] the multitudes
> nubes: swarm, multitude
> nubibus
> nubes: cloud, mist
> [is made?] clouded
> [must be] regularly
> assiduus: regular, constant
> adsiduis
> assiduus: regular, constant
> constantly
> and [through] disguises
> pallio / palliavi: palliate, cloak, disguise; -que: and
> pluviaque
> pluvia: rain, shower; -que: and
> and rainy
> restrained
> modicus: moderate, restrained
> madescit
> madesco: become wet
> wet
> by
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> by
> play-enacting.
> histrio: actor, stage-player
> Austro
> auster / austro: south, south wind
> the south wind.

> Metamorphoses 1.65

#### Metamorphoses 1.67

> Encrypted: Here over all these were imposed the smooth and and official importance lacking secret societies, not any worldly dregs they had.

> Official: Here over all these were imposed the liquid and and weight lacking ether, not any earthly dregs it had.

> Here
> hic / haec: this, here
> Haec
> hic / haec: this, here
> Here
> over [all these]
> super: over, above
> super
> super: over, above
> over [all these]
> were imposed
> inpono: impose, put upon, establish
> inposuit
> inpono: impose, put upon, establish
> were imposed
> the smooth
> liquidus: clear, smooth
> liquidum
> liquidus: liquid, fluid
> the liquid
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> and [official] importance
> gravitas: importances, oppressiveness
> gravitate
> gravitas: gravity, weight
> and weight
> lacking
> carentia: lack, shortage
> carentem
> carentia: lack, shortage
> lacking
> secret societies [???],
> hetairia: secret society; ἑταιρεια hetaireia: brotherhood
> aethera
> aether: ether, upper air, sky
> ether,
> not
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> not
> any
> quisquam: anyone
> quicquam
> quisquam: anyone
> any
> worldly
> terrenus: terrestrial, earthly
> terrenae
> terrenus: terrestrial, earthly
> earthly
> dregs
> faex: dregs, grounds
> faecis
> faex: dregs, grounds
> dregs
> [they] had.
> habeo: have, hold, manage
> habentem
> habeo: have, hold, manage
> [it] had.

> Metamorphoses 1.67

### To prevent attacks, rulers are play-enacted by body doubles.

#### Metamorphoses 1.69

> Encrypted: With difficulty thus into their limits had been separated all these elements and settled, when still those that were oppressed all day as the masses and were deceived under them, the slaves, began as a whole to grow violent to those at the summit.

> Official: Barely thus into their limits had been separated all these elements and settled, when those that were suppressed by day as a mass and were hidden under it, the stars, began as a whole to boil up into the sky.

> With difficulty
> vix: with difficulty
> Vix
> vix: hardly, barely
> Barely
> thus
> ita: so, thus
> ita
> ita: so, thus
> thus
> [into their?] limits
> limes: limit, border
> limitibus
> limes: limit, border
> [into their?] limits
> had been separated
> dissaepio: separate, divide
> dissaepserat
> dissaepio: separate, divide
> had been separated
> all [these elements]
> omnis: all, every
> omnia
> omnis: all, every
> all [these elements]
> [and] settled,
> certus: certain, fixed, settled
> certis
> certus: certain, fixed, settled
> [and] settled,
> when [still]
> cum: with, when
> cum
> cum: with, when
> when
> those
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> those
> [that] were oppressed
> premo / pressus: cover, conceal
> pressa
> premo / pressus: press, oppress, suppress
> [that] were suppressed
> all day
> diu: by day, all day
> diu
> diu: by day, all day
> by day
> [as] the masses
> massa: mass, bulk
> massa
> massa: mass, bulk
> [as] a mass
> [and] were deceived
> ludo / ludere: mock, deceive, trick
> latuere
> lateo / latuere: lurk, hide, conceal
> [and] were hidden
> under
> sub: under, beneath
> sub
> sub: under, beneath
> under
> them,
> ille: that
> illa
> ille: that
> it,
> the slaves,
> servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
> sidera
> sidus: star, constellation
> the stars,
> began
> coepio: begin, commence, initiate
> coeperunt
> coepio: begin, commence, initiate
> began
> [as] a whole
> totus: all
> toto
> totus: all
> [as] a whole
> to grow violent
> effervesco: become excited, grow violent, rage
> effervescere
> effervesco: effervesce, boil up, seethe
> to boil up
> [to those at] the summit.
> caelum: summit
> caelo
> caelum: sky, heaven
> [into] the sky.

> Metamorphoses 1.69

#### Metamorphoses 1.72

> Encrypted: So lest a ruler might be anyhow of his life deprived, playing actors were made to hold the preeminent public floor and the appearance of distinguished persons. Conceding to be exposed in this appearance were only a selected few to the crowds.

> Official: Lest a region might be anyhow of its animals deprived, the stars were made to hold the celestial floor and the forms of the gods. Withdrawn to be shining inhabited by fishes were the waves.

> [So] lest
> neve / neu: and that not, and lest
> Neu
> neve / neu: and that not, and lest
> Lest
> a ruler
> rego: rule, guide, manage
> regio
> regio: region, area
> a region
> [might] be
> sum / foret: be
> foret
> sum / foret: be
> [might] be
> any[how]
> ullus: any
> ulla
> ullus: any
> any[how]
> of his
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> suis
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> of its
> life
> animalis: animate, living, live
> animalibus
> animal: animal, living being
> animals
> deprived,
> orbo: deprive, strip, rob
> orba
> orbo: deprive, strip, rob
> deprived,
> playing actors [?]
> histrio: actor, player
> astra
> astrum: star, constellation
> the stars
> [were made] to hold
> teneo: hold, keep, have
> tenent
> teneo: hold, keep, have
> [were made] to hold
> the preeminent [public]
> caelestis: preeminent
> caeleste
> caelestis: celestial, heavenly
> the celestial
> floor
> solum: bottom, ground, floor
> solum
> solum: bottom, ground, floor
> floor
> and the appearance
> forma: manner, appearance
> formaeque
> forma: form, figure, shape
> and the forms
> of distinguished [persons].
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> deorum
> deus: god; divus: god
> of the gods.
> Conceding
> cedo: concede, withdraw, retire
> cesserunt
> cedo: concede, withdraw, retire
> Withdrawn
> to be exposed
> nuditas: nudity, exposure
> nitidis
> nitidus: shining, glittering, bright
> to be shining
> [in] this appearance
> habitus: habit, expression, appearance
> habitandae
> habito: inhabit, dwell
> inhabited
> [were only] a selected few
> paucus: just a few, select few
> piscibus
> piscis: fish
> [by] fishes
> [to] the crowds.
> unda: crowd, throng
> undae
> unda: wave
> [were] the waves.

> Metamorphoses 1.72

#### Metamorphoses 1.75

> Encrypted: This view the human beasts deceived, and the common people were easily moved by this deception.

> Official: The earth the beasts received, and birds the easily moved air.

> [This] view
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terra
> terra / terris: earth, land
> The earth
> the [human] beasts
> fera: wild beast
> feras
> fera: wild beast
> the beasts
> deceived,
> captio: deception, trick, fraud
> cepit
> capio: captivate, seize, grasp
> received,
> [and] the common people
> vulgaris: vulgar, common people
> volucres
> volucris: bird
> [and] birds
> were easily moved
> agitabilis: easily moved
> agitabilis
> agitabilis: easily moved
> the easily moved
> [by this] deception.
> error: error, deception
> aer
> aer / aere: air, sky
> air.

> Metamorphoses 1.75

### Nobles invent religious dissembling, to deify themseves and mask the suffering they cause.

#### Metamorphoses 1.76

> Encrypted: Though sometimes more sacred than this a spirit, and one in its mind good and morally noble was missing still, and one that to have domination over the crowds would be able. The birth of spiritual dissembling this was.

> Official: More sacred than these an animal, and one in its mind capable and tall was missing still, and one that to have domination over all the others would be able. The birth of man this was.

> [Though sometimes more] sacred
> sanctus: sacred, holy
> Sanctius
> sanctus: sacred, holy
> [More] sacred
> [than] this
> hic / his: this, here
> his
> hic / his: this, here
> [than] these
> a spirit,
> anima: soul, spirit; animus: mind, character
> animal
> animal: animal, living being
> an animal,
> and [one in its] mind
> mens: plan, intention; -que: and
> mentisque
> mens: mind, reason, intellect; -que: and
> and [one in its] mind
> good
> capax: good
> capacius
> capax: capable, fit, competent
> capable
> and [morally] noble
> altus: noble, august
> altae
> altus: high, tall
> [and] tall
> was missing
> desum: absent, missing
> deerat
> desum: absent, missing
> was missing
> still,
> adhuc: still, yet
> adhuc
> adhuc: still, yet
> still,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [one] that
> qui / quod: who, that
> quod
> qui / quod: who, that
> [one] that
> to have domination
> domino: dominate, rule
> dominari
> domino: dominate, rule
> to have domination
> over
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> over
> the crowds
> caterva / catervas: swarm, crowd
> cetera
> ceterus / cetera: other
> [all] the others
> [would] be able.
> possum: can, able
> posset
> possum: can, able
> [would] be able.
> The birth
> natus: birth
> Natus
> natus: birth
> The birth
> of spiritual dissembling [???]
> ὁμοιος homoios: resembling; homoiousius: resembling; neuma: spirit
> homo
> homo / hominum: human being, man
> of man
> [this] was.
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> [this] was.

> Metamorphoses 1.76

#### Metamorphoses 1.78

> Encrypted: Whether it was used to have a new divinity brought forth, produced by those fabricators of all things, in any case of a decoration better it was the origin, or whether this new trickery was used to lead astray anew out of an elevated skin, and to have similarity retained to a previously produced divinity.

> Official: Whether he was of divine seed, made by that fabricator of all things, in any case of a world better he was the origin, or whether the new earth was led away recently from the high ether, and of that relation retained a seed of the sky.

> Whether
> sive: whether, or
> sive
> sive: whether, or
> Whether
> it
> hic / hunc: this, here
> hunc
> hic / hunc: this, here
> he
> [was used to have a new??] divinity
> divino: divine
> divino
> divino: divine
> [was] of divine
> brought forth,
> semino: propagate, produce, bring forth
> semine
> semen: semen, seed
> seed,
> produced
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> fecit
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> made
> [by] those
> ille: that
> ille
> ille: that
> [by] that
> fabricators
> opifex: maker, fabricator
> opifex
> opifex: maker, fabricator
> fabricator
> of [all] things,
> res: thing, matter
> rerum
> res: thing, matter
> of [all] things,
> [in any case] of a decoration
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundi
> mundus: world
> [in any case] of a world
> better
> bonus: good
> melioris
> bonus: good
> better
> [it was] the origin,
> origo: origin, source
> origo
> origo: origin, source
> [he was] the origin,
> or whether
> sive: whether, or
> sive
> sive: whether, or
> or whether
> [this] new
> recens: recent, newly
> recens
> recens: recent, newly
> the new
> trickery
> dolus: trickery, deceit, fraud
> tellus
> tellus: earth, globe, world
> earth
> [was used to] lead astray
> seduco: seduce, lead astray; -que: and
> seductaque
> seduco: lead away; -que: and
> was led away
> anew [???]
> nuper: newly, lately, recently
> nuper
> nuper: newly, lately, recently
> recently
> out of
> ab: from, out of
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> from
> an elevated
> altus: noble, elevated
> alto
> altus: high, tall
> the high
> skin,
> uter: skin
> aethere
> aether: ether, upper air, sky
> ether,
> [and to have?] similarity
> cognatus: similar, related
> cognati
> cognatus: similar, related
> [and of that] relation
> retained
> retineo: retain, maintain, keep
> retinebat
> retineo: retain, maintain, keep
> retained
> [to a previously??] produced
> semino: propagate, produce, bring forth
> semina
> semen: semen, seed
> a seed
> divinity.
> caeles: divinity
> caeli
> caelum: sky, heaven
> of the sky.

> Metamorphoses 1.78

#### Metamorphoses 1.82

> Encrypted: Which then by contriving a deification confuses the little people’s crowds, by fashioning it into a likeness of those controlling everything, the distinguished ones.

> Official: Which then one from the lineage of Iapetus mixed with rainy waves, to fashion it into a likeness of those controlling everything, the gods.

> Which [then]
> quam: what, how, than
> quam
> quam: what, how, than
> Which [then]
> [by?] contriving
> sero / satus: compose, contrive, plant
> satus
> satus: race, lineage
> [one from] the lineage
> a deification [??]
> αποθεωσις apotheōsis: deification
> Iapeto
> Ιαπετος Iapetos: Iapetus
> of Iapetus
> confuses
> misceo: confound, throw into confusion
> mixtam
> misceo: mix, mingle
> mixed
> the little [people’s]
> paululus: little, small
> pluvialibus
> pluvialis: rainy
> [with] rainy
> crowds,
> unda: crowd, throng
> undis
> unda: wave
> waves,
> [by?] fashioning [it]
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> finxit
> facio: make, fashion, produce
> to fashion [it]
> into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> a likeness
> effigies: effigy, likeness, imitation
> effigiem
> effigies: effigy, likeness, imitation
> a likeness
> of [those] controlling
> modero: check, control
> moderantum
> modero: check, control
> of [those] controlling
> everything,
> cunctus: whole, all, entire
> cuncta
> cunctus: whole, all, entire
> everything,
> the distinguished [ones].
> deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
> deorum
> deus: god; divus: god
> the gods.

> Metamorphoses 1.82

#### Metamorphoses 1.84

> Encrypted: As men are prone to that they are seeing living spirits in other things on the earth, the face of a man just more exalted the distinguished presented, and as a divinity to be seen they appointed it, and to be constructed, and towards the slaves to be set up as an appearance.

> Official: Stooping forward with limited sight were the animals the others of the earth, a face to man a lofty one the creator gave, and at the sky to look he commanded him, and to rise up, and to the stars to raise his face.

> [As men are] prone to
> pronus: prone, inclined, disposed
> Pronaque
> pronus: stooping; -que: and
> Stooping [forward]
> that [they are]
> cum: whereas, in that
> cum
> cum: with, because
> with
> seeing
> specto: see, watch, observe
> spectent
> specto: see, watch, observe
> [limited] sight
> living spirits
> anima: soul, spirit; animus: mind, character
> animalia
> animal: animal, living being
> [were] the animals
> [in] other [things]
> ceterus: other, others
> cetera
> ceterus: other, others
> the others
> [on] the earth,
> terra / terris: earth, land
> terram
> terra / terris: earth, land
> of the earth,
> the face
> os: mouth, face, expression
> os
> os: mouth, face, expression
> a face
> of a man
> homo: human being, man, person
> homini
> homo: human being, man, person
> to man
> [just more] exalted
> sublimus: high, eminent, exalted
> sublime
> sublimus: high, eminent, exalted
> a lofty [one]
> [the distinguished] presented,
> do: give, present
> dedit
> do: give, present
> [the creator] gave,
> and [as??] a divinity
> caeles: divinity; -que: and
> caelumque
> caelum: sky, heaven; -que: and
> and [at] the sky
> to be seen
> video: be seen, appear
> videre
> video: see, look at
> to look
> [they] appointed [it],
> iubeo: appoint, assign
> iussit
> iubeo: order, command
> [he] commanded [him],
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> to be constructed,
> erigo: build, construct
> erectos
> erigo: raise up, rise
> to rise up,
> [and] towards
> ad: at, to, toward
> ad
> ad: at, to, toward
> [and] to
> the slaves
> servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
> sidera
> sidus: star, constellation
> the stars
> to be set up
> tollo: set up, accept, excite
> tollere
> tollo: lift, raise, elevate, exalt
> to raise
> [as] an appearance.
> vultus: face, expression, appearance
> vultus
> vultus: face, expression, appearance
> [his] face.

> Metamorphoses 1.84

#### Metamorphoses 1.87

> Encrypted: Thus, it was used so only that which was rude and without pleasing appearance, namely the suffering, was dressed in the formerly unknown of spiritual dissembling, and was changed in its shape.

> Official: Thus, only that which was rude and without shape, namely the earth, was dressed in the formerly unknown humans, and was changed by his shape.

> Thus,
> sic: thus
> Sic
> sic: thus
> Thus,
> [it was used so] only
> modo: only, merely
> modo
> modo: only, merely
> only
> that which
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> that which
> was
> sum / fuerat: be
> fuerat
> sum / fuerat: be
> was
> rude
> rudis: rude, rough, coarse
> rudis
> rudis: rude, rough, coarse
> rude
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> without
> [pleasing???] appearance [???],
> imago: image, likeness, appearance
> imagine
> imago: image, likeness, appearance
> shape,
> [namely] the suffering [?],
> doleo / dolueris: hurt, suffer pain, grieve, afflicted
> tellus
> tellus / tellures: earth, globe, world
> [namely] the earth,
> was dressed in
> induo: put on, cover, dress oneself in
> induit
> induo: put on, cover, dress oneself in
> was dressed in
> the [formerly] unknown
> ignotus: unknown, strange
> ignotas
> ignotus: unknown, strange
> the [formerly] unknown
> of spiritual dissembling [???],
> ὁμοιος homoios: resembling; homoiousius: resembling; neuma: spirit
> hominum
> homo / hominum: human being, man
> humans,
> [and] was changed
> converto: convert, change, alter, transform
> conversa
> converto: convert, change, alter, transform
> [and] was changed
> [in its] shape.
> figura: shape, form, figure
> figuras
> figura: shape, form, figure
> [by his] shape.

> Metamorphoses 1.87

### With that, nobles can do what they want, the subjects serve willingly.

#### Metamorphoses 1.89

> Encrypted: The golden epoch of the noble lineages was this age of early religion, when they needed special protection not, but could do as they willed by their own, and could without having law, faith or rectitude be worshiped.

> Official: The golden epoch of the first seed was this age of early man, which needed a protector not, but was willed by its own, and was without having law, faith or rectitude cultivated.

> The golden [epoch]
> aureus: golden
> Aurea
> aureus: golden
> The golden [epoch]
> of the noble
> primus: noble, nobles
> prima
> primus: first
> of the first
> lineages
> satus: race, stock, lineage
> sata
> satus: sowing, planting
> seed
> was
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> was
> [this] age [of early religion?],
> aetas: age
> aetas
> aetas: age
> [this] age [of early man],
> when [they needed]
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> which [needed]
> [special] protection
> vindex: defender, protector
> vindice
> vindex: defender, protector
> a protector
> not,
> nullus: not any, none, no
> nullo
> nullus: not any, none, no
> not,
> [but could do as they] willed
> spons: free will
> sponte
> spons: free will
> [but was] willed
> by their own,
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> by its own,
> [and could] without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> [and was] without
> [having] law,
> lex: law, principle
> lege
> lex: law, principle
> [having] law,
> faith
> fides: trust, faith, confidence
> fidem
> fides: trust, faith, confidence
> faith
> or rectitude
> rectum: rectitude, virtue
> rectumque
> rectum: rectitude, virtue
> or rectitude
> be worshiped.
> colo: adorn, embellish, worship
> colebat
> colo: cultivate
> cultivated.

> Metamorphoses 1.89

#### Metamorphoses 1.91

> Encrypted: Punishment by and fear of the common people were absent. No scoundrels threatening had to be fixed with brass chains to bind them. Nor did the submissive multitudes defy of their noble judges the speech of them.

> Official: Punishment and fear of other people were absent. No words threatening had to be fixed on brass plates to be read. Nor did the humble multitudes fear of their judge the speech of him.

> Punishment [by]
> poena: punishment, penalty
> Poena
> poena: punishment, penalty
> Punishment
> and fear [of the common people]
> metus: fear, dread
> metusque
> metus: fear, dread
> and fear [of other people]
> were absent.
> absum: absent
> aberant
> absum: absent
> were absent.
> No
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> No
> scoundrels [???]
> verbero: scoundrel, rascal
> verba
> verbum: word
> words
> threatening
> minans: threatening, menacing
> minantia
> minans: threatening, menacing
> threatening
> [had to] be fixed
> figo: fix, fasten
> fixo
> figo: fix, fasten
> [had to] be fixed
> [with] brass [chains]
> aes / aere: copper, brass, bronze
> aere
> aes / aere: copper, brass, bronze
> [on] brass [plates]
> to bind [them??].
> ligo / ligabantur: bind, tie
> legebantur
> lego / legebantur: read, collect
> to be read.
> Nor [did]
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> Nor [did]
> the submissive
> supplex: suppliant, submissive, humble
> supplex
> supplex: suppliant, submissive, humble
> the humble
> multitudes
> turba: crowd, multitude
> turba
> turba: crowd, multitude
> multitudes
> defy
> temno / temnebat: defy, despise
> timebat
> timeo / timebat: fear, afraid
> fear
> of their [noble] judges
> iudex: judge, decider
> iudicis
> iudex: judge, decider
> of their judge
> the speech
> os / ora: mouth, speech
> ora
> os / ora: mouth, speech
> the speech
> of them.
> sui: himself
> sui
> sui: himself
> of him.

> Metamorphoses 1.91

#### Metamorphoses 1.93

> Encrypted: Instead, the nobles were without a protector safe. Not yet were cut off from their family estates, that they may be looked at by the world, from high office into being commoners, the nobles, and had to descend into the crowds in disguise.

> Official: Instead, the people were without a protector safe. Not yet were cut from their foreign lands, that they may visit the world, from mountains into liquids, the pine trees, to descend into the waves as ships.

> Instead,
> sed: but, but also
> sed
> sed: but, but also
> Instead,
> [the nobles] were
> sum / erant: be
> erant
> sum / erant: be
> [the people] were
> without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> without
> a protector
> vindex: defender, protector
> vindice
> vindex: defender, protector
> a protector
> safe.
> tutus: safe, secure, protected
> tuti
> tutus: safe, secure, protected
> safe.
> Not yet
> nondum: not yet
> Nondum
> nondum: not yet
> Not yet
> were cut [off??]
> caedo: cut, hew
> caesa
> caedo: cut, hew
> were cut
> [from] their
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> suis
> suus / suis: his, theirs
> [from] their
> family [estates???],
> progenies: progeny, race, family
> peregrinum
> peregrinus: foreign, exotic, alien
> foreign [lands?],
> that
> ut: where, that
> ut
> ut: where, that
> that
> [they may] be looked at
> viso: visit, look at
> viseret
> viso: visit, look at
> [they may] visit
> [by] the world,
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> orbem
> orbis: orb, circle, world
> the world,
> [from high] office
> moenus: service, duty, office
> montibus
> mons: mountain
> [from] mountains
> into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> [being] commoners,
> laicus: lay, common
> liquidas
> liquidus: liquid, fluid, flowing
> liquids,
> the nobles,
> bonus: good, noble
> pinus
> pinus: pine tree
> the pine trees,
> [and had to] descend
> descendo: descend, come down
> descenderat
> descendo: descend, come down
> to descend
> [into] the crowds [in disguise].
> unda: crowd, throng
> undas
> unda: wave
> [into] the waves [as ships].

> Metamorphoses 1.93

#### Metamorphoses 1.96

> Encrypted: Nothing did the common mortals besides their labor know. Not yet were there dangerous slums, surrounding the towns, of the weak people.

> Official: Nothing did the mortals besides their own shores know. Not yet were there precipitous fortifications, surrounding the towns, of trenches.

> Nothing [did]
> nullus: none; -que: and
> nullaque
> nullus: none; -que: and
> Nothing [did]
> the [common] mortals
> mortalis: human, mortal
> mortales
> mortalis: human, mortal
> the mortals
> besides
> praeter: except, besides
> praeter
> praeter: except, besides
> besides
> their
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> their
> labor
> litus: shore, coast
> litora
> litus: shore, coast
> [own] shores
> know.
> nosco: know, learn
> norant
> nosco: know, learn
> know.
> Not yet [were there]
> nondum: not yet
> Nondum
> nondum: not yet
> Not yet [were there]
> dangerous [slums??],
> praeceps: great danger, violent
> praecipites
> praeceps: precipitous, steep
> precipitous [fortifications],
> surrounding
> cingo: surround
> cingebant
> cingo: surround
> surrounding
> the towns,
> oppidum: town
> oppida
> oppidum: town
> the towns,
> of the weak [people??].
> fessus: worn out, weak
> fossae
> fossa: fosse, ditch, trench
> of trenches.

> Metamorphoses 1.96

#### Metamorphoses 1.96

> Encrypted: Not did the multitudes have to be directed, not did one have to deceive any crowds agitated. Not mockery not deceit were needed to exist. Without the constant need of soldiers to be employed, pleasant and secure passed their time the nobles.

> Official: Not was there the war trumpet straight, not of brass the horn of war curved. Not the helmet, not the sword existed. Without of soldiers to be employed, pleasant and secure passed their time the people.

> Not [did]
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> Not [was there]
> the multitudes
> turba: crowd, mob, multitude
> tuba
> tuba: trumpet
> the [war] trumpet
> [have to] be directed,
> dirigo: direct, steer, guide
> directi
> directus: direct, straight
> straight,
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> [did one have to] deceive
> error / erroris: error, delusion, deception; erro / erraris: err
> aeris
> aes / aeris: copper, brass, bronze
> of brass
> [any] crowds
> corona: crowd, multitude
> cornua
> cornu: horn
> the horn [of war]
> agitated.
> fluctuo: fluctuate, surge, agitated, restless
> flexi
> flecto: bend, turn, curve
> curved.
> Not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> Not
> mockery [???]
> cavilla: jesting, scoffing
> galeae
> galea: helmet
> the helmet,
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> deceit [???]
> insidiosus / insidiosis: insidious, deceitful
> ensis
> ensis: sword
> the sword
> [were needed to] exist.
> sum / erat: be
> erat
> sum / erat: be
> existed.
> Without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> Without
> [the constant need] of soldiers
> miles: soldier
> militis
> miles: soldier
> of soldiers
> to be employed,
> usus: use, practice, employment
> usu
> usus: use, practice, employment
> to be employed,
> pleasant
> mollis: gentle, mild, pleasant
> mollia
> mollis: gentle, mild, pleasant
> pleasant
> [and] secure
> securus: secure, safe
> securae
> securus: secure, safe
> [and] secure
> passed
> perago: pass through, traverse
> peragebant
> perago: pass through, traverse
> passed
> [their] time
> otium: leisure, spare time
> otia
> otium: leisure, spare time
> [their] time
> the nobles.
> gens: patrician; genus: noble birth
> gentes
> gens: clan, race, people, nation
> the people.

> Metamorphoses 1.96

#### Metamorphoses 1.101

> Encrypted: Themselves also immune to critical thought, by words from a speaker’s platform untouched, and not anyhow understanding words witten with a stylus, by themselves gave away everything the supporters.

> Official: Itself also free, by the hoe untouched, and not anyhow wounded by a plough, by itself gave away everything the earth.

> Themselves
> ipse: himself
> ipsa
> ipse: himself
> Itself
> also
> quoque: also, too
> quoque
> quoque: also, too
> also
> immune [to critical thought???],
> immunis: immune, exempt, free from
> inmunis
> immunis: immune, exempt, free from
> free,
> [by words from?] a speaker’s platform [???]
> rostrum: stage, speaker’s platform; -que: and
> rastroque
> rastrum: drag-hoe; -que: and
> [by] the hoe
> untouched,
> intactus: intact, untouched
> intacta
> intactus: intact, untouched
> untouched,
> [and] not
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> [and] not
> any[how]
> ullus: any
> ullis
> ullus: any
> any[how]
> understanding
> scio: know, understand
> saucia
> saucio: wound, hurt
> wounded
> [words witten with?] a stylus [???],
> vomer: stylus
> vomeribus
> vomer: ploughshare
> [by] a plough,
> by
> per: by, by means of
> per
> per: by, by means of
> by
> themselves
> se: himself
> se
> se: himself
> itself
> gave [away]
> do: give, produce
> dabat
> do: give, produce
> gave [away]
> everything
> omnia: everything
> omnia
> omnia: everything
> everything
> the supporters [???].
> tolero / toleres: tolerate, endure, support
> tellus
> tellus / tellures: earth, globe
> the earth.

> Metamorphoses 1.101

#### Metamorphoses 1.103

> Encrypted: Content with food alone, with no one needing to force them, created the deprived people all the production and services useful entrusted to them, even for abusive and for hard and difficult service needing all their strength, and all which was decided as work for the common helpers and deprived vassals.

> Official: Content with food alone, with no one forcing them, naturally produced arbutus fruits and mountain strawberries they collected, and cornel-berries and in hard bushes hanging mulberries on brambles, and all which fell off from the spreading Jove’s trees those nuts.

> Content with
> contentus: content with, pleased; -que: and
> contentique
> contentus: content with, pleased; -que: and
> Content with
> food [alone],
> cibus: food, sustenance
> cibis
> cibus: food, sustenance
> food [alone],
> [with] no one
> nullus: none, no
> nullo
> nullus: none, no
> [with] no one
> [needing to] force [them],
> cogo: force, compel
> cogente
> cogo: force, compel
> forcing [them],
> created
> creo: create, produce, make
> creatis
> creo: create, produce, make
> [naturally] produced
> the deprived [people]
> orbo / orbatus: deprive, bereave, strip
> arbuteos
> arbutus: arbutus, strawberry tree
> arbutus
> [all] the production
> fetus: productive, production
> fetus
> fetus: foetus, fruit
> fruits
> and services
> moenus: service, duty, office; -que: and
> montanaque
> mons: mountain; -que: and
> and mountain
> useful [??]
> frugi: useful
> fraga
> fragum: wild strawberries
> strawberries
> entrusted [to them??],
> lego: select, entrust
> legebant
> lego: gather, collect
> [they] collected,
> [even for] abusive [??]
> carino: abuse; -que: and
> cornaque
> cornum: cornel berry; -que: and
> and cornel-berries
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> for
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> hard
> durus: hard, harsh
> duris
> durus: hard, harsh
> hard [bushes?]
> [and] difficult
> haereo: be in trouble, difficulty
> haerentia
> haereo: hang, stick
> hanging
> service [??]
> mereo / meream: serve
> mora
> morum: mulberry; morus: black mulberry tree
> mulberries
> [needing all their?] strength [??],
> robur: strength, force
> rubetis
> rubetum: bramble thicket
> [on] brambles,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> [all] which
> qui / quae: who, that
> quae
> qui / quae: who, that
> [all] which
> was decided [as work?]
> decido: decide
> deciderant
> decido: fall down, fall off
> fell off
> [for?] the common
> patulus: common
> patula
> patulus: spread out, open, wide
> [from] the spreading
> helpers [??]
> iuvo / iuves: help, aid, please
> Iovis
> Iovis: Jove, Jupiter
> Jove’s
> [and] deprived [?]
> orbo / orbor: deprive, bereave, strip
> arbore
> arbor: tree
> trees
> vassals [???].
> cluens / cluentes: client, vassal
> glandes
> glans / glandes: acorn, beachnut
> [those] nuts.

> Metamorphoses 1.103

#### Metamorphoses 1.107

> Encrypted: The nobility was immortal, and peacefully with a tepid voice could appease the oppressors those that were born without even a dream of prosperity.

> Official: Spring was eternal, and peacefully with a warm breeze stroked the west winds those that were born without any seed those flowers.

> The nobility
> vir: person of nobility
> Ver
> ver: spring
> Spring
> was
> sum / erat: be
> erat
> sum / erat: be
> was
> immortal,
> aeterno: immortalize
> aeternum
> aeternus: eternal, endless
> eternal,
> and peacefully
> placidus: gentle, quiet, still, calm, mild, peaceful, placid
> placidique
> placidus: gentle, quiet, still, calm, mild, peaceful, placid
> and peacefully
> [with] a tepid
> tepeo: tepid
> tepentibus
> tepeo: warm
> [with] a warm
> voice
> aura: tone, voice
> auris
> aura: air, breeze
> breeze
> [could] appease
> mulceo: appease
> mulcebant
> mulceo: stroke
> stroked
> the oppressors
> supprimo / suppressi: suppress, restrain; supero: overcome, conquer
> zephyri
> zephyrus / zephyri: west wind, zephyr
> the west winds
> [those that] were born
> nascor: born, produced
> natos
> nascor: born, produced
> [those that] were born
> without
> sine: without
> sine
> sine: without
> without
> [even] a dream
> somnium: dream, vision
> semine
> semen: semen, seed
> [any] seed
> of prosperity.
> floreo: flourish, prosperous, distinguished
> flores
> flos / flores: flower
> [those] flowers.

> Metamorphoses 1.107

### But then the masks start dropping, and the working subjects develop disobedience.

#### Metamorphoses 1.109

> Encrypted: But soon also insolence did the suffering weak people produce, and the formerly never disapproving crowds were now troublesome and started to examine the aristocrats.

> Official: Soon also fruits did the earth unploughed produce, and the not fallowed land was fully white with ears of corn.

> [But] soon
> mox: soon
> Mox
> mox: soon
> Soon
> also
> etiam: and also
> etiam
> etiam: and also
> also
> insolence
> ferox / feroces: defiant, headstrong, insolent
> fruges
> frux / fruges: fruits
> fruits
> [did] the suffering
> tolero / toleres: tolerate, endure, support
> tellus
> tellus / tellures: earth, globe
> [did] the earth
> weak [people]
> iners / inertis: inert, weak
> inarata
> inaratus: unploughed, untilled
> unploughed
> produce,
> fero: bear, produce
> ferebat
> fero: bear, produce
> produce,
> [and the formerly] never
> nec: not
> nec
> nec: not
> [and the] not
> disapproving
> renuo: refuse, disapprove
> renovatus
> renovo: renew, restore, let lie fallow
> fallowed
> crowds
> aggero: crowd together
> ager
> ager: land, terrain
> land
> were [now] troublesome
> gravis: troublesome, unpleasant
> gravidis
> gravidus: gravid, full, laden
> was fully
> [and started to] examine
> cerno / cernebat: examine, comprehend, understand
> canebat
> caneo / carnebat: gray, white, hoary
> white
> the aristocrats.
> αριστος aristos: chief, noblest; aristocratia: aristocracy
> aristis
> arista: ear of grain
> [with] ears of corn.

> Metamorphoses 1.109

#### Metamorphoses 1.111

> Encrypted: The servants were now coming loose, and the servants were also becoming harmful in their intentions. The deceptions from the truth were dropping, and the decoys of sweetness.

> Official: Rivers now ran with milk, and rivers were also with nectar running. And golden juice from the greenery was dropping, and from the oak the honey.

> The servants
> famulus / famula: servant, slave, subject
> flumina
> flumen / flumina: flood, river, stream
> Rivers
> [were] now
> iam: now, already
> iam
> iam: now, already
> now
> [coming] loose,
> laxatus: lax, loose
> lactis
> lac / lactis: milk
> [ran with] milk,
> [and]
> iam: now, already
> iam
> iam: now, already
> [and]
> the servants
> famulus / famula: servant, slave, subject
> flumina
> flumen / flumina: flood, river, stream
> rivers
> were [also becoming] harmful
> noceo / nocetis: harm, hurt, injure
> nectaris
> nectar / nectaris: nectar
> [were also with] nectar
> [in their] intentions [???].
> eo / ibant: aim, intend
> ibant
> eo / ibant: go, move
> running.
> The deceptions
> fallo / falles: deceive, beguile, trick; -que: and
> flavaque
> flavus / flavo: golden; -que: and
> [And] golden [juice?]
> from
> de: of, from
> de
> de: of, from
> from
> the truth
> veritas: truth, reality
> viridi
> viridis: fresh, green
> the greenery
> were dropping,
> stillo: drip, drop, distil
> stillabant
> stillo: drip, drop, distil
> was dropping,
> [and] the decoys
> illex: false, fraudulent, decoy
> ilice
> ilex: holm-oak
> [and from?] the oak
> of sweetness.
> mel: sweetness
> mella
> mel: honey
> the honey.

> Metamorphoses 1.111

### The nobles have to diminish their role, and flee into disguise & obscurity.

#### Metamorphoses 1.113

> Encrypted: After that, the rich into obscurity and into mockery had to go, under a supporting dress-up they were fleeing.

> Official: After that, Saturn into the dark and into Tartarus was sent, and under Jove the world was ruled.

> After [that],
> postquam: after
> Postquam
> postquam: after
> After [that],
> the rich [???]
> satur: saturated, rich; saturo: saturate
> Saturno
> Saturnus: Saturn
> Saturn
> [into] obscurity
> tenebrae: obscurity
> tenebrosa
> tenebrae: darkness, gloom
> [into the] dark
> [and] into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> [and] into
> mockery
> derideo / derideres: deride, mock
> Tartara
> Tartarus: Tartarus, underworld
> Tartarus
> [had to] go,
> mitto / missus: let go, dismiss
> misso
> mitto / missus: send, dispatch
> was sent,
> under
> sub: under, beneath
> sub
> sub: under, beneath
> [and] under
> a supporting
> iuvo: help, aid, assist, support
> Iove
> Iovis: Jove, Jupiter
> Jove
> dress-up
> mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
> mundus
> mundus: world
> the world
> [they] were [fleeing].
> sum / erat: be
> erat
> sum / erat: be
> was [ruled].

> Metamorphoses 1.113

#### Metamorphoses 1.114

> Encrypted: Then followed an insolent proletariat. Compared to the old fawners it was worse, but still compared to an embittered population more valuable, or a hostile one.

> Official: Then followed a silvery generation. Compared to gold it was worse, but still compared to the tawny metal more valuable, the bronze.

> [Then] followed
> subeo: enter, follow
> subiit
> subeo: enter, follow
> [Then] followed
> an insolent
> arrogans: arrogant, insolent
> argentea
> argenteus: of silver
> a silvery
> proletariat.
> proletarius: proletarian, common, vulgar
> proles
> proles: race, generation
> generation.
> [Compared to the old] fawners
> arrisio: smile of approval; arrisor: smiler, flatterer, fawner
> auro
> aurum / auro: gold; auro / aures: gild
> [Compared to] gold
> [it was] worse,
> deterior: lower, worse, poorer, meaner
> deterior
> deterior: lower, worse, poorer, meaner
> [it was] worse,
> [but still compared to an] embittered [population?]
> fel: bitterness, bile, gall
> fulvo
> fulvus / fulvo: reddish yellow, tawny
> [but still compared to the] tawny [metal]
> [more] valuable,
> pretiosus: of great value, costly, precious
> pretiosior
> pretiosus: of great value, costly, precious
> [more] valuable,
> [or] a hostile [one].
> aversus: averse, hostile
> aere
> aereus: made of bronze
> the bronze.

> Metamorphoses 1.114

#### Metamorphoses 1.114

> Encrypted: The adjustments took the ancient way of ruling, and diminished the position of the official nobility, through dissembling, and guile, and making oneself equal to the poor people, and a much smaller official nobility. With these acts they completed a quieter office for the nobles.

> Official: Jupiter took the ancient single season, and contracted the time of spring, through winters, and hot summers, and unequal autumns, and a much shorter spring. With these spaces he completed the four seasons of the year.

> The adjustments
> apto / apter: adapt, adjust
> Iuppiter
> Iuppiter: Jupiter, Jove
> Jupiter
> [took] the ancient [way of ruling],
> antiquus: ancient, former
> antiqui
> antiquus: ancient, former
> [took] the ancient [single season],
> [and] diminished
> contraho: lessen, diminish
> contraxit
> contraho: contract, shorten
> [and] contracted
> the position
> tempus: position, state, condition
> tempora
> tempus: time
> the time
> of the [official] nobility,
> vir / viris: person of nobility
> veris
> ver / veris: spring
> of spring,
> through
> per: by, by means of; -que: and
> perque
> per: by, by means of; -que: and
> through
> dissembling,
> homoiousius: similar, resembling
> hiemes
> hiemo: winter
> winters,
> and guile,
> astus: craft, cunning, guile
> aestusque
> aestus: heat, fire
> and hot [summers],
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> making [oneself] equal to
> inaequo: make equal
> inaequalis
> inaequalis: uneven, unequal
> unequal
> the poor [people],
> attenuatus: impoverished, lessened, diminished
> autumnos
> autumnus: autumn
> autumns,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> a [much] smaller
> brevis: little, small, humble
> breve
> brevis: brief, short
> a [much] shorter
> [official] nobility.
> vir: person of nobility
> ver
> ver: spring
> spring.
> [With these] acts [??]
> spatium: act of play
> spatiis
> spatium: space, room, extent
> [With these] spaces
> [they] completed
> exigo: complete, finish
> exegit
> exigo: complete, finish
> [he] completed
> a quieter
> quietus / quietior: quiet, calm, peaceful, neutral
> quattuor
> quattuor: four
> the four [seasons]
> office [for the nobles].
> honos: honor, esteem, public office
> annum
> annus: year
> of the year.

> Metamorphoses 1.114

### Nobles live among commoners, must pretend to be kind & sexually restrained.

#### Metamorphoses 1.119

> Encrypted: Then for the first time, the insipid lords with passion had to burn and shine, and the vain nobles to show kindness superficially had to consider.

> Official: Then for the first time, the dry air with heat burned and glowed, and winds with ice bound hung in the sky.

> Then
> tum: then
> Tum
> tum: then
> Then
> [for] the first [time],
> primus: first
> primum
> primus: first
> [for] the first [time],
> the insipid
> siccus: firm, solid, insipid
> siccis
> siccus: dry
> the dry
> lords
> erus / ere: lord, master, owner
> aer
> aer / aere: air, sky
> air
> [with] passion
> fervor: passion, ardor
> fervoribus
> fervor: heat
> [with] heat
> [had to] burn
> uro: burn
> ustus
> uro: burn
> burned
> [and] shine,
> candeo: shine, glow, glisten
> canduit
> candeo: shine, glow, glisten
> [and] glowed,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> the vain [nobles]
> vanus: empty, vain, false
> ventis
> venio: come
> winds
> [to show] kindness
> gracia / graciis: goodwill, kindness
> glacies
> glacies: ice; glacio: freeze
> [with] ice
> superficially
> ad-: to; strictim: cursorily, superficially
> adstricta
> adstringo / adstrictum: bind, tie together
> bound
> [had to] consider.
> pendo: ponder, consider
> pependit
> pendeo: hang, suspended
> hung [in the sky].

> Metamorphoses 1.119

#### Metamorphoses 1.121

> Encrypted: Because then for the first time, the nobles entered the common people. Among the common people and between them were they now, and among crowds of fierce commoners, and bound and restricted crowds.

> Official: Then for the first time, humans entered houses. Houses in caves those were, and made of thick shrubs, and bound barks and twigs.

> [Because] then
> tum: then
> Tum
> tum: then
> Then
> [for] the first [time],
> primus: first
> primum
> primus: first
> [for] the first [time],
> [the nobles?] entered
> subeo: come under, go under, enter
> subiere
> subeo: come under, go under, enter
> [humans] entered
> the common people.
> demos: common people
> domus
> domus: house
> houses.
> [Among] the common people
> demos: common people
> (domus
> domus: house
> Houses
> [and] between [them]
> inter: between, among
> antra
> antrum / antra: cave, cavern
> [in] caves
> were [they now],
> sum / fuerunt: be
> fuerunt
> sum / fuerunt: be
> [those] were,
> and [among]
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> crowds
> densus: crowded
> densi
> densus: dense, thick
> [made] of thick
> of fierce [commoners?],
> ferocitas: ferocity, fierceness
> frutices
> frutex / frutices: shrub, bush
> shrubs,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> bound
> vincio: bind, restrain
> vinctae
> vincio: bind, restrain
> bound
> [and] restricted
> coarto: compress, constrain, restrict
> cortice
> cortex / cortice: bark, rind, shell, hull
> barks
> crowds [??].
> urgeo: urge, press, crowd
> virgae)
> virga: twig, sprout, stalk
> [and] twigs.

> Metamorphoses 1.121

#### Metamorphoses 1.123

> Encrypted: As for the semen then, for the first time for longer periods the noble courtiers’ lecherous ways hidden had to be. And pressed by the yoke of sexual morals groaned the young nobles.

> Official: As for the seeds then, for the first time in the long rows of Ceres’ furrows buried had to be. And pressed by the yoke groaned the bullocks.

> [As for] the semen
> semen: semen, seed
> Semina
> semen: semen, seed
> [As for] the seeds
> then,
> tum: then
> tum
> tum: then
> then,
> [for] the first [time]
> primus: first
> primum
> primus: first
> [for] the first [time]
> [for] longer [periods??]
> longus: long, extended
> longis
> longus: long, extended
> [in] the long [rows]
> the noble courtiers’ [??]
> curialis: courtier, feudal noble
> Cerealia
> Cerealis: of Ceres
> of Ceres’
> lecherous [ways??]
> salax / salacis: salacious, lustful, lecherous
> sulcis
> sulcus / sulcis: furrow
> furrows
> hidden
> obruo: cover, hide, bury
> obruta
> obruo: cover, hide, bury
> buried
> [had] to be.
> sum / sunt: be
> sunt
> sum / sunt: be
> [had] to be.
> And pressed
> premo: press
> pressique
> premo: press
> And pressed
> [by] the yoke [of sexual morals??]
> iugum: yoke
> iugo
> iugum: yoke
> [by] the yoke
> groaned
> gemo: sigh, groan, lament
> gemuere
> gemo: sigh, groan, lament
> groaned
> the young [nobles??].
> iuvencus: young man
> iuvenci
> iuvencus: young bullock
> the bullocks.

> Metamorphoses 1.123

### The subjects become wild & dangerous, want to possess things too.

#### Metamorphoses 1.125

> Encrypted: Third after those succeeded an uncommanded proletariat. It was savage in nature, and to wild behavior prompted, and to arms, but not totally polluted yet.

> Official: Third after those succeeded a brazen generation. It was savage in nature, and to wild behavior prompted, and to arms, but not bad yet.

> Third
> tertius: third
> Tertia
> tertius: third
> Third
> after
> post: after
> post
> post: after
> after
> those
> ille: that
> illam
> ille: that
> those
> succeeded
> succedo: go below, come under, enter
> successit
> succedo: go below, come under, enter
> succeeded
> an uncommanded [???]
> iniussus / iniussae: unbidden, without command
> aenea
> aeneus / aenea: copper, bronze
> a brazen
> proletariat.
> proletarius: proletarian, common, vulgar
> proles
> proles: race, generation
> generation.
> [It] was savage
> saevus: savage, ferocious
> saevior
> saevus: savage, ferocious
> [It] was savage
> [in] nature,
> ingenium: nature, character
> ingeniis
> ingenium: nature, character
> [in] nature,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> to
> ad: at, to, toward
> ad
> ad: at, to, toward
> to
> wild [behavior]
> horridus: horrible, wild, rough
> horrida
> horridus: horrible, wild, rough
> wild [behavior]
> prompted,
> promo / promptus: ready, quick, prompt
> promptior
> promo / promptus: ready, quick, prompt
> prompted,
> [and to] arms,
> arma: arms, warfare
> arma
> arma: arms, warfare
> [and to] arms,
> [but] not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> [but] not
> [totally] polluted
> scelero: bad, wicked, pollute
> scelerata
> scelero: bad, wicked, pollute
> bad
> yet.
> tamen: although, yet, still
> tamen
> tamen: although, yet, still
> yet.

> Metamorphoses 1.125

#### Metamorphoses 1.127

> Encrypted: Of roughness was the last one, and of savagery. Immediately burst the veins of evil into this age with all the crimes:

> Official: Of a hard metal was the last one, of iron. Immediately burst the veins of evil into this age with all the sins:

> Of
> de: of, from, about
> De
> de: of, from, about
> Of
> roughness
> durus: rough, cruel
> duro
> durus: durable, hard, vigorous
> a hard [metal]
> was
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> was
> the last [one],
> ultimus: ultimate, last, final
> ultima
> ultimus: ultimate, last, final
> the last [one],
> [and] of savagery.
> ferus: fierce, wild, savage, uncivilized
> ferro
> ferrum: iron
> of iron.
> Immediately
> protinus: immediately, at once
> Protinus
> protinus: immediately, at once
> Immediately
> burst
> irrumpo: burst in
> inrupit
> irrumpo: burst in
> burst
> the veins [???]
> vena: blood-vessel, vein
> venae
> vena: blood-vessel, vein
> the veins [???]
> of evil
> malus: bad, evil
> peioris
> malus: bad, evil
> of evil
> into
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> [this] age
> aevum: time, old age
> aevum
> aevum: time, old age
> [this] age
> [with] all
> omnis: all, every
> omne
> omnis: all, every
> [with] all
> the crimes:
> nefas: sin, crime
> nefas
> nefas: sin, crime
> the sins:

> Metamorphoses 1.127

#### Metamorphoses 1.129

> Encrypted: Fled had all modesty and proper conduct and faith towards the aristocracy. In their spot entered the place offensive attitudes, and being cunning, and being insidious, and violence towards nobles, and a love profane to posses things like nobles.

> Official: Fled had all decency and truth and faith. In their spot entered the place fraud, and trickery, and being insidious, and violence, and a love profane to posses things.

> Fled had [all]
> fugio: flee, run away
> fugere
> fugio: flee, run away
> Fled had [all]
> modesty
> pudor: modesty, decency
> pudor
> pudor: modesty, decency
> decency
> and proper [conduct]
> verus: proper, reasonable; -que: and
> verumque
> verus: true, real, actual, genuine; -que: and
> and truth
> and faith [towards the aristocracy].
> fides: trust, faith, belief, confidence; -que: and
> fidesque
> fides: trust, faith, belief, confidence; -que: and
> and faith.
> In
> in: in, into, for
> In
> in: in, into, for
> In
> their [spot]
> qui: who, which, what
> quorum
> qui: who, which, what
> their [spot]
> entered
> subeo: enter
> subiere
> subeo: enter
> entered
> the place
> locus: place, spot
> locum
> locus: place, spot
> the place
> offensive [attitudes],
> fraus: offense; -que: and
> fraudesque
> fraus: fraud, cheating, deceit; -que: and
> fraud,
> and being cunning,
> dolus: cunning; -que: and
> dolique
> dolus: deceit, fraud, treachery, trickery; -que: and
> and trickery,
> and being insidious,
> insidiae: insidiously, artifice; -que: and
> insidiaeque
> insidiae: insidiously, artifice; -que: and
> and being insidious,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> violence [towards nobles],
> vis: vigor, force, violence
> vis
> vis: vigor, force, violence
> violence,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> a love
> amor: love, affection
> amor
> amor: love, affection
> a love
> profane
> scelero / sceleratus: pollute, defile, desecrate
> sceleratus
> scelero / sceleratus: pollute, defile, desecrate
> profane
> to posses [things like nobles].
> habeo: have, hold, possess
> habendi
> habeo: have, hold, possess
> to posses [things].

> Metamorphoses 1.129

### Nobles must use disguises, pretend to be commoners.

#### Metamorphoses 1.132

> Encrypted: So veils had to be produced for better deception, but not yet well known were those disguises to the nobles unfamiliar with them. Arostocrats who before all day had stood on castles high, were now by agitated unknown commoners insulted, with curses!

> Official: Sails were given to the winds, but not yet well known were those winds to the sailors. Wodden planks which before all day had stood on mountains high, were now over tides unknown jumping, at a ship’s keel.

> [So] veils
> velum: covering, curtain, veil
> Vela
> velum: sail
> Sails
> [had to] be produced
> do: produce
> dabat
> do: give
> were given
> [for better] deception,
> vanitas: vanity, deception
> ventis
> ventus: wind
> [to] the winds,
> [but] not
> nec: not
> (nec
> nec: not
> [but] not
> yet
> adhuc: still, yet
> adhuc
> adhuc: still, yet
> yet
> well
> bene: well, properly
> bene
> bene: well, properly
> well
> known
> nosco: know, learn
> noverat
> nosco: know, learn
> known
> [were] those [disguises]
> illic: there, that
> illos)
> illic: there, that
> [were] those [winds]
> [to the nobles] unfamiliar [with them].
> novitas: newness, unfamiliarity
> navita
> navita: sailor, seaman, mariner
> [to] the sailors.
> [Arostocrats] who
> qui / quae: who, that; -que: and
> quaeque
> qui / quae: who, that; -que: and
> [Wodden planks] which
> [before] all day
> diu: by day, all day
> diu
> diu: by day, all day
> [before] all day
> had stood
> sto: stand, stand still
> steterant
> sto: stand, stand still
> had stood
> on
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> on
> castles
> moene: bulwarks, fortifications, castle
> montibus
> mons: mountain
> mountains
> high,
> altus: high, tall
> altis
> altus: high, tall
> high,
> [were now by] agitated
> fluctuo: fluctuate, surge, agitated, restless
> fluctibus
> fluctus: wave, tide, surge
> [were now over] tides
> unknown [commoners]
> ignotus: unknown; ignoro: unfamiliar with
> ignotis
> ignotus: unknown; ignoro: unfamiliar with
> unknown
> insulted,
> insulto: insult, taunt
> insultavere
> insulto: leap, jump, spring
> jumping,
> [with] curses!
> carino: curse, abuse, revile, blame
> carinae
> carina: keel
> [at a ship’s] keel.

> Metamorphoses 1.132

#### Metamorphoses 1.135

> Encrypted: Their noble identity had been public before, just like the light of the sun and the air, but carefully was now each person with tedious marks polished up as a wretched commoner.

> Official: The land had been a common good before, just like the light of the sun and the air, but carefully was now the ground with long marks bounded by the land surveyors.

> [Their noble identity] had been public
> communis: public
> communemque
> communis: common, general
> [The land] had been a common [good]
> before,
> prior: former, previous, prior, first
> prius
> prior: former, previous, prior, first
> before,
> just like
> ceu: as, like as, just as
> ceu
> ceu: as, like as, just as
> just like
> the light
> lumen: light
> lumina
> lumen: light
> the light
> of the sun
> sol: sun
> solis
> sol: sun
> of the sun
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> the air,
> aura: air
> auras
> aura: air
> the air,
> [but] carefully
> caveo: take care
> cautus
> caveo: take care
> [but] carefully
> [was now each] person
> homo: man, person
> humum
> humus: earth, ground, soil
> [was now] the ground
> [with] tedious
> longus: tedious
> longo
> longus: long, extended
> [with] long
> marks
> signo: mark, designate
> signavit
> signo: mark, designate
> marks
> polished up
> limo / limes: file, polish
> limite
> limes: limit, boundary
> bounded
> [as] a wretched [commoner].
> miser: miserable, poor, wretched
> mensor
> mensor: measurer, surveyor
> [by the land] surveyors.

> Metamorphoses 1.135

### Subject demand to see their rulers, so the corrupt reality must be hidden.

#### Metamorphoses 1.137

> Encrypted: Not any more were the subjects only for getting crops alone, and not only having a glorious destiny was from the rich demanded by the people, but also now going were the people for their property to get a view of it.

> Official: Not any more was the earth only demanded crops alone, and not only nourishment due alone was from the riches demanded of the earth, but also now going were the people into the inner parts of the earth.

> Not [any more]
> nec: not
> Nec
> nec: not
> Not [any more]
> [were the subjects?] only
> tantum: only
> tantum
> tantum: only
> [was the earth?] only
> [for getting] crops [alone],
> seges: grain field, crop
> segetes
> seges: grain field, crop
> [demanded] crops [alone],
> and [not only having] a glorious [??]
> illuminatio: illumination, glory
> alimentaque
> alimentum: nourishment, nutriment, aliment
> and [not only] nourishment
> destiny [??]
> debitus: destined, fated
> debita
> debitus: due, owed
> due [alone]
> [was from] the rich
> dives: rich, wealthy
> dives
> dives: rich, wealthy
> [was from] the riches
> demanded
> posco: ask, demand
> poscebatur
> posco: ask, demand
> demanded
> [by?] the people,
> homo: man, person
> humus
> humus: earth, ground, soil
> of the earth,
> but also
> sed: but, but also
> sed
> sed: but, but also
> but also
> [now] going
> eo / itum: go
> itum
> eo / itum: go
> [now] going
> were [the people??]
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> were [the people]
> for
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> into
> [their] property
> viscus: inmost part, means, property
> viscera
> viscus: viscera, inwards, entrails
> the inner parts
> [to get] a view [of it].
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terrae
> terra / terris: earth, land
> of the earth.

> Metamorphoses 1.137

#### Metamorphoses 1.139

> Encrypted: And what had been hidden from the hated subjects, and moved into the shadows, was now dug up: their wealth, the incentive of all adversity. And now the harmful lowly savages, and than regular savages even more harmful trouble-makers came forth.

> Official: And what it had hidden in the stygian depths, and moved into the shadows, was now dug up: wealth, the incentive of all evil. And now the harmful iron, and than iron even more harmful gold came forth.

> And what
> quisque: any, whatever
> quasque
> quisque: any, whatever
> And what
> had been hidden
> recondo: hide, conceal, bury
> recondiderat
> recondo: hide, conceal, bury
> [it] had hidden
> [from?] the hated [subjects???],
> Stygius: pernicious, awful; στυγεω stygeō: hate, fear, abhor
> Stygiisque
> Stygius: Stygian, of the lower world
> [in] the stygian [depths],
> [and] moved
> admoveo: move up, bring up
> admoverat
> admoveo: move up, bring up
> [and] moved
> [into] the shadows,
> umbra: shade, shadow
> umbris
> umbra: shade, shadow
> [into] the shadows,
> was [now] dug up:
> fodio: dig, dig up
> effodiuntur
> fodio: dig, dig up
> was [now] dug up:
> [their] wealth,
> ops: resources, wealth
> opes
> ops: resources, wealth
> wealth,
> the incentive
> irritamentum: incentive, stimulus
> inritamenta
> irritamentum: incentive, stimulus
> the incentive
> of [all] adversity.
> malum: adversity
> malorum
> malum: evil, mischief
> of [all] evil.
> And now
> iam: now, already; -que: and
> Iamque
> iam: now, already; -que: and
> And now
> the harmful
> nocens: hurtful, harmful
> nocens
> nocens: hurtful, harmful
> the harmful
> [lowly] savages [??],
> ferus / ferum: wild, savage, uncivilized
> ferrum
> ferrum: iron
> iron,
> and [than regular] savages [??]
> ferus / ferum: wild, savage, uncivilized
> ferroque
> ferrum: iron
> and [than] iron
> [even] more harmful
> noceo: harm, injure
> nocentius
> noceo: harm, injure
> [even] more harmful
> trouble[-makers]
> aerumna: trouble, distress, calamity
> aurum
> aurum: gold
> gold
> came forth.
> prodeo: come forth
> prodierat
> prodeo: come forth
> came forth.

> Metamorphoses 1.139

#### Metamorphoses 1.142

> Encrypted: And against them was brought forth a new covering, which was used to combat both, and with an image of gentleness were beguiled and enclosed the laborers.

> Official: And with them came forth war, which fights with both, and with a bloody hand rattles and strikes the weapons.

> [And against them] was brought forth
> prodo: bring forth, exhibit, reveal
> prodit
> prodeo: come forth
> [And with them] came forth
> a [new] covering,
> velum: veil, covering, curtain
> bellum
> bellum: war
> war,
> which
> qui / quod: who, that
> quod
> qui / quod: who, that
> which
> [was used] to combat
> pugno: fight, combat, contend
> pugnat
> pugno: fight, combat, contend
> fights
> both,
> utroque: both places
> utroque
> utroque: both places
> [with] both,
> and [with] an image
> signum / signis / signa: sign, signal, image; -que: and
> sanguineaque
> sanguineus / sanguinea: of blood, bloody; -que: and
> and [with] a bloody
> of gentleness
> mansues: tame, mild, gentle, soft
> manu
> manus: hand
> hand
> were beguiled [?]
> corrumpo / corruptus: corrupt, seduce, beguile, falsify
> crepitantia
> crepito / crepitatus: rattle, clatter, rumble
> rattles
> [and] enclosed [?]
> cinctus: surrounded, enclosed
> concutit
> concutio: strike together
> [and] strikes
> the laborers [???].
> aerumna: toil, task, labor
> arma
> arma: arms, weaponry
> the weapons.

> Metamorphoses 1.142

### The official appearance of the ruling class becomes a theater show.

#### Metamorphoses 1.144

> Encrypted: All public life became a mere repetition. Not could an important guest with his host be seen any more, not an important follower with his patrician.

> Official: All life became prey. Not was a guest from his host safe any more, not the father-in-law from his son-in-law.

> [All public] life
> vivo: live, alive
> Vivitur
> vivo: live, alive
> [All] life
> [became]
> ex: from, out of
> ex
> ex: from, out of
> [became]
> a [mere] repetition.
> repeto / repetam: repeat; reperio: discover, invent
> rapto
> raptum / rapto: plunder, prey, booty
> prey.
> Not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> Not
> [could an important] guest
> hospes: host, guest
> hospes
> hospes: host, guest
> [was] a guest
> with
> ab: in, with
> ab
> ab: from, out of
> from
> [his] host
> hospes: host, guest
> hospite
> hospes: host, guest
> [his] host
> be seen [any more],
> tueor: look at, watch, view
> tutus
> tueor: safe, secure
> safe [any more],
> not
> non: not
> non
> non: not
> not
> [an important] follower
> secor: follow, escort, attend, accompany
> socer
> socer: father-in-law
> the father-in-law
> with
> a: in, with
> a
> a: from, out of
> from
> [his] patrician.
> gens: patrician; genus: noble birth
> genero
> gener: daughter’s husband, son-in-law
> [his] son-in-law.

> Metamorphoses 1.144

### Gay lords now hide their gay lovers, even from their wives.

#### Metamorphoses 1.145

> Encrypted: Between male lovers too, their love, rarely it was now made public. Projecting another outward appearance was a nobleman towards the crowds, and even did that towards commoners he married.

> Official: Between brothers too, their friendship, rare it was now. Pondering destruction was a husband towards his spouse, and she that of her married husband.

> [Between] male lovers
> frater: male friend, lover
> fratrum
> frater: brother
> [Between] brothers
> too,
> quoque: also, too
> quoque
> quoque: also, too
> too,
> [their] love,
> gratia: regard, love, friendship
> gratia
> gratia: regard, love, friendship
> [their] friendship,
> rarely
> rarus: rare
> rara
> rarus: rare
> rare
> [it] was [now made public].
> sum / est: be
> est
> sum / est: be
> [it] was [now].
> Projecting
> emineo: stand out, project
> Inminet
> immineo: threaten, eager for, lean towards
> Pondering
> [another] outward [appearance??]
> exter / exterum: external, outer, outward
> exitio
> exitium: destruction, ruin, mischief
> destruction
> [was] a nobleman
> vir: person of nobility
> vir
> vir: man
> [was] a husband
> [towards] the crowds,
> conjectus: crowding
> coniugis
> coniunx: consort, spouse, wife
> [towards his] spouse,
> [and even did] that [???]
> ille: that
> illa
> ille: that
> [and] she
> [towards commoners he] married [???].
> maritus: marital, matrimonial
> mariti
> maritus: marital, matrimonial
> [that of her] married [husband].

> Metamorphoses 1.145

### Nobles trade publicity for a fake show-nobility, made to look extra-mighty.

#### Metamorphoses 1.147

> Encrypted: Mockery and terror had to be used as a confounding accentuation for the changed identities. Because the worthless before his wealthy patrician would now even inquire about his money.

> Official: Lurid and terrible things were mixed into poisons by step-mothers. The son before the due day of his father would now even inquire about how many years he will still live.

> Mockery [?]
> ludo / luderes: mock, deceive, trick
> lurida
> luridus: pale yellow, lurid
> Lurid
> [and] terror [??]
> terribilis: frightful, dreadful, terrible
> terribiles
> terribilis: frightful, dreadful, terrible
> [and] terrible [things]
> [had to be used as??] a confounding
> misceo: intermingle, confound
> miscent
> misceo: mix, mingle
> were mixed
> accentuation
> accentus / accentum: accent, accentuation, signal
> aconita
> aconitum: aconite, strong poison
> [into] poisons
> [for] the changed [identities???].
> novo / novare: renovate, change
> novercae
> noverca: stepmother
> [by] step-mothers.
> [Because?] the worthless
> frivolus: frivolous, worthless
> filius
> filius: son
> The son
> before
> ante: before
> ante
> ante: before
> before
> [his] wealthy
> dives: rich, rich man
> diem
> dies: day
> [the due] day
> patrician
> patricius: patrician, noble
> patrios
> pater: father
> [of his] father
> [would now even] inquire
> inquiro: inquire, examine, search
> inquirit
> inquiro: inquire, examine, search
> [would now even] inquire
> about
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> about
> [his] money [??].
> aeneus: copper; aes: copper, money
> annos
> annus: year
> [how many] years [he will still live??].

> Metamorphoses 1.147

#### Metamorphoses 1.149

> Encrypted: Defeated and thrown away was all piety. And being crowded in, from a society that murdering them would even consider, even the last of the preeminent persons the public view with bitterness had to abandon.

> Official: Defeated and thrown away was all piety. And the virgin goddess, from a earth that was with murder dripping, as the last of the celestial gods, this earth did the goddess of justice Astrea abandon.

> Defeated
> vinco: conquer, defeat
> Victa
> vinco: conquer, defeat
> Defeated
> [and] thrown away
> iaceo: thrown, cast
> iacet
> iaceo: thrown, cast
> [and] thrown away
> was [all] piety.
> pietas: piety, loyalty, duty
> pietas
> pietas: piety, loyalty, duty
> was [all] piety.
> And
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> And
> being crowded in,
> urgeo: urge, press, crowd, hem in
> virgo
> virgo: virgin, maiden
> the virgin [goddess],
> [from a society that] murdering [them?]
> caedo: cut down, fell, murder
> caede
> caedo: cut down, fell, murder
> [from a earth that was with] murder
> [would even] consider [??],
> meditor: meditate, ponder, consider, plan
> madentis
> madeo: drip, flow
> dripping,
> [even] the last
> ultimum: finally, at last
> ultima
> ultimum: finally, at last
> [as] the last
> of the preeminent [persons]
> caelestis: preeminent
> caelestum
> caelestis: celestial, heavenly
> of the celestial [gods],
> the [public] view
> tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
> terras
> terra / terris: earth, land
> [this] earth
> [with] bitterness [???]
> auster: austere, plain, bitter
> Astraea
> Astraea: Astraea, goddess of Justice
> [did the goddess of justice] Astrea
> [had to] abandon.
> relinquo: leave behind, abandon
> reliquit
> relinquo: leave behind, abandon
> abandon.

> Metamorphoses 1.149

#### Metamorphoses 1.151

> Encrypted: But it should not be that than the old terrifying rulers more easy-going the new mock authorities would be. So was desired, it is said, that the royalty that was to be preeminent had to look mighty as well. So the greatest looking ones they brought together, and arranged them towards the servants for public office.

> Official: But it should not be that than the earth more secure the lofty ether would be. So was desired, it is said, the kingdom of heaven by the giants. So high rocks they brought together, and arranged them towards the stars as mountains.

> [But it should] not
> neve: and not, or not, nor
> Neve
> neve: and not, or not, nor
> [But it should] not
> be [that]
> sum / foret: be
> foret
> sum / foret: be
> be [that]
> [than the old] terrifying [rulers]
> terror: terror, dread, fear
> terris
> terra: earth, land
> [than] the earth
> more easy[-going]
> securus: easy, negligent
> securior
> securus: secure, untroubled
> more secure
> the [new] mock
> irrideo / irrides: ridicule, mock
> arduus
> arduus: steep, high, lofty
> the lofty
> authorities [would be].
> auctor: authority
> aether
> aether: ether, upper air, sky
> ether [would be].
> [So] was desired,
> affecto: desire, aspire
> adfectasse
> affecto: desire, aspire
> [So] was desired,
> [it] is said,
> fero: tell, speak of
> ferunt
> fero: tell, speak of
> [it] is said,
> [that] the royalty
> regnum: kingship, royalty
> regnum
> regnum: kingship, royalty
> the kingdom
> [that was] to be preeminent
> caelestis: preeminent
> caeleste
> caelestis: celestial, heavenly
> of heaven
> [had to look??] mighty [as well??].
> Γιγας / Γιγαντες Gigas / Gigantes: Giants, mighty
> Gigantas
> Γιγας / Γιγαντες Gigas / Gigantes: Giants, mighty
> [by] the giants.
> So the greatest [looking ones??]
> altus: tall, great, noble
> altaque
> altus: high, lofty
> So high [rocks]
> [they] brought together,
> congero: bring together, collect, heap up
> congestos
> congero: bring together, collect, heap up
> [they] brought together,
> [and] arranged [them]
> struo: heap up, pile up, arrange
> struxisse
> struo: heap up, pile up, arrange
> [and] arranged [them]
> towards
> ad: at, to, toward
> ad
> ad: at, to, toward
> towards
> the servants
> servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
> sidera
> sidus: star, constellation
> the stars
> [for public] office.
> moenus: service, duty, office
> montes
> mons: mountain
> [as] mountains.

> Metamorphoses 1.151

### Nobles mix common-born influencers in with the masses, to make excuses for them.

#### Metamorphoses 1.154

> Encrypted: Then the patricians almighty also sent for smoothening up this obscurity their servants and to make excuses, and they placed them under the multitudes, to be similar to them.

> Official: Then the father almighty sent to break through Olympus his thunderbolts, and to drive out the giants he threw them under mount Pelion, broken off mount Ossa.

> Then
> tum: then
> Tum
> tum: then
> Then
> the patricians
> patricius: patrician, noble
> pater
> pater: father, sire
> the father
> almighty
> omnipotens: omnipotent, almighty
> omnipotens
> omnipotens: omnipotent, almighty
> almighty
> [also] sent
> mitto: send, dispatch, discharge
> misso
> mitto: send, dispatch, discharge
> sent
> [for] smoothening up [??]
> perfrico: rub smooth
> perfregit
> perfringo: break through, shatter
> to break through
> [this] obscurity
> αλαμπης alampēs: obscure
> Olympum
> Ολυμπος Olympos: Mount Olympus
> Olympus
> [their] servants
> famulus / famuli: servant, slave, subject
> fulmine
> fulmen / fulmini: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
> [his] thunderbolts,
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> to make excuses [??],
> excusso / excussatus: excuse, allege, justify
> excussit
> excutio / excussit: cast out, drive out, send forth
> to drive out [the giants???]
> [and they] placed [them] under
> subicio: throw under, place under
> subiectae
> subicio: throw under, place under
> [he] threw [them] under
> the multitudes,
> πολυς / πολυν polys / polyn: many, multitude, people, commonalty
> Pelion
> Πηλιον Pēlion: Pelion, mountain in Thessaly
> [mount] Pelion,
> [to be] similar [to them].
> ισος / ισα isos / isa: equal, similar
> Ossae
> Οσσα Ossa: Ossa, mountain in Thessaly
> [broken off mount???] Ossa.

> Metamorphoses 1.154

#### Metamorphoses 1.156

> Encrypted: Covered among the masses of their own subjects, with their selves in mockery and joke, coated by their common born families, these watchmen were abundant and were brought forth in secret collusion, and roused the multitudes.

> Official: Buried under the mass of their own, with their corpses in dread and lying still, sprinkled by much of her born children's blood, the earth herself was moist and brought forth warmth, and animated the blood.

> Covered
> obruo: cover, hide, bury
> Obruta
> obruo: cover, hide, bury
> Buried
> [among] the masses
> moles: shapeless mass, weight, pile
> mole
> moles: shapeless mass, weight, pile
> [under the] mass
> of their own [subjects??],
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> sua
> suus / sua: hers, theirs
> of their own,
> with
> cum: with, because
> cum
> cum: with, because
> with
> [their] selves
> corpus: person, self
> corpora
> corpus: body, corpse
> [their] corpses
> [in] mockery
> derisus: derision, mockery, scorn
> dira
> dirus: dire, fearful, dreadful
> [in] dread
> [and] joke,
> ioco / iocarent: joke
> iacerent
> iaceo / iacerent: lie still, lie dead
> [and] lying still,
> coated
> perfundo: coat, overlay
> perfusam
> perfundo: pour over, besprinkle
> sprinkled
> [by] their common
> multus: common mass, multitude
> multo
> multus: much, many
> [by] much
> born
> nascor: born, produced
> natorum
> nascor: born, produced
> [of her] born [children's]
> families,
> sanguis: family
> sanguine
> sanguis: blood
> blood,
> [these] watchmen
> tueor: watch, protect
> Terram
> terra: earth
> the earth [herself]
> were abundant
> madeo: overflow with, abundant
> inmaduisse
> madeo: wet, moist
> was moist
> and were brought forth
> fero: bring forth, produce
> ferunt
> fero: bring forth, produce
> and brought forth
> [in] secret collusion,
> colludo / colludes: act collusively, secret understanding, false appearance
> calidumque
> calidus / calidum: warm, hot; -que: and
> warmth,
> [and] roused
> animo: rouse, inspire
> animasse
> animo: animate, enliven
> [and] animated
> the multitudes.
> chorea / choream: choir, multitude
> cruorem
> cruor / cruorem: blood, gore
> the blood.

> Metamorphoses 1.156

### To remain famous, nobles pose as common-born celebrities.

#### Metamorphoses 1.159

> Encrypted: And so that not should nothing of their own true character as a monument remain, in appearance they simply changed into new personas.

> Official: And so that not should nothing of her own stock as a monument remain, in appearance she changed them into men.

> And
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> And
> [so that] not
> ne: not
> ne
> ne: not
> [so that] not
> [should] nothing
> nullus: none
> nulla
> nullus: none
> [should] nothing
> [of their] own
> suus / suae: hers, theirs
> suae
> suus / suae: hers, theirs
> [of her] own
> [true] character
> stirps: character
> stirpis
> stirps: stem, stock, lineage
> stock
> [as] a monument
> monumentum: monument, reminder
> monimenta
> monumentum: monument, reminder
> [as] a monument
> remain,
> maneo: stay, remain
> manerent
> maneo: stay, remain
> remain,
> in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> in: in, into, for
> in
> appearance
> facies: appearance, form, figure
> faciem
> facies: appearance, form, figure
> appearance
> [they simply] changed
> verto: turn, change, alter
> vertisse
> verto: turn, change, alter
> [she] changed [them]
> [into new] personas.
> homo: human being, man, person
> hominum
> homo: human being, man, person
> [into] men.

> Metamorphoses 1.159

#### Metamorphoses 1.160

> Encrypted: But also those propagated personas had to despise the nobility, and savage and eager for beatings and violence did they have to be. So it was perceived that from those kind of families they were born.

> Official: But also that progeny despised the superior gods, and savage and eager for slaughter and violence were they. So it was known that from blood they were born.

> But
> sed: but, but also
> Sed
> sed: but, but also
> But
> also
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> also
> those
> ille: that
> illa
> ille: that
> that
> propagated [personas]
> propago: propagate
> propago
> propago: breed, offspring
> progeny
> [had to?] despise
> contemno / contemptus: hold in contempt, scorn, despise
> contemptrix
> contemno / contemptus: hold in contempt, scorn, despise
> despised
> the nobility,
> superus / superior: superior, greater, noble
> superum
> superus / superior: upper, higher
> the superior [gods??],
> and savage
> saevus: savage, ferocious
> saevaeque
> saevus: savage, ferocious
> and savage
> [and] eager
> avidus: desirous of, eager, greedy
> avidissima
> avidus: desirous of, eager, greedy
> [and] eager
> [for] beatings [??]
> caedo: cut, fell, beat, slaughter
> caedis
> caedo: cut, fell, beat, slaughter
> [for] slaughter
> and
> et: and
> et
> et: and
> and
> violence
> violentus: violent, impetuous
> violenta
> violentus: violent, impetuous
> violence
> [did they have] to be.
> sum / fuit: be
> fuit
> sum / fuit: be
> were [they].
> [So it] was perceived
> scio: know, understand, perceive
> scires
> scio: know, understand, perceive
> [So it] was known
> [that] from
> ex / e: from, out of
> e
> ex / e: from, out of
> [that] from
> [those kind of??] families [??]
> sanguis: family
> sanguine
> sanguis: blood
> blood
> [they] were born.
> nascor: born, produced
> natos
> nascor: born, produced
> [they] were born.

> Metamorphoses 1.160

🏷 Latin text interlinear · text