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# Talmud: Berakhot

🏷 Hebrew text Talmud text interlinear spook law · text — by Gerry · Dec 2018 · 16739 words

Berakhot is the first chapter of Mishnah & Talmud. The face-value text isn’t much of an introduction though: It asks when to pray, but fails to give a clear answer. Only a decryption of the spooky puns reveals that it is a general introduction to spookery: It asks when rulers should disguise in which way, to hide their true power from their subjects!

## Introduction

The Talmud is a collection of Jewish laws, but to the spook rulers, it’s a collection of spook laws. That’s not meant as an insult, but the case should be clear: The face-value laws laid out in the Talmud are so impractical, so arbitrary, and so vaguely worded, that even actual religious Jews usually admit they don’t really understand them. It seems impossible that anyone would ever set up laws like these to organize anything. But tellingly, there’s a millennia-old tradition of extensive study & commentary of these laws by the elites & authorities. The only explanation is pun-encryption! Even the title Talmud puns with “deception” and Mishnah puns with “disguise”.

Berakhot is the very first chapter of Mishnah & Talmud. It should start with a general introduction to religious laws. But instead, the face-value text jumps right into the odd question at what time of morning & evening a specific prayer must be recited, the “Shema”. And it doesn’t even give a clear answer, but says it’s “when priests go eating”, and “when you can tell purple from white or green”.

Only pun-encryption can explain all this strangeness:

- qry “reciting” the šmˁ “Shema” prayer also means qry “causing” šmˁ “obedience” with the subjects. 🡻
- khn “priests” who are entering to ˀkl “eat” their trwmh “gifts”, that puns with khn “rulers” who are entering into klh “veils” of trmh “deception”. 🡻
- nkr “distinguishing” tklh “purple” from lbn “white”, that puns with nkr “feigning” & dglh “pretending” to be a ˁlbwn “humble” person. 🡻
- nkr “distinguishing” tklh “purple” from krty “green”, that puns with nkr “feigning” & dglh “pretending” to be a regular qrytˀ “citizen”. 🡻

So, spookery is the rulers feigning to be humble citizens, to cover-up their power & corruption! You can read it all here, in black and white.

### How to read this

- In the interlinear word-by-word translation, each word is shown as a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks.
- Use the Pun Config to choose your level: Minimal for secret meaning only, Beginner for secret & official English texts, Intermediate for word-by-word vocabulary, Expert for original text & glyphs.
- Possible pun-encrypted meaning is marked with light red.
- Official meaning is marked with light green.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs. All vocabulary is linked to online dictionaries.
- Please read the introduction, the interchangeability rules, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- Religious readers should proceed with care.

## Disguising the nobility

### Disguise power through veils of deception.

The literal text starts with asking from when one should qry “recite” the šmˁ “Shema” prayer. That is a very weird and very specific question to start a book about religious laws with. It’s even weirder because the answers are extremely unspecific: The given literal answer is that the khn “priests” must have n-kns “entered” to ˀkl “eat” their trwmh “gifted offerings”. How can anyone know prayer time from that answer?

The solution is of course that the text is encrypted, using similar words. The introductory question seems to be when the rulers have finally qry “covered-up” their ˁšm “power”. That is the question that spookery was invented to answer: How to cover up the power of the ruling class, so they are free to misuse it all the time. The answer is that the khn “rulers” must n-kns “enter” into klh “veils” of trmh “deception”. And that is spookery, summed up in one sentence: Rulers disguise themselves as commoners!

#### Berakhot 1:1.a

> Encrypted: From when has one caused obedience with the multitudes? It is from the moment that the princes & rulers have entered into veils of fraud & deception, while denying to be watchmen & spies of the nobility, says lord Eliezer.

> Official: From when does one recite the Shema prayer in the evening? It is from the moment that the priests have entered their houses to eat their gifted tithed food, until the end of the night watch first, says rabbi Eliezer.

> From when [has one]
> מ־ m-: from; אימת ˀymt: when
> מאימתי mˀymty
> מ־ m-: from; אימת ˀymt: when
> From when [does one]
> caused
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> קורין qwryn
> קרי qry: call, recite
> recite
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> obedience
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema, hear
> the Shema [prayer]
> with the multitudes?
> ב־ b-: with; ערב ˁrb: multitude; רבא rbˀ: multitude
> בערבית bˁrbyt
> ב־ b-: in; ערב ˁrb: evening
> in the evening?
> [It is] from the moment
> מ־ m-: from; שעה šˁh: moment
> משעה mšˁh
> מ־ m-: from; שעה šˁh: moment
> [It is] from the moment
> that the princes & rulers
> ש־ š-: that; כהן khn: officer, prince, ruler
> שהכהנים šhkhnym
> ש־ š-: that; כהן khn: priest
> that the priests
> have entered
> נ־ n-: make; כנס kns: enter, go in
> נכנסים nknsym
> נ־ n-: make; כנס kns: enter, go in
> have entered [their houses??]
> into veils
> ל־ l-: into; כלא klˀ: enclose; כלה klh: veil, canopy
> לאכל lˀkl
> ל־ l-: to; אכל ˀkl: consume
> to eat
> of fraud & deception,
> ב־ b-: on; תרמה trmh: deceit; תרמית trmyt: fraud, hoax
> בתרומתן btrwmtn
> ב־ b-: on; תרומה trwmh: gift; תרומת trwmt: offering
> their gifted [tithed food],
> while
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> until
> denying
> זוף zwp: falsify, forge, deny
> סוף swp
> סוף swp: end
> the end
> to be watchmen & spies
> שמר šmr: officers, watchmen, spies
> האשמורה hˀšmwrh
> אשמרה ˀšmrh: night watch
> of the night watch
> of the nobility,
> רישנא ryšnˀ: chief, ruler, nobleman
> הראשונה hrˀšwnh
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> first,
> says
> דבר dbr: say
> דברי dbry
> דבר dbr: say
> says
> lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> rabbi
> Eliezer.
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
> Eliezer.

> Berakhot 1:1.a

### Every cover-up needs preparation & pretext.

Here the literal text seems to say one must recite the prayer until the sun ˁlh “rises” to ˁmd “stay up” at šḥr “dawn”.

The encrypted text seems to say one must hoax it up until there is enough ˁlh “pretext” to justify ˁmd “setting up” šḥr “servitude”.

#### Berakhot 1:1.b

> Encrypted: And the advisors say: only until rule is firmly established. Lord Gamliel says: until there is sufficient pretext to establish taxation & servitude. It happened that returned his people from a region under revolt. They said to him: We did not yet manage to cause obedience. He said to them: If there is no sufficient pretext to establish taxation & servitude, the obligation is still on you cause it somehow. And not for this solely, but for all arrangements, wherever it is said by the advisors “until rule is firmly established”, they are commanded for there to be sufficient pretext to establish taxation & servitude.

> Official: And the advisors say: only until mid night. Rabban Gamliel says: until the sun rises and stays at dawn. It happened that returned his sons from a house with a feast. They said to him: We did not yet manage to recite the Shema. He said to them: If the sun has not risen and stays at dawn, the obligation is still on you to recite it. And not for this solely, but for all situations, wherever it is said by the advisors “until mid night”, it is command to be done until when the sun rises and stays at dawn.

> And the advisors
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> וחכמים wḥkmym
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> And the advisors
> say:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומרים ˀwmrym
> אמר ˀmr: say
> say:
> [only] until
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> [only] until
> [rule] is firmly established.
> חוץ ḥwṣ: tighten, establish firmly
> חצות ḥṣwt
> חצי ḥṣy: half
> mid [night?].
> Lord
> רבן rbn: lord
> רבן rbn
> רבן rbn: rabban
> Rabban
> Gamliel
> גמליאל gmlyˀl: Gamliel
> גמליאל gmlyˀl
> גמליאל gmlyˀl: Gamliel
> Gamliel
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> until
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> until
> there is [sufficient] pretext
> עלה ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense, justification
> שיעלה šyˁlh
> עלה ˁlh: rise
> [the sun?] rises
> to establish
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עמוד ˁmwd
> עמד ˁmd: stay
> and stays
> taxation & servitude.
> שחר šḥr: confiscate, press into service; שוחרא šwḥrˀ: tribute, servitude
> השחר hšḥr
> שחר šḥr: dawn
> at dawn.
> It happened
> מעשה mˁšh: happened
> מעשה mˁšh
> מעשה mˁšh: happened
> It happened
> that returned
> שוב šwb: return
> שבאו šbˀw
> שוב šwb: return
> that returned
> his people
> בן bn: people
> בניו bnyw
> בן bn: son
> his sons
> from a region
> בית byt: place, area, town
> מבית mbyt
> בית byt: home
> from a house
> [under] revolt.
> מ־ m-: of; סטיה sṭyh: deviation, rebellion; סטיא sṭyˀ: revolt
> המשתה hmšth
> מ־ m-: of; שתה šth: drink, feast
> with a feast.
> They said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמרו ˀmrw
> אמר ˀmr: say
> They said
> to him:
> לו lw: to him
> לו lw
> לו lw: to him
> to him:
> [We did] not [yet manage to?]
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [We did] not [yet manage to?]
> cause
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> קרינו qrynw
> קרי qry: call, recite
> recite
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> obedience.
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema, hear
> the Shema.
> He said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמר ˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> He said
> to them:
> ל־ l-: to; הם hm: them
> להם lhm
> ל־ l-: to; הם hm: them
> to them:
> If
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> If
> [there is] no
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [the sun?] has not
> [sufficient] pretext
> עלה ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense, justification
> עלה ˁlh
> עלה ˁlh: rise
> risen
> to establish
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עמוד ˁmwd
> עמד ˁmd: stay
> and stays
> taxation & servitude,
> שחר šḥr: confiscate, press into service; שוחרא šwḥrˀ: tribute, servitude
> השחר hšḥr
> שחר šḥr: dawn
> at dawn,
> the obligation is [still]
> חיב ḥyb: obliged
> חיבין ḥybyn
> חיב ḥyb: obliged
> the obligation is [still]
> on you
> אתם ˀtm: you
> אתם ˀtm
> אתם ˀtm: you
> on you
> cause it [somehow].
> ל־ l-: to; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> לקרות lqrwt
> ל־ l-: to; קרי qry: call, recite
> to recite it.
> And not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> And not
> [for] this
> זו zw: this
> זו zw
> זו zw: this
> [for] this
> solely,
> בלבד blbd: solely
> בלבד blbd
> בלבד blbd: solely
> solely,
> but
> אלא ˀlˀ: but
> אלא ˀlˀ
> אלא ˀlˀ: but
> but
> [for] all [arrangements],
> כל kl: all
> כל kl
> כל kl: all
> [for] all [situations],
> wherever
> מה mh: whichever
> מה mh
> מה mh: whichever
> wherever
> it is said
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> שאמרו šˀmrw
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> it is said
> by the advisors
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> חכמים ḥkmym
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> by the advisors
> “until
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until, during
> “until
> [rule] is firmly established”,
> חוץ ḥwṣ: tighten, establish firmly
> חצות ḥṣwt
> חצי ḥṣy: half
> mid [night?]”,
> [they] are commanded
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> מצותן mṣwtn
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> [it] is command [to be done]
> for
> עד ˁd: to, in behalf of, for
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until, during, while
> until
> there to be [sufficient] pretext
> ש־ š-: which; עלה ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense, justification
> שיעלה šyˁlh
> ש־ š-: which; עלה ˁlh: rise
> when [the sun?] rises
> to establish
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עמוד ˁmwd
> עמד ˁmd: stay
> and stays
> taxation & servitude.
> שחר šḥr: confiscate, press into service; שוחרא šwḥrˀ: tribute, servitude
> השחר hšḥr
> שחר šḥr: dawn
> at dawn.

> Berakhot 1:1.b

### Every masking happens to establish obedience.

Here the literal text stipulates when to prepare the qṭr “burning” of ḥlb “fat” and ˀbr “limbs”.

The encrypted text probably stipulates to prepare the qṭr “wrapping” of ḥlp “substitute” (identities) and ˀpr “masks”.

#### Berakhot 1:1.c

> Encrypted: The attaching of substitute identities and masks is commanded for there to be sufficient pretext to establish taxation & servitude, Similarly, all disguises for the people of nobility, they are commanded for there to be sufficient pretext to establish taxation & servitude. If that is so, why was it said by the advisors “only until rule is firmly established”? In order to keep people from overdoing it with the hoaxing.

> Official: The incense burning of fats and limbs are commanded to be done until risen and stays at dawn. Similarly, all offerings to be eaten during the day first are commanded to be done until when the sun rises and stays at dawn. If that is so, why was it said by the sages “only until mid night”? In order to keep people from transgressing.

> The attaching
> קטר qṭr: bind, attach, tie on, wrap up, covered
> הקטר hqṭr
> קטר qṭr: incense
> The incense [burning] of
> of substitute [identities?]
> חלף ḥlp: change, exchange, alternate, substitute, in place of
> חלבים ḥlbym
> חלב ḥlb: fat
> fats
> and masks [?]
> אפר ˀpr: cover, mask, make-up
> ואברים wˀbrym
> אבר ˀbr: limb
> and limbs
> is commanded
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> מצותן mṣwtn
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> are commanded [to be done]
> for
> עד ˁd: to, in behalf of, for
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until, during, while
> until
> there to be [sufficient] pretext
> עלה ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense, justification
> שיעלה šyˁlh
> עלה ˁlh: rise
> risen
> to establish
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עמוד ˁmwd
> עמד ˁmd: stay
> and stays
> taxation & servitude,
> שחר šḥr: confiscate, press into service; שוחרא šwḥrˀ: tribute, servitude
> השחר hšḥr
> שחר šḥr: dawn
> at dawn.
> [Similarly,] all
> כל kl: all
> וכל wkl
> כל kl: all
> [Similarly,] all
> disguises
> נכל nkl: beguile, disguised, deceiver, swindler
> הנאכלים hnˀklym
> נ־ n-: make; אכל ˀkl: eat
> [offerings to be] eaten
> for the people
> ל־ l-: for; עם ˁm: people
> ליום lywm
> ל־ l-: to; יום ywm: day
> during the day
> of nobility,
> אחד ˀḥd: take command, rule; אחידא ˀḥydˀ: nobleman
> אחד ˀḥd
> אחד ˀḥd: one
> first
> [they] are commanded
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> מצותן mṣwtn
> מ־ m-: of; צוה ṣwh: command, order, appoint
> are commanded [to be done]
> for
> עד ˁd: to, in behalf of, for
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until, during, while
> until
> there to be [sufficient] pretext
> ש־ š-: which; עלה ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense, justification
> שיעלה šyˁlh
> ש־ š-: which; עלה ˁlh: rise
> when [the sun?] rises
> to establish
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עמוד ˁmwd
> עמד ˁmd: stay
> and stays
> taxation & servitude.
> שחר šḥr: confiscate, press into service; שוחרא šwḥrˀ: tribute, servitude
> השחר hšḥr
> שחר šḥr: dawn
> at dawn.
> If
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> If
> [that is] so,
> כן kn: so
> כן kn
> כן kn: so
> [that is] so,
> why
> ל־ l-: to; מה mh: what
> למה lmh
> ל־ l-: to; מה mh: what
> why
> was it said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמרו ˀmrw
> אמר ˀmr: say
> was it said
> by the advisors
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> חכמים ḥkmym
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> by the sages
> “[only] until
> עד ˁd: until, during, while
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until, during, while
> “[only] until
> [rule] is firmly established”?
> חוץ ḥwṣ: tighten, establish firmly
> חצות ḥṣwt
> חצי ḥṣy: halfway
> mid [night?]”?
> In order
> כדי kdy: in order
> כדי kdy
> כדי kdy: in order
> In order
> to keep
> רחק rḥq: distance, stay away, keep off
> להרחיק lhrḥyq
> רחק rḥq: distance, stay away, keep off
> to keep
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> people
> אדם ˀdm: man, people
> האדם hˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man, people
> people
> from
> מן mn: from
> מן mn
> מן mn: from
> from
> overdoing [it with the hoaxing].
> עבר ˁbr: cross over, go beyond, too severe
> העברה hˁbrh
> עבר ˁbr: transgress
> transgressing.

> Berakhot 1:1.c

## Nobles disguising as subjects

### Cover-up your power by feigning to be a regular citizen.

Here the literal text again asks when to recite the Shema prayer, this time in the morning. The unspecific answer is: When one can nkr “distinguish” between tklh “purple” and lbn “white”, or between tklh “purple” and krty “leek-green”. They probably mean the sunlight conditions. But does that really tell people when to pray?

The encrypted text is very clear here: Rulers have to nkr “feign” and dglh “pretend” to be a ˁlbwn “humble” person, or at least dglh “pretend” to be a qrytˀ “citizen”.

The following paragraphs also discuss whether the disguise has to be humble, or if it can also be showy.

#### Berakhot 1:2.a

> Encrypted: From when has one caused obedience with mockery? It is from when one can feign to be someone else, explained as pretending & feigning to be a humble & oppressed person. Lord Eliezer says: rather explained as pretending & feigning to be a regular citizen. And that should be learned & perfected before one rises up to show oneself to be seen.

> Official: From when does one recite the Shema prayer in the morning? It is from when one can distinguish between purple and white. Rabbi Eliezer says: rather between purple and green. And it should be completed before there is rising heat from the sun.

> From when [has one]
> מ־ m-: from; אימת ˀymt: when
> מאימתי mˀymty
> מ־ m-: from; אימת ˀymt: when
> From when [does one]
> caused
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> קורין qwryn
> קרי qry: call, recite
> recite
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> obedience
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema, hear
> the Shema [prayer]
> with mockery?
> ב־ b-: with; שחר šḥr: black, joke, mock, ridicule
> בשחרית bšḥryt
> ב־ b-: in; שחר šḥr: dawn
> in the morning?
> [It is] from when [one can] feign to be someone else,
> מ־ m-: from; ש־ š-: which; נכר nkr: deny, dissemble, estrange, feign to be another
> משיכיר mšykyr
> מ־ m-: from; ש־ š-: which; נכר nkr: distinguish
> [It is] from when [one can] distinguish
> explained [as]
> בין byn: understand, explained
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> between
> pretending & feigning
> דגלה dglh: lie, falsity; דגל dgl: tricks, pretend, feign; דגלא dglˀ: impostor
> תכלת tklt
> תכלה tklh: purple
> purple
> to be a humble & oppressed [person].
> ל־ l-: into; עלבון ˁlbwn: humiliation; עלב ˁlb: press upon, oppressed
> ללבן llbn
> ל־ l-: to; לבן lbn: white
> and white.
> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Eliezer
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr
> אליעזר ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
> Eliezer
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> [rather] explained [as]
> בין byn: understand, explained
> בין byn
> בין byn: between
> [rather] between
> pretending & feigning
> דגלה dglh: lie, falsity; דגל dgl: tricks, pretend, feign; דגלא dglˀ: impostor
> תכלת tklt
> תכלה tklh: purple
> purple
> to be a [regular] citizen.
> ל־ l-: into; קרת qrt: city; בר קריתא br qrytˀ: city inhabitant; קרתן qrtn: townsman; קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> לכרתי lkrty
> ל־ l-: to; כרתי krty: leek-green
> and green.
> And [that should be] learned & perfected
> גמר gmr: learn, perfect
> וגומרה wgwmrh
> גמר gmr: complete
> And [it should be] completed
> before
> עד ˁd: until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until
> before
> [one] rises up
> הנץ hnṣ: rising, sun rising
> הנץ hnṣ
> הנץ hnṣ: rising, sun rising
> there is rising
> to show [oneself] to be seen.
> חמה ḥmh: show, be seen, appear
> החמה hḥmh
> חמה ḥmh: heat
> heat [from the sun].

> Berakhot 1:2.a

### Rulers need a stitched-together story for cover-up.

Here, yet another time for prayer is given: Before šlš-šˁwt “three o’clock” (in the morning!), because bny-mlkym “men who are kings” stand up then. I’m fairly sure kings do not stand up at 3 in the morning, that’s when they go to bed after their orgies. At least they give a specific time here, even if it contradicts the other answers.

The encrypted text seems to say that before the mockery starts, you have to šll-šˁywtˀ “stitch together a false story”, because bny-mlkym “men who are kings” must be propped up like that. I second that one! Our imbecilic rulers are nothing without their cover stories.

(The “three” pun works because of the letter duplication rules.)

#### Berakhot 1:2.b

> Encrypted: Lord Joshua says: And before, one has to stitch together a fairytale cover story. For such is the manner with men who are rulers: they can be set up only with stitching together a fairytale cover story. Being a regular citizen from there after, one does not lose much, as one can always be a citizen with appearances.

> Official: Rabbi Joshua says: Before three o’clock, for such is the manner of men who are kings: they stand up at three o’clock. Reciting the Shema from there after, one does not lose anything, just as when one recites with the Torah.

> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Joshua
> יהושע yhwšˁ: Joshua
> יהושע yhwšˁ
> יהושע yhwšˁ: Joshua
> Joshua
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> [And] before,
> עד ˁd: until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until
> Before
> [one has] to stitch together
> שלשל šlšl: chain together; שלל šll: stitch together, decorate
> שלש šlš
> שלש šlš: three
> three
> a fairytale [cover] story.
> שועיתא šwˁytˀ: tale, fairy tale, story; שעיותא šˁywtˀ: smooth, false story
> שעות šˁwt
> שעות šˁwt: time; שעתי šˁty: hourly; שעה šˁh: time
> o’clock,
> For such
> ש־ š-: which; כן kn: thus
> שכן škn
> ש־ š-: which; כן kn: thus
> for such
> is the manner
> דרך drk: manner, conduct
> דרך drk
> דרך drk: manner, conduct
> is the manner
> [with] men who are
> בן bn: men
> בני bny
> בן bn: men
> of men who are
> rulers:
> מלך mlk: ruler
> מלכים mlkym
> מלך mlk: king
> kings:
> they [can be] set up
> ל־ l-: to; עמד ˁmd: set up, appoint, establish
> לעמד lˁmd
> ל־ l-: to; עמד ˁmd: stand up
> they stand up
> [only] with stitching together
> ב־ b-: with; שלשל šlšl: chain together; שלל šll: stitch together, decorate
> בשלש bšlš
> ב־ b-: in; שלש šlš: three
> at three
> a fairytale [cover] story.
> שועיתא šwˁytˀ: tale, fairy tale, story; שעי šˁy: play, cover, tell story
> שעות šˁwt
> שעות šˁwt: time; שעה šˁh: time
> o’clock.
> [Being a regular] citizen
> קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> הקורא hqwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> Reciting [the Shema]
> from there
> מ־ m-: from; כאן kˀn: here
> מכאן mkˀn
> מ־ m-: from; כאן kˀn: here
> from there
> after,
> אילך ˀylk: afterward
> ואילך wˀylk
> אילך ˀylk: afterward
> after,
> [one] does not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [one] does not
> lose [much],
> פסד psd: lose, forfeit, damage
> הפסיד hpsyd
> פסד psd: lose, forfeit, damage
> lose [anything],
> as one
> כ־ k-: like, as; אדם ˀdm: man
> כאדם kˀdm
> כ־ k-: like, as; אדם ˀdm: man
> [just] as [when] one
> [can always be] a citizen
> קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> הקורא hqwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> recites
> with appearances.
> ב־ b-: with; תואר twˀr: look, appearance
> בתורה btwrh
> ב־ b-: with; תורה twrh: torah
> with the Torah.

> Berakhot 1:2.b

## Choosing the right disguise

### With a polished disguise, you are established as your veil.

Here, a dispute between 2 “schools of thought” starts. The school of Shammai says that all ˀdm “men” should hṭh “turn aside” (from the road) when praying.

The encrypted text is about 2 spooky “schools of thought”. The first one seems to say that all dmy “disguises” may be ḥṭh “polished” & “proud”. (“Man” puns with “disguise”, see Adam.)

#### Berakhot 1:3.a

> Encrypted: The school of Shammai say: With the multitudes, all proper disguises should be of proud & polished citizens, and distinguish one to stand out, as it says (Deuteronomy 6:7): “as you veil yourself, as that are you established”.

> Official: The school of Shammai say: In the evening all men should turn aside when reciting the Shema, and in the morning they should stand, as it says (Deuteronomy 6:7): “and as you lay down, and as you stand up”.

> The school of
> בית byt: house, school
> בית byt
> בית byt: house, school
> The school of
> Shammai
> שמע šmˁ: fame, known; שם šm: reputation
> שמאי šmˀy
> שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
> Shammai
> say:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומרים ˀwmrym
> אמר ˀmr: say
> say:
> With the multitudes,
> ב־ b-: with; ערב ˁrb: multitude; רבא rbˀ: multitude
> בערב bˁrb
> ב־ b-: in; ערב ˁrb: evening
> In the evening
> all
> כל kl: all
> כל kl
> כל kl: all
> all
> [proper] disguises
> דמי dmy: disguise, imitate
> אדם ˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man
> men
> [should] be of proud & polished [?]
> חטה ḥṭh: look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman
> יטו yṭw
> הטה hṭh: incline, bend
> [should] turn aside
> citizens,
> קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> ויקראו wyqrˀw
> קרי qry: call, recite
> [when] reciting [the Shema],
> and distinguish [one]
> ב־ b-: with; בקר bqr: distinguish, differentiate, split
> ובבקר wbbqr
> ב־ b-: in; בקר bqr: morning
> and in the morning
> [to] stand out,
> עמד ˁmd: stand
> יעמדו yˁmdw
> עמד ˁmd: stand
> they should stand,
> [as it] says
> אמר ˀmr: say
> שנאמר šnˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> [as it] says
> (Deuteronomy
> דבר dbr: word
> (דברים dbrym
> דבר dbr: word
> (Deuteronomy
> 6:7):
> ו w: 6
> ו) w
> ו w: 6
> 6:7):
> “as you veil yourself,
> ב־ b-: as; שגב šgb: cover, veil, hidden; ־ך -k: you
> ובשכבך wbškbk
> ב־ b-: as; שכב škb: lay down; ־ך -k: you
> “and as you lay down,
> as [that] are you established”.
> ב־ b-: as; קום qwm: established, identified; ־ך -k: you
> ובקומך wbqwmk
> ב־ b-: as; קום qwm: stand; ־ך -k: you
> and as you stand up”.

> Berakhot 1:3.a

### All disguises can cover things up in their own manner.

In contradiction to Shammai, the school of Hillel says that all ˀdm “men” can pray “in their own way”.

The 2nd spooky school of thought says the same thing: All dmy “disguises” can cover things up “in their own way”. By that, they contradict the 1st school which said disguises should be “polished” & “proud”.

I can see the problem: If a spook aristocrat’s disguise is too prominent, then he is drawing just as much attention to himself as if he had admitted to be an aristocrat in the first place. This is how Miles found them out: The spook aristocrats always cast themselves in over-the-top roles as superstars or super-villains. They should’ve listened instead to old Hillel.

#### Berakhot 1:3.b

> Encrypted: The school of Hillel say instead: All disguises may be as citizens in their own manner, as it says (also there): “as enacted by you in your own way.” If that is so, then why was it said “as you veil yourself, as that are you established”? It is with enacting a story that those of disguise can veil themselves, but also with enacting a story that those of disguise can establish themselves.

> Official: The school of Hillel say instead: All men may recite the Shema in their own manner, as it says (also there): “and as you walk on your way.” If that is so, then why was it said “and as you lie down, and as you stand up”? It is in the hour when the sons of man lay down, and in the hour when the sons of man stand up.

> The school of
> בית byt: house, school
> ובית wbyt
> בית byt: house, school
> The school of
> Hillel
> הלל hll: deride, fool, foolish
> הלל hll
> הלל hll: Hillel
> Hillel
> say [instead]:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומרים ˀwmrym
> אמר ˀmr: say
> say [instead]:
> All
> כל kl: all
> כל kl
> כל kl: all
> All
> disguises
> דמי dmy: disguise, imitate
> אדם ˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man
> men
> [may be as] citizens
> קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> קורא qwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> [may] recite [the Shema]
> in their own manner,
> כ־ k-: according to; דרך drk: way, manner
> כדרכו kdrkw
> כ־ k-: according to; דרך drk: way, manner
> in their own manner,
> [as it] says
> אמר ˀmr: say
> שנאמר šnˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> [as it] says
> (also there):
> שם šm: there
> (שם) šm
> שם šm: there
> (also there):
> “as enacted by you [?]
> ב־ b-: in; הלך hlk: behave, act; ־ך -k: you
> ובלכתך wblktk
> ב־ b-: as; הלך hlk: go, walk, proceed; ־ך -k: you
> “and as you walk
> in your [own] way.”
> ב־ b-: in; דרך drk: way, manner; ־ך -k: your
> בדרך bdrk
> ב־ b-: on; דרך drk: way, path; ־ך -k: your
> on your way.”
> If
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> If
> [that is] so,
> כן kn: so
> כן kn
> כן kn: so
> [that is] so,
> [then] why
> ל־ l-: to; מה mh: what
> למה lmh
> ל־ l-: to; מה mh: what
> [then] why
> was it said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> נאמר nˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> was it said
> “as you veil yourself,
> ב־ b-: as; שגב šgb: cover, veil, hidden; ־ך -k: you
> ובשכבך wbškbk
> ב־ b-: as; שכב škb: lay down; ־ך -k: you
> “and as you lie down,
> as [that] are you established”?
> ב־ b-: as; קום qwm: established, identified; ־ך -k: you
> ובקומך wbqwmk
> ב־ b-: as; קום qwm: stand
> and as you stand up”?
> [It is] with enacting a story
> ב־ b-: with; שעי šˁy: play, cover over, tell false story
> בשעה bšˁh
> ב־ b-: in; שעה šˁh: hour, moment
> [It is] in the hour
> that those of
> ש־ š-: which; בני bny: of
> שבני šbny
> ש־ š-: which; בני bny: sons
> when the sons of
> disguise
> דמי dmy: disguise, imitate
> אדם ˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man
> man
> [can] veil themselves,
> שגב šgb: cover, veil, hidden
> שוכבים šwkbym
> שכב škb: lay down
> lay down,
> but [also] with enacting a story
> ב־ b-: with; שעי šˁy: play, cover over, tell false story
> ובשעה wbšˁh
> ב־ b-: in; שעה šˁh: hour; שעא šˁˀ: hour
> and in the hour
> that those of
> ש־ š-: which; בני bny: of
> שבני šbny
> ש־ š-: which; בני bny: sons
> when the sons of
> disguise
> דמי dmy: disguise, imitate
> אדם ˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man
> man
> [can] establish themselves.
> עמד ˁmd: establish, presented
> עומדים ˁwmdym
> עמד ˁmd: stand
> stand up.

> Berakhot 1:3.b

### Too polished a disguise can cause trouble.

Here’s an example of someone praying in the Shammai way, and that caused skn “danger” with ˁṣmy “violence” m-pny-lsṭ “because of robbers”.

The spook example is probably of someone making his disguise too “polished” & “proud”, in the Shammai way, and that caused skn “danger” with ˁṣmy “violence” even m-pny-lsṭ “towards the veil”. That is to say, even the disguise was so proud & arrogant that people hated it, and they attacked the spooky aristocrat even in his disguise.

That is still true today: The elites still rub their unearned power & wealth so aggressively in our faces, that many people naturally hate their guts, even though they don’t know it’s all inbred noblemen who’ve inherited everything for millennia.

#### Berakhot 1:3.c

> Encrypted: Said lord Tarfon: I happened to proceed in this way, and made it of a proud & polished citizen, according to the stricter words of the school of Shammai, but then that caused danger with violence precisely because of the proud veiled form. They said to him: It accordingly came to happen through the fault of your choice of veil, which transgressed against the more tolerant words of the school of Hillel.

> Official: Said rabbi Tarfon: I happened to come along the way, and turned aside of the road to recite, according to the stricter words of the school of Shammai, but then that caused danger with violence because of robbers on the wayside. They said to him: It accordingly came to happen through the fault of your violence, which transgressed against the more tolerant words of the school of Hillel.

> Said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמר ˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> Said
> lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> rabbi
> Tarfon:
> טרפון ṭrpwn: Tarfon
> טרפון ṭrpwn
> טרפון ṭrpwn: Tarfon
> Tarfon:
> I
> אני ˀny: I
> אני ˀny
> אני ˀny: I
> I
> happened to
> היה hyh: happen
> הייתי hyyty
> היה hyh: happen
> happened to
> proceed
> בא bˀ: come
> בא bˀ
> בא bˀ: come
> come
> in this way,
> ב־ b-: in; דרך drk: way, manner
> בדרך bdrk
> ב־ b-: in; דרך drk: way, manner
> along the way,
> and [made it of a] proud & polished [?]
> חטה ḥṭh: look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman
> והטתי whṭty
> הטה hṭh: incline, bend
> and turned aside [of the road??]
> citizen,
> ל־ l-: to; קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> לקרות lqrwt
> ל־ l-: to; קרי qry: call, recite
> to recite,
> according to the [stricter] words
> כ־ k-: according to; דבר dbr: word
> כדברי kdbry
> כ־ k-: according to; דבר dbr: word
> according to the [stricter] words
> of the school of
> בית byt: house, school
> בית byt
> בית byt: house, school
> of the school of
> Shammai,
> שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
> שמאי šmˀy
> שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
> Shammai,
> but [then that caused] danger
> סכן skn: danger, endanger, exposed to danger
> וסכנתי wsknty
> סכן skn: danger, endanger, exposed to danger
> but [then that caused] danger
> with violence
> ב־ b-: with; עצם ˁṣm: force; עצים ˁṣym: violent
> בעצמי bˁṣmy
> ב־ b-: with; עצם ˁṣm: force; עצים ˁṣym: violent
> with violence
> [precisely] because of
> מפני mpny: because
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because
> because of
> the [proud] veiled [form].
> לסוט lswṭ: mesh, veil; לסוטה lswṭh: web
> הלסטים hlsṭym
> לסט lsṭ: robber, thief
> robbers [on the wayside??].
> They said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמרו ˀmrw
> אמר ˀmr: say
> They said
> to him:
> לו lw: to him
> לו lw
> לו lw: to him
> to him:
> It accordingly
> כדי kdy: according
> כדי kdy
> כדי kdy: according
> It accordingly
> came to happen
> היה hyh: come to pass
> היית hyyt
> היה hyh: come to pass
> came to happen
> through the fault
> ל־ l-: to; חוב ḥwb: guilt
> לחוב lḥwb
> ל־ l-: to; חוב ḥwb: guilt
> through the fault
> of your [choice of] veil,
> ב־ b-: with; עצם ˁṣm: strong, powerful, wealth; צמה ṣmh: veil; ־ך -k: your
> בעצמך bˁṣmk
> ב־ b-: with; עצם ˁṣm: force; עצים ˁṣym: violent; ־ך -k: your
> of your [???] violence [?],
> which transgressed
> ש־ š-: which; עבר ˁbr: transgress
> שעברת šˁbrt
> ש־ š-: which; עבר ˁbr: transgress
> which transgressed
> against
> על ˁl: against
> על ˁl
> על ˁl: against
> against
> the [more tolerant] words
> דבר dbr: word
> דברי dbry
> דבר dbr: word
> the [more tolerant] words
> of the school of
> בית byt: house, school
> בית byt
> בית byt: house, school
> of the school of
> Hillel.
> הלל hll: Hillel
> הלל hll
> הלל hll: Hillel
> Hillel.

> Berakhot 1:3.c

### There is simple lying, and mockery with actual follow-up.

Here’s a comparison of 2 ways to recite prayers: One is štym-lpny “two before” and ˀḥt-lˀḥr “another afterwards”. The other way is to štym-lpny “two before” and štym-lˀḥr “two afterwards”. What is that supposed to mean? Does this help anyone with prayer?

The encrypted text makes more sense, it’s about 2 ways the nobles must behave. As official noblemen, they can simply talk ˀštwmˀ-lpny “nonsense to the faces” of their subjects and do ˀḥt-lˀḥr “another thing afterwards”. Nobody can punish a noble for that. But when feigning to be commoners, the nobles who talk ˀštwmˀ-lpny “nonsense to the faces” of their subjects must then actually do the ˀštwmˀ-lˀḥr “nonsense afterwards”, or they’re found out.

#### Berakhot 1:4.a

> Encrypted: With mockery, when being a governor, you can talk nonsense & mockery to their faces, and just do another thing afterwards. But when being among the multitudes, you talk nonsense & mockery to their faces, but then must also do the nonsense & mockery afterwards. One is as a nobleman, the other as a reduced person.

> Official: In the morning, as for blessings, one has to say two before, and one afterwards. And in the evening, one says two before, and two afterwards. One long, one short.

> With mockery,
> ב־ b-: with; שחר šḥr: black, joke, mock, ridicule
> בשחר bšḥr
> ב־ b-: in; שחר šḥr: morning
> In the morning,
> when [being] a governor,
> מ־ m-: of, among; הפרכא hprkˀ: hyparchos, governor, prefect
> מברך mbrk
> מ־ m-: of; ברך brk: bless
> as for blessings,
> you [can talk] nonsense & mockery
> אשתומא ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense; שטה šṭh: mock, fool; ־ם -m: them
> שתים štym
> שתים štym: two
> [one has to say] two
> to [their] faces,
> ל־ l-: to; פני pny: face, front, forefront
> לפניה lpnyh
> ל־ l-: to; פני pny: before
> before,
> and [just do] another thing
> אחת ˀḥt: other, another
> ואחת wˀḥt
> אחת ˀḥt: one
> and one
> afterwards.
> ל־ l-: to; אחר ˀḥr: behind, afterward
> לאחריה lˀḥryh
> ל־ l-: to; אחר ˀḥr: behind, afterward
> afterwards.
> But [when being] among the multitudes,
> ב־ b-: in, among; ערב ˁrb: multitude; רבא rbˀ: multitude
> ובערב wbˁrb
> ב־ b-: in; ערב ˁrb: evening
> And in the evening,
> you [talk] nonsense & mockery
> אשתומא ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense
> שתים štym
> שתים štym: two
> [one says] two
> to [their] faces,
> ל־ l-: to; פני pny: face, front, forefront
> לפניה lpnyh
> ל־ l-: to; פני pny: before
> before,
> but then [must also do] the nonsense & mockery
> אשתומא ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense; שטה šṭh: mock, fool; ־ם -m: them
> ושתים wštym
> שתים štym: two
> and two
> afterwards.
> ל־ l-: to; אחר ˀḥr: behind, afterward
> לאחריה lˀḥryh
> ל־ l-: to; אחר ˀḥr: behind, afterward
> afterwards.
> One
> אחת ˀḥt: one
> אחת ˀḥt
> אחת ˀḥt: one
> One
> [is as] a nobleman,
> ריכא rykˀ: nobleman
> ארכה ˀrkh
> ארך ˀrk: long
> long,
> the other
> אחת ˀḥt: one, other, another
> ואחת wˀḥt
> אחת ˀḥt: one, other, another
> one
> [as] a reduced [person].
> קצר qṣr: shortened, reduced
> קצרה qṣrh
> קצר qṣr: short
> short.

> Berakhot 1:4.a

### Do not mix up your roles of nobleman & commoner.

Here the literal text says that when you’re supposed to ḥtm “finish” (the prayer), then you’re not allowed to not finish it, and vice versa.

The spooky text says that when you’re supposed to play-pretend to be a ḥṭm “subject”, then you’re not allowed to not be a subject, and vice versa. So the aristocrats feign to be subjects, but they still use their powerful appearances when needed. Genesis 1:6 and Bello Judaico 1.41 say the same thing, namely that aristocrats need greater & lesser disguises, for direct ruling and for cover-up.

#### Berakhot 1:4.b

> Encrypted: In those situations where it is said to be a nobleman, it is not permitted to be a reduced person. Where one needs to be a reduced person, it is not permitted to be a nobleman. When you need to be a subject, it is not permitted not to be a subject. When you should not be a subject, it is not permitted to be a subject.

> Official: In those places where it is said to say a long one, it is not permitted to say a short one. Where it is the short one, it is not permitted to say a long one. When prayers are to be finished, it is not permitted not to finish. When prayers should not yet be finished, it is not permitted to finish.

> In those situations
> מ־ m-: of; קום qwm: take place, happen
> מקום mqwm
> מ־ m-: of; קום qwm: place
> In those places
> where it is said
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> שאמרו šˀmrw
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> where it is said
> to [be] a nobleman,
> ל־ l-: into; ריכא rykˀ: nobleman
> להאריך lhˀryk
> ל־ l-: to; ארך ˀrk: long, lengthen
> to [say] a long one,
> it is not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> אינו ˀynw
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> it is not
> permitted
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> רשאי ršˀy
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> permitted
> to [be] a reduced [person].
> ל־ l-: into; קצר qṣr: shortened, reduced
> לקצר lqṣr
> ל־ l-: to; קצר qṣr: short, shorten
> to [say] a short one.
> [Where one needs] to [be] a reduced [person],
> ל־ l-: into; קצר qṣr: shortened, reduced
> לקצר lqṣr
> ל־ l-: to; קצר qṣr: short, shorten
> [Where it is] the short one,
> it is not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> אינו ˀynw
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> it is not
> permitted
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> רשאי ršˀy
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> permitted
> to [be] a nobleman.
> ל־ l-: into; ריכא rykˀ: nobleman
> להאריך lhˀryk
> ל־ l-: to; ארך ˀrk: long, lengthen
> to [say] a long one.
> [When you need] to be a subject,
> ל־ l-: into; חטם ḥṭm: servant; חטמא ḥṭmˀ: subject
> לחתם lḥtm
> ל־ l-: to; חתם ḥtm: finish, close up
> [When prayers are] to be finished,
> it is not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> אינו ˀynw
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> it is not
> permitted
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> רשאי ršˀy
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> permitted
> not
> ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
> שלא šlˀ
> ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
> not
> to be a subject.
> ל־ l-: into; חטם ḥṭm: servant; חטמא ḥṭmˀ: subject
> לחתם lḥtm
> ל־ l-: to; חתם ḥtm: finish, close up
> to finish.
> [When you should] not
> ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
> ושלא wšlˀ
> ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
> [When prayers should] not [yet]
> be a subject,
> ל־ l-: into; חטם ḥṭm: servant; חטמא ḥṭmˀ: subject
> לחתם lḥtm
> ל־ l-: to; חתם ḥtm: finish, close up
> be finished,
> it is not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> אינו ˀynw
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> it is not
> permitted
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> רשאי ršˀy
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted
> permitted
> to be a subject.
> ל־ l-: into; חטם ḥṭm: servant; חטמא ḥṭmˀ: subject
> לחתם lḥtm
> ל־ l-: to; חתם ḥtm: finish, close up
> to finish.

> Berakhot 1:4.b

### Rulers must show themselves as common people.

#### Berakhot 1:5.a

> Encrypted: One must always remember to appear as slaves who are weak. Said lord Eleazar ben Azariah: See, I am about seventy years old, and it was not clear to me why it is said to appear as slaves who are weak, until interpreted by Ben Zoma through a saying:

> Official: One must always remember the exodus from Egypt at night. Said rabbi Eleazar ben Azariah: See, I am about seventy years old, and it was not clear to me why it is said that the exodus from Egypt at night, until interpreted by Ben Zoma through a saying:

> [One must always] remember
> מ־ m-: of; זכר zkr: remember, remind
> מזכירין mzkyryn
> מ־ m-: of; זכר zkr: remember, remind
> [One must always] remember
> to appear [as]
> יצא yṣˀ: appear, present, be identified, turn out to be
> יציאת yṣyˀt
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
> the exodus
> slaves
> מצר mṣr: slave; ־ים -ym: (plural)
> מצרים mṣrym
> מצרים mṣrym: Egypt
> [from] Egypt
> who are weak.
> ב־ b-: in; אליל ˀlyl: weak, no value
> בלילות blylwt
> ב־ b-: in; לילי lyly: night
> at night.
> Said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמר ˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> Said
> lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> rabbi
> Eleazar ben Azariah:
> אלעזר בן עזריה ˀlˁzr bn ˁzryh: Eleazar ben Azariah
> אלעזר בן עזריה ˀlˁzr bn ˁzryh
> אלעזר בן עזריה ˀlˁzr bn ˁzryh: Eleazar ben Azariah
> Eleazar ben Azariah:
> See,
> הרי hry: behold
> הרי hry
> הרי hry: behold
> See,
> I
> אני ˀny: I
> אני ˀny
> אני ˀny: I
> I
> am about
> כ־ k-: like; בן bn: man
> כבן kbn
> כ־ k-: like; בן bn: man
> am about
> seventy
> שבעים šbˁym: seventy
> שבעים šbˁym
> שבעים šbˁym: seventy
> seventy
> years old,
> שנה šnh: year
> שנה šnh
> שנה šnh: year
> years old,
> and [it was] not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> and [it was] not
> clear [to me]
> זכיך zkyk: clear
> זכיתי zkyty
> זכיך zkyk: clear
> clear [to me]
> [why] it is said
> ש־ š-: which; ת־ t-: of; אמר ˀmr: say
> שתאמר štˀmr
> ש־ š-: which; ת־ t-: of; אמר ˀmr: say
> [why] it is said that
> to appear [as]
> יצא yṣˀ: appear, present, be identified, turn out to be
> יציאת yṣyˀt
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
> the exodus
> slaves
> מצר mṣr: slave; ־ים -ym: (plural)
> מצרים mṣrym
> מצרים mṣrym: Egypt
> [from] Egypt
> [who] are weak,
> ב־ b-: in; אליל ˀlyl: weak, no value
> בלילות blylwt
> ב־ b-: in; לילי lyly: night
> at night,
> until
> עד ˁd: until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until
> until
> interpreted by
> ש־ š-: which; דרש drš: interpret, expound
> שדרשה šdršh
> ש־ š-: which; דרש drš: interpret, expound
> interpreted by
> Ben
> בן bn: son
> בן bn
> בן bn: son
> Ben
> Zoma
> זומא zwmˀ: Zoma
> זומא zwmˀ
> זומא zwmˀ: Zoma
> Zoma
> through a saying:
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> שנאמר šnˀmr
> ש־ š-: which; אמר ˀmr: say
> through a saying:

> Berakhot 1:5.a

#### Berakhot 1:5.b

> Encrypted: (Deuteronomy 16:3) In order that you remember veiling yourself to appear as from the oppressed slaves, as COMMON people show yourself. “As PEOPLE show yourself”, that would be only people in general. “As COMMON people show yourself”, that is even being weak.

> Official: (Deuteronomy 16:3) In order that you remember the day you departed from the land Egypt ALL the days of your life. “DAYS of your life”, that would be only the days. “ALL the days of your life”, that is also the nights.

> (Deuteronomy
> דברים dbrym: Deuteronomy
> (דברים dbrym
> דברים dbrym: Deuteronomy
> (Deuteronomy
> 16:3)
> טז ṭz: 16
> טז) ṭz
> טז ṭz: 16
> 16:3)
> In order that
> למען lmˁn: in order that
> למען lmˁn
> למען lmˁn: in order that
> In order that
> you remember
> ת־ t-: of; זכר zkr: remember
> תזכר tzkr
> ת־ t-: of; זכר zkr: remember
> you remember
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> veiling [yourself??]
> עומיא ˁwmyˀ: veiled, covered
> יום ywm
> יום ywm: day
> the day
> to appear [as]
> יצא yṣˀ: appear, present, be identified, turn out to be
> צאתך ṣˀtk
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
> you departed
> from the oppressed
> מ־ m-: from; רצץ rṣṣ: oppressed; מרוצה mrwṣh: oppression
> מארץ mˀrṣ
> מ־ m-: from; ארץ ˀrṣ: land
> from the land
> slaves,
> מצר mṣr: slave; ־ים -ym: (plural)
> מצרים mṣrym
> מצרים mṣrym: Egypt
> Egypt
> [as] COMMON [?]
> כילא kylˀ: measure, common, regular, ordinary
> כל kl
> כל kl: all, every
> ALL the
> people
> עם ˁm: people; עמים ˁmym: people
> ימי ymy
> יום ywm: day; ימי ymy: days
> days
> show [yourself].
> חוי ḥwy: see, show, demonstrate, appear; ־ך -k: you
> חייך ḥyyk
> חיי ḥyy: live; ־ך -k: your
> [of] your life.
> “[As] PEOPLE
> עם ˁm: people; עמים ˁmym: people
> ימי ymy
> יום ywm: day; ימי ymy: days
> “DAYS
> show [yourself]”,
> חוי ḥwy: see, show, demonstrate, appear; ־ך -k: you
> חייך ḥyyk
> חיי ḥyy: live; ־ך -k: your
> of your life”,
> [that would be only] people [in general].
> עמים ˁmym: people
> הימים hymym
> ימים ymym: days
> [that would be only] the days.
> “[As] COMMON [?]
> כילא kylˀ: measure, common, regular, ordinary
> כל kl
> כל kl: all, every
> “ALL
> people
> עם ˁm: people
> ימי ymy
> ימי ymy: day
> the days
> show [yourself]”,
> חוי ḥwy: see, show, demonstrate, appear; ־ך -k: you
> חייך ḥyyk
> חיי ḥyy: live; ־ך -k: your
> of your life”,
> [that is even] being weak.
> אליל ˀlyl: weak, no value; לעי lˁy: labor, work
> הלילות hlylwt
> לילי lyly: night
> [that is also] the nights.

> Berakhot 1:5.b

#### Berakhot 1:5.c

> Encrypted: And the advisors say: “As PEOPLE show yourself”, is about simple hiding of the self. “As COMMON people show yourself”, that is presenting oneself as a person that is usual & common.

> Official: And the advisors say: “DAYS of your life”, that is only the world, this one. “ALL the days of your life”, is even to the coming of the day of the Messiah.

> And the advisors
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> וחכמים wḥkmym
> חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
> And the advisors
> say:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומרים ˀwmrym
> אמר ˀmr: say
> say:
> “[As] PEOPLE
> עם ˁm: people
> ימי ymy
> ימי ymy: day
> “DAYS
> show [yourself]”,
> חוי ḥwy: see, show, demonstrate, appear; ־ך -k: you
> חייך ḥyyk
> חיי ḥyy: live; ־ך -k: your
> of your life”,
> [is about simple] hiding
> עלם ˁlm: hidden, conceal
> העולם hˁwlm
> עלם ˁlm: world
> [that is only] the world,
> of the self.
> זה zh: this, itself
> הזה hzh
> זה zh: this, itself
> this one.
> “[As] COMMON [?]
> כילא kylˀ: measure, common, regular, ordinary
> כל kl
> כל kl: all, every
> “ALL
> people
> עם ˁm: people
> ימי ymy
> ימי ymy: day
> the days
> show [yourself]”,
> חוי ḥwy: see, show, demonstrate, appear; ־ך -k: you
> חייך ḥyyk
> חיי ḥyy: live
> of your life”,
> [that is] presenting [oneself]
> ל־ l-: to; בוא bwˀ: bring forth, present
> להביא lhbyˀ
> ל־ l-: to; בוא bwˀ: come
> [is even] to the coming
> as a person
> ל־ l-: into; עם ˁm: people
> לימות lymwt
> ל־ l-: to; יום ywm: day
> of the day
> that is usual & common.
> מצוא mṣwˀ: usual, common; מצוי mṣwy: usual
> המשיח hmšyḥ
> משיח mšyḥ: messiah, anointed
> of the Messiah.

> Berakhot 1:5.c

## Ruling by deception vs by violence

### Deception is more effective than violence, but needs preparation.

#### Berakhot 2:1.a

In this section, the authors seem to discuss the differences between straightforward oppression & masking. Sadly, many words pun with “oppression” as well as “mask”, so it’s hard to say which is which.

> Encrypted: If it occurs that one is to be a citizen with appearances, and there arrives the time of being a citizen, only if one has been prepared in one’s mind, will there be a result. If not, there is no result.

> Official: If it occurs that one is reading from the Torah, and there arrives the time to recite, if then one is firm in one’s heart, then one is compliant. If not, one is not compliant.

> [If it] occurs
> היה hyh: be, occur
> היה hyh
> היה hyh: be, occur
> [If it] occurs
> [that one is to be] a citizen
> קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> קורא qwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite, read
> [that one] is reading
> with appearances,
> ב־ b-: with; תואר twˀr: look, appearance
> בתורה btwrh
> ב־ b-: in; תורה twrh: torah
> from the Torah,
> and there arrives
> הגע hgˁ: arrival, reaching
> והגיע whgyˁ
> הגע hgˁ: arrival, reaching
> and there arrives
> the time
> זמן zmn: summon, time
> זמן zmn
> זמן zmn: summon, time
> the time
> of [being] a citizen,
> מ־ m-: of; קוראי qwrˀy: citizen
> המקרא hmqrˀ
> מ־ m-: of; קרי qry: call, recite
> to recite,
> [only] if
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if then
> [one has been] prepared
> כון kwn: direct, prepare
> כון kwn
> כון kwn: correct, firm
> [one is] firm
> [in one’s] mind,
> לב lb: heart, mind
> לבו lbw
> לב lb: heart, mind
> [in one’s] heart,
> [will there be] a result.
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> then [one is] compliant.
> If
> ו w: and; אם ˀm: if
> ואם wˀm
> ו w: and; אם ˀm: if
> If
> not,
> לא lˀ: not
> לאו lˀw
> לא lˀ: not
> not,
> [there is] no
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [one is] not
> result.
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> compliant.

> Berakhot 2:1.a

#### Berakhot 2:1.b

> Encrypted: Now, with a veil rulers can demand things because of lies, and will be responded to. But with old-fashioned violence, rulers can demand things because of fear, and will also be responded to. These are the words of lord Meir. Lord Judah says:

> Official: Now, in the breaks of prayer, one may greet other people because of respect, and also respond to greetings. In the middle, one may greet other people because of fear of seeming impolite, and also respond to greetings. These are the words of rabbi Meir. Rabbi Judah says:

> [Now,] with a veil
> ב־ b-: with; ברק brq: veil; פרוכה prwkh: veil
> בפרקים bprqym
> ב־ b-: in; פרק prq: break
> [Now,] in the breaks [of prayer],
> [rulers] can demand [things]
> שאל šˀl: inquire, demand
> שואל šwˀl
> שאל šˀl: ask, greet
> [one] may greet [other people]
> because of
> מפני mpny: because of
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because of
> because of
> lies,
> כדב kdb: false, cheat, lying, liar
> הכבוד hkbwd
> כבד kbd: respect, honor
> respect,
> and will be responded to.
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> ומשיב wmšyb
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> and also respond [to greetings?].
> But with [old-fashioned] violence,
> ב־ b-: with; חמץ ḥmṣ: violence, subdue
> ובאמצע wbˀmṣˁ
> ב־ b-: in; אמצע ˀmṣˁ: middle
> In the middle,
> [rulers] can demand [things]
> שאל šˀl: inquire, demand
> שואל šwˀl
> שאל šˀl: ask, greet
> [one] may greet [other people]
> because of
> מפני mpny: because of
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because of
> because of
> fear,
> ירא yrˀ: fear, fearful
> היראה hyrˀh
> ירא yrˀ: fear, fearful
> fear [of seeming impolite??],
> and will [also] be responded to.
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> ומשיב wmšyb
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> and [also] respond [to greetings?].
> [These are] the words
> דבר dbr: word
> דברי dbry
> דבר dbr: word
> [These are] the words
> of lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> of rabbi
> Meir.
> מאיר mˀyr: Meir
> מאיר mˀyr
> מאיר mˀyr: Meir
> Meir.
> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Judah
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> יהודה yhwdh
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> Judah
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:

> Berakhot 2:1.b

#### Berakhot 2:1.c

> Encrypted: With violence, rulers can demand things because of fear, and will be responded to because of the pressure. But with a veil, rulers can demand things because of lies, and will be responded to in a complete & perfect fashion, by all people.

> Official: In the middle, one may greet other people because of fear, and also respond to greetings because of respect, In the breaks, one may greet other people because of respect, and also respond to greetings. in a complete & perfect fashion, to all people.

> With violence,
> ב־ b-: with; חמץ ḥmṣ: violence, subdue
> באמצע bˀmṣˁ
> ב־ b-: in; אמצע ˀmṣˁ: middle
> In the middle,
> [rulers] can demand [things]
> שאל šˀl: inquire, demand
> שואל šwˀl
> שאל šˀl: ask, greet
> [one] may greet [other people]
> because of
> מפני mpny: because of
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because of
> because of
> fear,
> ירא yrˀ: fear, feared, honored
> היראה hyrˀh
> ירא yrˀ: fear, feared, honored
> fear,
> and will be responded to
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> ומשיב wmšyb
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> and also respond [to greetings?]
> because of
> מפני mpny: because of
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because of
> because of
> the pressure.
> כבד kbd: heavy, pressure, important
> הכבוד hkbwd
> כבד kbd: respect, honor, glorified
> respect,
> [But] with a veil,
> ב־ b-: with; ברק brq: veil; פרוכה prwkh: veil
> בפרקים bprqym
> ב־ b-: in; פרק prq: break
> In the breaks,
> [rulers] can demand [things]
> שאל šˀl: inquire, demand
> שואל šwˀl
> שאל šˀl: ask, greet
> [one] may greet [other people]
> because of
> מפני mpny: because of
> מפני mpny
> מפני mpny: because of
> because of
> lies,
> כדב kdb: false, cheat, lying, liar
> הכבוד hkbwd
> כבד kbd: respect, honor
> respect,
> and will be responded to
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> ומשיב wmšyb
> מ־ m-: of; שוב šwb: answer, reply, respond
> and also respond [to greetings?].
> in a complete & perfect [fashion],
> שלם šlm: whole, complete, full, perfect
> שלום šlwm
> שלם šlm: whole, complete, full, perfect
> in a complete & perfect [fashion],
> by all
> ל l: to, by; כל kl: all
> לכל lkl
> ל l: to, by; כל kl: all
> to all
> people.
> אדם ˀdm: man
> אדם ˀdm
> אדם ˀdm: man
> people.

> Berakhot 2:1.c

### One must separate the steps of deception.

#### Berakhot 2:2.a

> Encrypted: These are the places between which one must separate: Between the governorship of a ruler and his disguise. Between the disguise and the servants. Between the servants and what has to occur if they are to obey. Between what has to occur if they are to obey and what has to be said. Between what has to be said and what is true and valid for the citizens. Lord Judah says: Between what is said and what is true and valid for the citizens, there must be no separation in the public opinion.

> Official: These are the places between which one must make breaks: Between the “blessing” first and the second. Between the second and “Shema”. Between “Shema” and “it will occur if you listen”. Between “it will occur if you listen” and “said”. Between “said” and “true and firm”. Rabbi Judah says: Between “said” and “true and firm”, one should not interrupt.

> These
> אלו ˀlw: these
> אלו ˀlw
> אלו ˀlw: these
> These
> are the places
> הן hn: where, wherever
> הן hn
> הן hn: where, wherever
> are the places
> between [which]
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> between [which]
> [one must] separate:
> פרק prq: break, separate
> הפרקים hprqym
> פרק prq: break, separate
> [one must] make breaks:
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> the governorship
> הפרכא hprkˀ: hyparchos, governor, prefect
> ברכה brkh
> ברך brk: bless
> the “blessing”
> of a ruler
> רישנא ryšnˀ: chief, ruler, nobleman
> ראשונה rˀšwnh
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> first
> and his disguise.
> ל־ l-: to; שני šny: disguise
> לשניה lšnyh
> ל־ l-: to; שני šny: second
> and the second.
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> the disguise
> שני šny: disguise
> שניה šnyh
> שני šny: second
> the second
> and the servants.
> ל־ l-: to; שמע šmˁ: servant, disciple; עצם ˁṣm: wealth, might, power
> לשמע lšmˁ
> ל־ l-: to; שמע šmˁ: Shema
> and “Shema”.
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> ובין wbyn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> the servants
> שמע šmˁ: servant, disciple; עצם ˁṣm: wealth, might, power
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> “Shema”
> and [what has to] occur
> ל־ l-: to; היה hyh: be, make, occur
> לוהיה lwhyh
> ל־ l-: to; היה hyh: be, make, occur
> and “[it will] occur
> if
> עם ˁm: people
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if, when
> if
> [they are to] obey.
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> you listen”.
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> [what has to] occur
> היה hyh: be, make, occur
> והיה whyh
> היה hyh: be, make, occur
> “[it will] occur
> if
> אם ˀm: when, whether
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if
> [they are to] obey
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> you listen”
> and [what has to] be said.
> ל־ l-: to; אמר ˀmr: say
> לויאמר lwyˀmr
> ל־ l-: to; אמר ˀmr: say
> and “said”.
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> [what has to] be said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> ויאמר wyˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> “said”
> and [what] is true
> ל־ l-: to; אמת ˀmt: truth, faith, reality
> לאמת lˀmt
> ל־ l-: to; אמת ˀmt: truth, faith, reality
> and “true
> and valid [for the citizens].
> יצב yṣb: validate, establish; יציב yṣyb: citizen
> ויציב wyṣyb
> יצב yṣb: set, stand, firm
> and firm”.
> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Judah
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> יהודה yhwdh
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> Judah
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> Between
> בין byn: between, among
> בין byn
> בין byn: between, among
> Between
> [what] is said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> ויאמר wyˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> “said”
> and [what] is true
> ל־ l-: to; אמת ˀmt: truth, faith, reality
> לאמת lˀmt
> ל־ l-: to; אמת ˀmt: truth, faith, reality
> and “true
> and valid [for the citizens],
> יצב yṣb: validate, establish; יציב yṣyb: citizen
> ויציב wyṣyb
> יצב yṣb: set, stand, firm
> and firm”,
> [there must be] no
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [one should] not
> separation [in the public opinion?].
> פסק psq: divide, split, interrupt
> יפסיק ypsyq
> פסק psq: divide, split, interrupt
> interrupt.

> Berakhot 2:2.a

### The servants must accept the yoke of oppression before being drained.

#### Berakhot 2:2.b

> Encrypted: Said lord Joshua ben Karha: Why does one have to anticipate of the servants what has to occur if they are to obey? Because only when they generally accept the yoke of a government that oppresses them, then one can begin with other things. such as making them accept the yoke of being drained by taxation.

> Official: Said rabbi Joshua ben Karha: Why precedes “Shema” the section “it occurs if you listen”? Only when one receives the yoke of the kingdom of heaven, then one can begin with other things, such as receiving the yoke of the commandments.

> Said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמר ˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> Said
> lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> rabbi
> Joshua ben Karha:
> יהושע בן קרחה yhwšˁ bn qrḥh: Joshua ben Karha
> יהושע בן קרחה yhwšˁ bn qrḥh
> יהושע בן קרחה yhwšˁ bn qrḥh: Joshua ben Karha
> Joshua ben Karha:
> Why
> ל־ l-: for; מה mh: what
> למה lmh
> ל־ l-: for; מה mh: what
> Why
> does [one have to] anticipate
> קדם qdm: anticipate
> קדמה qdmh
> קדם qdm: before
> precedes
> of the servants
> שמע šmˁ: servant, disciple
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> “Shema”
> [what has to] occur
> ל־ l-: to; היה hyh: be, make, occur
> לוהיה lwhyh
> ל־ l-: to; היה hyh: be, make, occur
> [the section] “it occurs
> if
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if
> [they are to] obey?
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> you listen”?
> [Because] only
> אלא ˀlˀ: only
> אלא ˀlˀ
> אלא ˀlˀ: only
> Only
> when
> כדי kdy: when, according
> כדי kdy
> כדי kdy: when, according
> when
> [they generally] accept
> ש־ š-: which; קבל qbl: accept, consent, obey
> שיקבל šyqbl
> ש־ š-: which; קבל qbl: receive
> [one] receives
> the yoke
> על ˁl: yoke
> עליו ˁlyw
> על ˁl: yoke
> the yoke
> of
> על ˁl: to, over
> על ˁl
> על ˁl: to, over
> of
> a government
> מלכות mlkwt: government
> מלכות mlkwt
> מלכות mlkwt: kingdom
> the kingdom
> that oppresses them,
> עשם ˁšm: oppress, force; ־ם -m: them
> שמים šmym
> שמים šmym: heaven
> of heaven,
> then [one can] begin
> תחל tḥl: begin
> תחלה tḥlh
> תחל tḥl: begin
> then [one can] begin
> with other [things].
> אחר ˀḥr: back, other
> ואחר wˀḥr
> אחר ˀḥr: back, other
> with other [things],
> such as
> כך kk: so, thus
> כך kk
> כך kk: so, thus
> such as
> [making them] accept
> ש־ š-: which; קבל qbl: accept, consent, obey
> יקבל yqbl
> קבל qbl: receive
> receiving
> the yoke
> על ˁl: yoke
> עליו ˁlyw
> על ˁl: yoke
> the yoke
> of
> על ˁl: to, over, by
> על ˁl
> על ˁl: to, over, by
> of
> being drained [by taxation].
> מצה mṣh: press out, squeeze, drained
> מצות mṣwt
> מצוה mṣwh: commandment
> the commandments.

> Berakhot 2:2.b

#### Berakhot 2:2.d

> Encrypted: And what has to occur if they are to obey, and what has to be said? That which has to occur if people are to obey is to lead them with confusion and with lies. Because what they think is not achievable by regular leadership, but only with confusion.

> Official: And between “it occurs if you listen” and “said”? That “it occurs if you listen” is a custom to say in prayer during the day and in the night. And “said” is not a custom to say in prayer, except during the day.

> And [what has to] occur
> היה hyh: be, occur
> והיה whyh
> היה hyh: be, occur
> And [between] “it occurs
> if
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if
> [they are to] obey,
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> you listen”
> and [what has to] be said?
> ל־ l-: to; אמר ˀmr: say
> לויאמר lwyˀmr
> ל־ l-: to; אמר ˀmr: say
> and “said”?
> That which [has to] occur
> ש־ š-: which; היה hyh: be, occur
> שוהיה šwhyh
> ש־ š-: which; היה hyh: be, occur
> That “it occurs
> if
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if
> [people are to] obey
> שעמם šˁmm: make dull, stupefy
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> you listen”
> is to lead [them]
> נהג nhg: drive, guide, lead
> נוהג nwhg
> נוהג nwhg: custom, ordinarily
> is a custom [to say in prayer?]
> with confusion [?]
> ב־ b-: with; עועים ˁwˁym: confusion
> ביום bywm
> ב־ b-: in; יום ywm: day
> during the day
> and with lies.
> ב־ b-: with; אליל ˀlyl: lie, falsehood
> ובלילה wblylh
> ב־ b-: in; לילה lylh: night
> and in the night.
> [Because what they] think [??]
> אמר ˀmr: think, decide
> ויאמר wyˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> And “said”
> is not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> אינו ˀynw
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> is not
> [achievable by regular] leadership,
> נהג nhg: drive, guide, lead
> נוהג nwhg
> נוהג nwhg: custom, ordinarily
> a custom [to say in prayer?],
> [but] only
> אלא ˀlˀ: only, unless, except
> אלא ˀlˀ
> אלא ˀlˀ: only, unless, except
> except
> with confusion [?].
> ב־ b-: with; עועים ˁwˁym: confusion
> ביום bywm
> ב־ b-: in; יום ywm: day
> during the day.

> Berakhot 2:2.d

### Obedience must be caused in the minds, not just superficially.

#### Berakhot 2:3.a

> Encrypted: When one is causing obedience but is not obeyed by really being listened to, that is still a result. Lord Yose says: That is not a real result! If obedience is caused, but not detailed to the last letter, lord Yose says, that is a result.

> Official: When one is reciting the Shema but it is not heard by any ear, that is still compliant. Rabbi Yose says: That is not really compliant! If the Shema is recited, but not detailed letter by letter, rabbi Yose says, that is compliant.

> [When one is] causing
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> הקורא hqwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> [When one is] reciting
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> obedience
> שמע šmˁ: obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> the Shema
> but is not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> but it is not
> obeyed
> שמע šmˁ: obey
> השמיע hšmyˁ
> שמע šmˁ: hear
> heard
> by [really] being listened to,
> ל־ l-: by; אזן ˀzn: listen, test, prove
> לאזנו lˀznw
> ל־ l-: by; אזן ˀzn: ear
> by any ear,
> [that is still] a result.
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> [that is still] compliant.
> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Yose
> יוסי ywsy: Yose
> יוסי ywsy
> יוסי ywsy: Yose
> Yose
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> That is not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> That is not
> a [real] result!
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> [really] compliant!
> [If obedience is] caused,
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> קרא qrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> [If the Shema is] recited,
> but not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> but not
> detailed
> דקדוק dqdwq: fine point, subtility, detail
> דקדק dqdq
> דקדוק dqdwq: fine point, subtility, detail
> detailed
> to the [last?] letter,
> ב־ b-: with; אות ˀwt: letter
> באותיותיה bˀwtywtyh
> ב־ b-: with; אות ˀwt: letter
> [letter] by letter,
> lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> rabbi
> Yose
> יוסי ywsy: Yose
> יוסי ywsy
> יוסי ywsy: Yose
> Yose
> says,
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says,
> [that] is a result.
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> [that] is compliant.

> Berakhot 2:3.a

#### Berakhot 2:3.b

> Encrypted: Lord Judah says: That is still not a real result! If obedience is caused, but the process is uncovered, then that is not a result. So if obedience is caused, but there was an error, one has to retract to the place where the error was made and correct it.

> Official: Rabbi Judah says: That is still not compliant! If it is recited, but is interrupted, that is not compliant! So if it is recited, but there was an error, one has to go back to the place where the error was made and correct it.

> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Judah
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> יהודה yhwdh
> יהודה yhwdh: Judah
> Judah
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> That is [still] not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> That is [still] not
> a [real] result!
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> compliant!
> If [obedience] is caused,
> קרי qry: call, recite
> הקורא hqwrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> If it is recited,
> [but the process is] uncovered,
> ל־ l-: to; מפרע mprˁ: open, uncovered, naked
> למפרע lmprˁ
> ל־ l-: to; מפרע mprˁ: disturbed, interrupted
> [but] is interrupted,
> [then] that is not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> that is not
> a result.
> יצא yṣˀ: come out, result, produce
> יצא yṣˀ
> יצא yṣˀ: go out, comply, released
> compliant!
> [So] if [obedience] is caused,
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> קרא qrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> [So] if it is recited,
> but there was an error,
> טעה ṭˁh: error, mistaken
> וטעה wṭˁh
> טעה ṭˁh: error, mistaken
> but there was an error,
> [one has to] retract
> חזר ḥzr: retract
> יחזר yḥzr
> חזר ḥzr: go back, return
> [one has to] go back
> to the place
> ל־ l-: to; מקם mqm: place, position
> למקום lmqwm
> ל־ l-: to; מקם mqm: place, position
> to the place
> where the error was made [and correct it].
> ש־ š-: which; טעה ṭˁh: mistaken, error
> שטעה šṭˁh
> ש־ š-: which; טעה ṭˁh: mistaken, error
> where the error was made [and correct it].

> Berakhot 2:3.b

#### Berakhot 2:4.a

> Encrypted: Trust & faith can be caused from on the height of leadership or from on the height of your nobility, but one would still not be permitted by the people to do it like this with very improper things.

> Official: A craftsman can recite from on the top of a tree or from on the top of a layer of bricks, but he is not authorized to do it like this with the Tefillah.

> Trust & faith [?]
> אמן ˀmn: truth, trust, faithfulness
> האמנין hˀmnyn
> אמן ˀmn: craft, business
> A craftsman
> can be caused
> קרי qry: proclaim, declare, cause
> קורין qwryn
> קרי qry: call, recite
> can recite
> [from] on the height
> ב־ b-: on; ראש rˀš: top, height
> בראש brˀš
> ב־ b-: on; ראש rˀš: top, height
> [from] on the top
> of leadership
> איל ˀyl: chief, leader; ־ן -n: (suffix)
> האילן hˀyln
> אילן ˀyln: tree
> of a tree
> or
> או ˀw: or
> או ˀw
> או ˀw: or
> or
> [from] on the height
> ב־ b-: on; ראש rˀš: top, height
> בראש brˀš
> ב־ b-: on; ראש rˀš: top, height
> [from] on the top
> of your nobility,
> נדיבה ndybh: nobility; ־ך -k: your
> הנדבך hndbk
> נדבך ndbk: course of bricks
> of a layer of bricks,
> [but one]
> מה mh: which, what
> מה mh
> מה mh: which, what
> [but he]
> [would still] not
> ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
> שאינן šˀynn
> ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
> is not
> be permitted [by the people]
> רשאי ršˀy: empowered, entitled to
> רשאין ršˀyn
> רשאי ršˀy: permitted, authorized
> authorized
> to do it
> ל־ l-: to; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
> לעשות lˁšwt
> ל־ l-: to; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
> to do it
> like this
> כן kn: thus, so
> כן kn
> כן kn: thus, so
> like this
> with [very] improper [things].
> תפלה tplh: unseemliness, folly, impropriety
> בתפלה btplh
> תפלה tplh: Tefillah
> with the Tefillah.

> Berakhot 2:4.a

## Exceptional situations

### At the beginning of a term, rulers may rule through fear.

#### Berakhot 2:5.a

> Encrypted: When ruling by fear, one is exempt from having to cause obedience with lies & falsehoods at the beginning, while the crowds are still being subdued, if one has not yet created a good fiction.

> Official: A bridegroom is exempt from reciting the shema in the night the first, until the end of sabbath, if he has not yet performed the deed.

> [When ruling by] fear,
> חת ḥt: fear, terror; ־ן -n: (suffix)
> חתן ḥtn
> חתן ḥtn: bridegroom
> A bridegroom
> [one] is exempt
> פטור pṭwr: exempt, free
> פטור pṭwr
> פטור pṭwr: exempt, free
> is exempt
> from [having to] cause
> מ־ m-: from; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> מקריאת mqryˀt
> מ־ m-: from; קרי qry: call, recite
> from reciting
> obedience
> שמע šmˁ: obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> the shema
> with lies & falsehoods
> ב־ b-: with; אליל ˀlyl: lie, falsehood
> בלילה blylh
> ב־ b-: in; לילה lylh: night
> in the night
> at the beginning,
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> הראשון hrˀšwn
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> the first,
> while
> עד ˁd: while
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: until
> until
> the crowds [??]
> מ־ m-: of; עצי ˁṣy: oppress; עיצא ˁyṣˀ: throng, crowd
> מוצאי mwṣˀy
> מ־ m-: of; יצא yṣˀ: end
> the end
> are [still] being subdued [??],
> שביתא šbytˀ: captives; זבט zbṭ: subdue, conquer, subject
> שבת šbt
> שבת šbt: sabbath
> of sabbath,
> if
> אם ˀm: if
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if
> if
> [one has] not [yet]
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [he has] not [yet]
> created
> עשה ˁšh: make, create, perform
> עשה ˁšh
> עשה ˁšh: make, create, perform
> performed
> a [good] fiction.
> מעשה mˁšh: manufacture, artificial, fictitious
> מעשה mˁšh
> מעשה mˁšh: deed, event, happen, fact
> the deed.

> Berakhot 2:5.a

#### Berakhot 2:5.a

> Encrypted: This happened with lord Gamliel, who always caused it with lies & falsehoods even at the beginning of his rulership. Said to him his disciples: Did we not learn from you milord, that as for ruling by fear, one is exempt from causing obedience with lies & falsehoods at the beginning?

> Official: This happened with rabban Gamliel, who always recited it in the night even the first of his marriage. Said to him his disciples: Did we not learn from you rabban, that a bridegroom is exempt from reciting the shema in the night the first?

> This happened
> מעשה mˁšh: event, happen
> מעשה mˁšh
> מעשה mˁšh: event, happen
> This happened
> with lord
> ב־ b-: with; רבן rbn: lord
> ברבן brbn
> ב־ b-: with; רבן rbn: rabban
> with rabban
> Gamliel,
> גמליאל gmlyˀl: Gamliel
> גמליאל gmlyˀl
> גמליאל gmlyˀl: Gamliel
> Gamliel,
> who [always] caused [it]
> ש־ š-: who; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> שקרא šqrˀ
> ש־ š-: who; קרי qry: call, recite
> who [always] recited [it]
> with lies & falsehoods
> ב־ b-: with; אליל ˀlyl: lie, falsehood
> בלילה blylh
> ב־ b-: in; לילה lylh: night
> in the night
> [even] at the beginning
> ראשון rˀšwn: first, beginning
> הראשון hrˀšwn
> ראשון rˀšwn: first, beginning
> [even] the first
> of his rulership.
> ש־ š-: which; נשיא nšyˀ: exalt, prince, ruler
> שנשא šnšˀ
> ש־ š-: which; נשא nšˀ: lift up, marry
> of his marriage.
> Said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמרו ˀmrw
> אמר ˀmr: say
> Said
> to him
> לו lw: to him
> לו lw
> לו lw: to him
> to him
> his disciples:
> תלמיד tlmyd: disciple, student
> תלמידיו tlmydyw
> תלמיד tlmyd: disciple, student
> his disciples:
> [Did we] not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [Did we] not
> learn
> למד lmd: learn
> למדתנו lmdtnw
> למד lmd: learn
> learn
> [from you] milord,
> רבן rbn: lord
> רבנו rbnw
> רבן rbn: rabban
> [from you] rabban,
> [that as for ruling by] fear,
> ש־ š-: that; חת ḥt: fear, terror; ־ן -n: (suffix)
> שחתן šḥtn
> ש־ š-: that; חתן ḥtn: bridegroom
> that a bridegroom
> [one] is exempt
> פטור pṭwr: exempt, free
> פטור pṭwr
> פטור pṭwr: exempt, free
> is exempt
> from causing
> מ־ m-: from; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> מקריאת mqryˀt
> מ־ m-: from; קרי qry: call, recite
> from reciting
> obedience
> שמע šmˁ: obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> the shema
> with lies & falsehoods
> ב־ b-: with; אליל ˀlyl: lie, falsehood
> בלילה blylh
> ב־ b-: in; לילה lylh: night
> in the night
> at the beginning?
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> הראשון hrˀšwn
> ראשון rˀšwn: first
> the first?

> Berakhot 2:5.a

#### Berakhot 2:5.b

> Encrypted: He said to them: I will not listen to you, if it is to separate from me the ruling through falsehood even for a moment just one.

> Official: He said to them: I will not listen to you, if it is to separate from me the kingdom of heavens even for a moment just one.

> [He] said
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אמר ˀmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> [He] said
> to them:
> להם lhm: to them
> להם lhm
> להם lhm: to them
> to them:
> [I will] not
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> איני ˀyny
> אין ˀyn: no, not
> [I will] not
> listen
> שמע šmˁ: listen
> שומע šwmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: listen
> listen
> to you,
> לכם lkm: to you
> לכם lkm
> לכם lkm: to you
> to you,
> [if it is] to separate
> ל־ l-: to; בטל bṭl: stop, suspend
> לבטל lbṭl
> ל־ l-: to; בטל bṭl: stop, suspend
> [if it is] to separate
> from me
> ממני mmny: from me
> ממני mmny
> ממני mmny: from me
> from me
> the ruling
> מלכות mlkwt: kingdom, government
> מלכות mlkwt
> מלכות mlkwt: kingdom, government
> the kingdom
> through falsehood
> זמם zmm: plan, scheme, false testimony
> שמים šmym
> שמים šmym: heaven
> of heavens
> even
> אפלו ˀplw: even
> אפלו ˀplw
> אפלו ˀplw: even
> even
> for a moment
> שעה šˁh: moment
> שעה šˁh
> שעה šˁh: moment
> for a moment
> just one.
> אחת ˀḥt: one
> אחת ˀḥt
> אחת ˀḥt: one
> just one.

> Berakhot 2:5.b

### After a sudden succession, rulers may rule through fear.

#### Berakhot 3:1.a

> Encrypted: Someone who suddenly has a dead ruling relative placed before him to succeed him, is of course exempt from causing obedience like that, from the plastering and from the subtleties.

> Official: Someone who has a dead relative placed before him, is of course exempt from reciting the Shema, from the Tefillah and from carrying phylacteries.

> Someone
> מי my: someone
> מי my
> מי my: someone
> Someone
> [who suddenly has] a dead [ruling relative?]
> ש־ š-: that; מות mwt: die, dead, death
> שמתו šmtw
> ש־ š-: that; מות mwt: die, dead, death
> [who has] a dead [relative?]
> placed
> מטל mṭl: put, placed
> מוטל mwṭl
> מטל mṭl: put, placed
> placed
> before him [to succeed him?],
> לפני lpny: more than, before
> לפניו lpnyw
> לפני lpny: more than, before
> before him,
> is [of course] exempt
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> פטור pṭwr
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> is [of course] exempt
> from causing
> מ־ m-: of; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> מקריאת mqryˀt
> מ־ m-: from; קרי qry: call, recite
> from reciting
> obedience [like that],
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> the Shema,
> from
> מן mn: from
> מן mn
> מן mn: from
> from
> the plastering [?]
> תפל tpl: plaster, whitewash
> התפלה htplh
> תפלה tplh: Tefillah, prayer
> the Tefillah
> and from
> מן mn: from
> ומן wmn
> מן mn: from
> and from
> the subtleties [?].
> תפל tpl: twist, subtle; ־ין -yn: (plural)
> התפלין htplyn
> תפילה tpylh: phylactery; ־ין -yn: (plural)
> [carrying] phylacteries.

> Berakhot 3:1.a

#### Berakhot 3:1.b

> Encrypted: As for the ruling families, and their successors, and the successors of their successors, i.e. those who are still before having the scepter and those who are after having the scepter:

> Official: As for the carriers of the bier, and their substitutes, and the substitutes of their substitutes, i.e. those who come before the bier and those who come after the bier:

> [As for] the ruling
> נשיא nšyˀ: prince, chief, ruler
> נושאי nwšˀy
> נושא nwšˀ: carrier, bearer
> [As for] the carriers
> families,
> מטה mṭh: family, offspring
> המטה hmṭh
> מטה mṭh: bed, frame, bier
> of the bier,
> and their successors,
> חלף ḥlp: succeeded; חליפה ḥlyph: successor
> וחלופיהן wḥlwpyhn
> חלף ḥlp: replace, substitute
> and their substitutes,
> and the successors
> חלף ḥlp: succeeded; חליפה ḥlyph: successor
> וחלופי wḥlwpy
> חלף ḥlp: replace, substitute
> and the substitutes
> of their successors,
> חלף ḥlp: succeeded; חליפה ḥlyph: successor
> חלופיהן ḥlwpyhn
> חלף ḥlp: replace, substitute
> of their substitutes,
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> [i.e.] those who [are still] before
> ש־ š-: who; לפני lpny: before
> שלפני šlpny
> ש־ š-: who; לפני lpny: before
> [i.e.] those who [come] before
> [having] the scepter
> מטה mṭh: rod, staff, scepter
> המטה hmṭh
> מטה mṭh: bed, frame, bier
> the bier
> and
> את ˀt: to
> ואת wˀt
> את ˀt: to
> and
> those who [are] after
> ש־ š-: who; לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> שלאחר šlˀḥr
> ש־ š-: who; לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> those who [come] after
> [having] the scepter:
> מטה mṭh: rod, staff, scepter
> המטה hmṭh
> מטה mṭh: bed, frame, bier
> the bier:
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to

> Berakhot 3:1.b

#### Berakhot 3:1.c

> Encrypted: Those who are to officially carry the scepter, of the requirement to cause obedience with lies among them they are exempt. Those who are not to officially carry the scepter, to the requirement to cause obedience with lies among them they are still obligated. But both these and those are exempt from plastering up their true self.

> Official: Those who are to carry the bier, of the requirement to recite the Shema among them they are exempt. Those who are not to carry the bier, to the requirement to recite the Shema among them they are still obligated. But both these and those are exempt from reciting the Tefillah prayer.

> Those who are to [officially carry] the scepter,
> ש־ š-: who; ל־ l-: to; מטה mṭh: rod, staff, scepter
> שלמטה šlmṭh
> ש־ š-: who; ל־ l-: to; מטה mṭh: bed, frame, bier
> Those who are to [carry] the bier,
> of the requirement [to cause obedience with lies]
> צרך ṣrk: need, requirement
> צרך ṣrk
> צרך ṣrk: need, requirement
> of the requirement [to recite the Shema]
> among them
> ב־ b-: among; הן hn: they
> בהן bhn
> ב־ b-: among; הן hn: they
> among them
> they are exempt.
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> פטורים pṭwrym
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> they are exempt.
> את ˀt: to
> ואת wˀt
> את ˀt: to
> Those who [are] not
> ש־ š-: who; אין ˀyn: not
> שאין šˀyn
> ש־ š-: who; אין ˀyn: not
> Those who [are] not
> to [officially carry] the scepter,
> ל־ l-: to; מטה mṭh: rod, staff, scepter
> למטה lmṭh
> ל־ l-: to; מטה mṭh: bed, frame, bier
> to [carry] the bier,
> [to] the requirement [to cause obedience with lies]
> צרך ṣrk: need, requirement
> צרך ṣrk
> צרך ṣrk: need, requirement
> [to] the requirement [to recite the Shema]
> among them
> ב־ b-: among; הן hn: they
> בהן bhn
> ב־ b-: among; הן hn: they
> among them
> they are [still] obligated.
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> חיבין ḥybyn
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> they are [still] obligated.
> [But both] these
> אלה ˀlh: these
> אלו ˀlw
> אלה ˀlh: these
> [But both] these
> and those
> אלה ˀlh: these
> ואלו wˀlw
> אלה ˀlh: these
> and those
> are exempt
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> פטורים pṭwrym
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> are exempt
> from
> מן mn: of, from
> מן mn
> מן mn: of, from
> from
> plastering up [their true self?].
> תפל tpl: plaster, whitewash
> התפלה htplh
> תפלה tplh: Tefillah, prayer
> [reciting] the Tefillah prayer.

> Berakhot 3:1.c

#### Berakhot 3:2.a

> Encrypted: After the successors have buried the dead ruling relative and need to restore rulership, if they are still able to start and to finish a scheme to rule by lies while they have not reached the office of rulership, then they should start with it. If not, then they should not start with it.

> Official: After people have buried the dead relative and return to the mourning ceremony, if they are still able to start and to finish the Shema prayer while they have not reached the row or mourning people, then they should start with it. If not, then they should not start with it.

> [After the successors] have buried
> קבר qbr: bury, grave
> קברו qbrw
> קבר qbr: bury, grave
> [After people] have buried
> את ˀt: to
> את ˀt
> את ˀt: to
> the dead [ruling relative?]
> מת mt: die, dead, death
> המת hmt
> מת mt: die, dead, death
> the dead [relative]
> and [need to] restore [rulership],
> חזר ḥzr: restore
> וחזרו wḥzrw
> חזר ḥzr: return
> and return [to the mourning ceremony?],
> if
> אם ˀm: if, when
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if, when
> if
> they are [still] able
> יכל ykl: can, able
> יכולין ykwlyn
> יכל ykl: can, able
> they are [still] able
> to start
> ל־ l-: to; תחל tḥl: begin, start
> להתחיל lhtḥyl
> ל־ l-: to; תחל tḥl: begin, start
> to start
> and to finish [a scheme to rule by lies]
> ל־ l-: to; גמר gmr: complete, finish
> ולגמר wlgmr
> ל־ l-: to; גמר gmr: complete, finish
> and to finish [the Shema prayer]
> while
> עד ˁd: while, until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until
> while
> [they have] not
> ש־ š-: that; לא lˀ: not
> שלא šlˀ
> ש־ š-: that; לא lˀ: not
> [they have] not
> reached
> נגע ngˁ: reach
> יגיעו ygyˁw
> נגע ngˁ: reach
> reached
> the office of rulership,
> ל־ l-: to; שררה šrrh: rule, rulership, authority, office
> לשורה lšwrh
> ל־ l-: to; שורה šwrh: line, row
> the row [or mourning people?],
> [then they should] start [with it].
> תחל tḥl: begin, start
> יתחילו ytḥylw
> תחל tḥl: begin, start
> [then they should] start [with it].
> If
> אם ˀm: if, when
> ואם wˀm
> אם ˀm: if, when
> If
> not,
> לא lˀ: not
> לאו lˀw
> לא lˀ: not
> not,
> [then they should] not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [then they should] not
> start [with it].
> תחל tḥl: begin, start
> יתחילו ytḥylw
> תחל tḥl: begin, start
> start [with it].

> Berakhot 3:2.a

#### Berakhot 3:2.b

> Encrypted: As for those who already stand in the office of rulership, if they are directly facing it they are exempt from a scheme to rule by lies, while those at the outer rows are obligated to rule by lies.

> Official: As for those who already stand at the row of mourners, if they are directly facing it they are exempt from the Shema prayer, while those at the outer rows are obligated to recite it.

> [As for those who already] stand
> עמד ˁmd: stand
> העומדים hˁwmdym
> עמד ˁmd: stand
> [As for those who already] stand
> in the office of rulership,
> ב־ b-: in, at; שררה šrrh: rule, rulership, authority, office
> בשורה bšwrh
> ב־ b-: in, at; שורה šwrh: line, row
> at the row [of mourners?],
> [if they are directly] facing it
> פנים pnym: face, front
> הפנימים hpnymym
> פנים pnym: face, front
> [if they are directly] facing it
> they are exempt [from a scheme to rule by lies],
> פטר pṭr: free, exempt
> פטורים pṭwrym
> פטר pṭr: free, exempt
> they are exempt [from the Shema prayer],
> [while those at] the outer [rows]
> חיצון ḥyṣwn: outer, external
> והחיצונים whḥyṣwnym
> חיצון ḥyṣwn: outer, external
> [while those at] the outer [rows]
> are obligated [to rule by lies].
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> חיבין ḥybyn
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> are obligated [to recite it].

> Berakhot 3:2.b

#### Berakhot 3:3.a

> Encrypted: Insider slaves and servants and commoners are exempt from having to cause obedience by lies, and from the detailed subtleties, but they are generally obligated in plastering and in puffing up and in polishing the decoration.

> Official: Women and slaves and minors are exempt from having to recite the Shema, and from the phylacteries, but they are generally obligated in the Tefillah prayer and in the doorpost prayer, and in saying blessings after a meal.

> [Insider] slaves
> נישא nyšˀ: serfs, slaves; ־ים -ym: (plural)
> נשים nšym
> נשים nšym: women
> Women
> and servants
> עבד ˁbd: servant, slave
> ועבדים wˁbdym
> עבד ˁbd: servant, slave
> and slaves
> and commoners
> קטון qṭwn: common populace, masses
> וקטנים wqṭnym
> קטן qṭn: small, minor
> and minors
> are exempt
> פטר pṭr: free, exempt
> פטורין pṭwryn
> פטר pṭr: free, exempt
> are exempt
> from [having to] cause
> מ־ m-: of; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> מקריאת mqryˀt
> מ־ m-: of; קרי qry: call, recite
> from [having to] recite
> obedience [by lies],
> שמע šmˁ: listen, obey
> שמע šmˁ
> שמע šmˁ: Shema
> the Shema,
> and from
> מן mn: of, from
> ומן wmn
> מן mn: of, from
> and from
> the [detailed] subtleties,
> תפל tpl: twist, subtle; ־ין -yn: (plural)
> התפלין htplyn
> תפילה tpylh: phylactery; ־ין -yn: (plural)
> the phylacteries,
> but they are [generally] obligated
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> וחיבין wḥybyn
> חיב ḥyb: guilty, bound, obliged
> but they are [generally] obligated
> in plastering
> ב־ b-: in; תפל tpl: whitewash, plaster
> בתפלה btplh
> ב־ b-: in; תפלה tplh: Tefillah, prayer
> in the Tefillah prayer
> and in puffing up
> ב־ b-: in; מ־ m-: of; זוזי zwzy: swell up, puffed up
> ובמזוזה wbmzwzh
> ב־ b-: in; מזוזה mzwzh: doorpost
> and in the doorpost [prayer],
> and in polishing
> ב־ b-: in; ברק brq: flash, shine, polish
> ובברכת wbbrkt
> ב־ b-: in; ברך brk: bless
> and in [saying] blessings
> the decoration.
> מ־ m-: of; זון zwn: outfit, decorate, gird
> המזון hmzwn
> מ־ m-: of; זון zwn: nourish, food
> [after] a meal.

> Berakhot 3:3.a

### Once the mockery is damaged, one cannot uphold a polished form.

#### Berakhot 3:4.a

> Encrypted: A ruler who has had an incident and is damaged in his mockery can not do the polishing any more, not before and not after holding office.

> Official: A person who has had a seminal emission and is troubled in his heart may not recite a blessing, not before and not after the Shema prayer.

> [A ruler who] has had
> בעל bˁl: owner, possess
> בעל bˁl
> בעל bˁl: owner, possess
> [A person who] has had
> an incident
> קרי qry: accident, incident
> קרי qry
> קרי qry: lose semen
> a seminal emission [?]
> and is damaged [?]
> מ־ m-: of; הרר hrr: damage, trouble
> מהרהר mhrhr
> מ־ m-: of; הרר hrr: damage, trouble
> and is troubled [?]
> in his mockery
> ב־ b-: in; לעב lˁb: mockery
> בלבו blbw
> ב־ b-: in; לב lb: heart
> in his heart
> [can?] not
> אין ˀyn: not
> ואינו wˀynw
> אין ˀyn: not
> [may] not
> [do] the polishing [any more],
> מ־ m-: of; ברק brq: flash, shine, polish
> מברך mbrk
> מ־ m-: of; ברך brk: bless
> [recite] a blessing,
> not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> not
> before
> לפני lpny: before
> לפניה lpnyh
> לפני lpny: before
> before
> and not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> and not
> after [holding office?].
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> לאחריה lˀḥryh
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> after [the Shema prayer].

> Berakhot 3:4.a

#### Berakhot 3:4.a

> Encrypted: When putting over oneself an outfit, one must be polished after it, but one must not be polished before it. Lord Yehudah says: One must be polished before them and after them.

> Official: When being over a meal, one must recite a blessing after it, but one must not recite a blessing before it. Rabbi Yehudah says: One must recite a blessing before them and after them.

> [When putting] over [oneself]
> על ˁl: upon, over
> ועל wˁl
> על ˁl: upon, over
> [When being] over
> an outfit,
> מ־ m-: of; זון zwn: outfit, decorate, gird
> המזון hmzwn
> מ־ m-: of; זון zwn: nourish, food
> a meal,
> [one must] be polished
> מ־ m-: of; ברק brq: flash, shine, polish
> מברך mbrk
> מ־ m-: of; ברך brk: bless
> [one must recite] a blessing
> after [it],
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> לאחריו lˀḥryw
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind
> after [it],
> but [one must] not
> אין ˀyn: not
> ואינו wˀynw
> אין ˀyn: not
> but [one must] not
> be polished
> מ־ m-: of; ברק brq: flash, shine, polish
> מברך mbrk
> מ־ m-: of; ברך brk: bless
> [recite] a blessing
> before [it].
> לפני lpny: before
> לפניו lpnyw
> לפני lpny: before
> before [it].
> Lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> רבי rby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> Rabbi
> Yehudah
> יהודה yhwdh: Yehudah
> יהודה yhwdh
> יהודה yhwdh: Yehudah
> Yehudah
> says:
> אמר ˀmr: say
> אומר ˀwmr
> אמר ˀmr: say
> says:
> [One must] be polished
> מ־ m-: of; ברק brq: flash, shine, polish
> מברך mbrk
> מ־ m-: of; ברך brk: bless
> [One must recite] a blessing
> before them
> לפני lpny: before; הם hm: them
> לפניהם lpnyhm
> לפני lpny: before; הם hm: them
> before them
> and after them.
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind; הם hm: them
> ולאחריהם wlˀḥryhm
> לאחרי lˀḥry: behind; הם hm: them
> and after them.

> Berakhot 3:4.a

### After incidents, one must be cautious while immersed in the crowds.

#### Berakhot 3:5.a

> Encrypted: There are established various rules about follies to avoid: While disguised, if one remembers that one has had an incident compromising the secrecy, one should still not interrupt the deception, but only shorten it.

> Official: There are established various rules about follies to avoid: While praying, if one remembers that one has had a seminal emission, one should still not interrupt the prayer, but only shorten it.

> There are
> היה hyh: be
> היה hyh
> היה hyh: be
> There are
> established [various rules]
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> עומד ˁwmd
> עמד ˁmd: set up, establish
> established [various rules]
> about follies [to avoid]:
> ב־ b-: with; תפלה tplh: unseemliness, impropriety, folly
> בתפלה btplh
> ב־ b-: with; תפלה tplh: unseemliness, impropriety, folly
> about follies [to avoid]:
> [While disguised, if one] remembers
> נ־ n-: make; זכר zkr: remember
> ונזכר wnzkr
> נ־ n-: make; זכר zkr: remember
> [While praying, if one] remembers
> that [one]
> ש־ š-: that; הוא hwˀ: he
> שהוא šhwˀ
> ש־ š-: that; הוא hwˀ: he
> that [one]
> has had
> בעל bˁl: owner, possess
> בעל bˁl
> בעל bˁl: owner, possess
> has had
> an incident [compromising the secrecy?],
> קרי qry: accident, incident
> קרי qry
> קרי qry: lose semen
> a seminal emission,
> [one should still] not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [one should still] not
> interrupt [the deception],
> פסק psq: cut, interrupt
> יפסיק ypsyq
> פסק psq: cut, interrupt
> interrupt [the prayer],
> [but] only
> אלא ˀlˀ: if not, except, only
> אלא ˀlˀ
> אלא ˀlˀ: if not, except, only
> [but] only
> shorten [it].
> קצר qṣr: cut, shorten
> יקצר yqṣr
> קצר qṣr: cut, shorten
> shorten [it].

> Berakhot 3:5.a

#### Berakhot 3:5.b

> Encrypted: If one remembers an error while one goes down to immerse oneself in the crowds, if one is still able to go up, to cover up oneself properly and to cause obedience while not yet is kindled any anger, then one should really go up, cover up oneself properly and cause obedience like that. If not, then one should conceal oneself among the people and cause obedience like that.

> Official: If one remembers to pray while one goes down to immerse oneself for a rutual bath, if one is still able to go up, to cover up oneself properly and to recite the Shema prayer while not yet shines the sun, then one should really go up, cover up oneself properly and recite the Shema prayer. If not, then one should cover oneself in the water and recite like that.

> [If one remembers an error while one] goes down
> ירד yrd: go down, descend
> ירד yrd
> ירד yrd: go down, descend
> [If one remembers to pray while one] goes down
> to immerse [oneself in the crowds],
> ל־ l-: to; טבל ṭbl: dip, immerse
> לטבל lṭbl
> ל־ l-: to; טבל ṭbl: dip, immerse
> to immerse [oneself for a rutual bath],
> if
> אם ˀm: if, when
> אם ˀm
> אם ˀm: if, when
> if
> [one is still] able
> יכל ykl: can, able
> יכול ykwl
> יכל ykl: can, able
> [one is still] able
> to go up,
> ל־ l-: to; עלה ˁlh: go up, ascend
> לעלות lˁlwt
> ל־ l-: to; עלה ˁlh: go up, ascend
> to go up,
> to cover up [oneself properly]
> ל־ l-: to; כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> ולהתכסות wlhtkswt
> ל־ l-: to; כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> to cover up [oneself properly]
> and to cause [obedience]
> ל־ l-: to; קרי qry: invoke, cause
> ולקרות wlqrwt
> ל־ l-: to; קרי qry: call, recite
> and to recite [the Shema prayer]
> while
> עד ˁd: while, until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until
> while
> not [yet]
> ש־ š-: that; לא lˀ: not
> שלא šlˀ
> ש־ š-: that; לא lˀ: not
> not [yet]
> is kindled
> נצץ nṣṣ: shine, sparkle, kindle
> תנץ tnṣ
> נצץ nṣṣ: shine, sparkle, kindle
> shines
> [any] anger,
> חמה ḥmh: fierceness, anger
> החמה hḥmh
> חמה ḥmh: heat, sun
> the sun,
> [then one should really] go up,
> עלה ˁlh: go up, ascend
> יעלה yˁlh
> עלה ˁlh: go up, ascend
> [then one should really] go up,
> cover up [oneself properly]
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> ויתכסה wytksh
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> cover up [oneself properly]
> and cause [obedience like that].
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> ויקרא wyqrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> and recite [the Shema prayer].
> If
> אם ˀm: if, when
> ואם wˀm
> אם ˀm: if, when
> If
> not,
> לא lˀ: not
> לאו lˀw
> לא lˀ: not
> not,
> [then one should] conceal [oneself]
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> יתכסה ytksh
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> [then one should] cover [oneself]
> among the people
> ב־ b-: among; עמים ˁmym: people
> במים bmym
> ב־ b-: in; מים mym: water
> in the water
> and cause [obedience like that].
> קרי qry: invoke, cause
> ויקרא wyqrˀ
> קרי qry: call, recite
> and recite [like that].

> Berakhot 3:5.b

### One mustn’t immerse in rebellous crowds until they are disciplined.

#### Berakhot 3:5.c

> Encrypted: But one may not cover oneself like this: not among people who might do harm, and not among people who are rebelling, until one imposes order in the middle of these people.

> Official: But one may not cover oneself like this: not in water that is bad and not in water for soaking flax, until one pours fresh water in the middle of this water.

> But
> אבל ˀbl: but
> אבל ˀbl
> אבל ˀbl: but
> But
> [one may] not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> [one may] not
> cover [oneself like this]:
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> יתכסה ytksh
> כסי ksy: cover, hide, conceal
> cover [oneself like this]:
> not
> לא lˀ: not
> לא lˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> not
> among people
> ב־ b-: among; עמים ˁmym: people
> במים bmym
> ב־ b-: in; מים mym: water
> in water
> [who might do] harm,
> רע rˁ: evil, harm
> הרעים hrˁym
> רע rˁ: bad
> [that] is bad
> and not
> לא lˀ: not
> ולא wlˀ
> לא lˀ: not
> and not
> among people
> ב־ b-: among; עם ˁm: people
> במי bmy
> ב־ b-: in; מי my: water
> in water
> [who] are rebelling,
> מ־ m-: of; סרה srh: revolt, rebellion
> המשרה hmšrh
> מ־ m-: of; שרה šrh: immerse, soak
> [for] soaking [flax?],
> until
> עד ˁd: while, until
> עד ˁd
> עד ˁd: while, until
> until
> [one] imposes [order?]
> ש־ š-: that; נטל nṭl: impose, burden
> שיטיל šyṭyl
> ש־ š-: that; נטל nṭl: draw water, pour water
> [one] pours [fresh water]
> in the middle
> ל־ l-: to; תוך twk: middle
> לתוכן ltwkn
> ל־ l-: to; תוך twk: middle
> in the middle
> of [these] people.
> עמים ˁmym: people
> מים mym
> מים mym: water
> of [this] water.

> Berakhot 3:5.c

#### Berakhot 3:5.d

> Encrypted: How long should one distance oneself from these, from the unwashed filth? Until the crowd is again faithful.

> Official: How much should one distance oneself from these, from excrements? Four cubits.

> How long [?]
> כמה kmh: how much, when, as long as
> וכמה wkmh
> כמה kmh: how much, when, as long as
> How much
> [should one] distance [oneself]
> רחק rḥq: far, distance, keep off
> ירחיק yrḥyq
> רחק rḥq: far, distance, keep off
> [should one] distance [oneself]
> from these,
> מ־ m-: from; הם hm: they
> מהם mhm
> מ־ m-: from; הם hm: they
> from these,
> from
> מן mn: of, from
> ומן wmn
> מן mn: of, from
> from
> the unwashed filth?
> צאה ṣˀh: unwashed, filth
> הצואה hṣwˀh
> צאה ṣˀh: excrement, dung
> excrements?
> [Until?] the crowd
> ערובא ˁrwbˀ: mixed crowd, rabble, common people
> ארבע ˀrbˁ
> ארבע ˀrbˁ: four
> Four
> [is again?] faithful [?].
> אמת ˀmt: stability, truth, faithfulness
> אמות ˀmwt
> אמה / אמות ˀmh / ˀmwt: cubit
> cubits.

> Berakhot 3:5.d

### If one is suspected or isolated, one must cover oneself quickly.

#### Berakhot 3:6.a

> Encrypted: One who has his cover pierced and sees that there has been an incident, or one who is isolated and who has given out his cover and scattered it, or one who is suspected and sees that he is isolated, they all need to immerse themselves in some cover. But lord Yehudah exempts this.

> Official: One who has gonorrhea and sees that he has a seminal discharge, or a woman during her menstrual period who discharges of the intercourse with her husband the semen, or a woman who lies with her husband and sees that she has her menstrual period, they all need to immerse themselves in water. But rabbi Yehudah exempts this.

> [One who has his cover] pierced
> זוב zwb: pierce, flow, gush
> זב zb
> זוב zwb: flux, gonorrhea, hemorrhage
> [One who has] gonorrhea
> [and] sees
> ש־ š-: make; ראה rˀh: see
> שראה šrˀh
> ש־ š-: make; ראה rˀh: see
> [and] sees
> [that there has been] an incident,
> קרי qry: accident, incident
> קרי qry
> קרי qry: lose semen, cause semen to flow
> [that he has] a seminal discharge,
> or [one who] is isolated
> נדה ndh: remove, exclude, isolation
> ונדה wndh
> נדה ndh: menstrual period
> or [a woman during her] menstrual period
> [and who] has given out
> ש־ š-: who; פלט plṭ: give out
> שפלטה šplṭh
> ש־ š-: who; פלט plṭ: discharge
> who discharges
> [his] cover
> שגב šgb: hidden, cover, veil
> שכבת škbt
> שכב škb: lie down, have intercourse
> [of] the intercourse [with her husband]
> [and] scattered [it],
> זרה zrh: scatter, disperse
> זרע zrˁ
> זרע zrˁ: sow, seed
> the semen,
> or [one who] is suspected
> מ־ m-: of; שמץ šmṣ: blemish, suspicion
> והמשמשת whmšmšt
> מ־ m-: of; שמש šmš: lie with, copulate
> or [a woman who] lies [with her husband]
> [and] sees
> ש־ š-: who; ראה rˀh: see
> שראתה šrˀth
> ש־ š-: make; ראה rˀh: see
> [and] sees
> [that he] is isolated,
> נדה ndh: remove, exclude, isolation
> נדה ndh
> נדה ndh: menstrual period
> [that she has her] menstrual period,
> [they all] need
> צרך ṣrk: need, require
> צריכין ṣrykyn
> צרך ṣrk: need, require
> [they all] need
> to immerse [themselves in some cover].
> טבילה ṭbylh: dipping, immersion
> טבילה ṭbylh
> טבילה ṭbylh: dipping, immersion
> to immerse [themselves in water].
> But lord
> רב rb: noble, lord, master
> ורבי wrby
> רבי rby: rabbi
> But rabbi
> Yehudah
> יהודה yhwdh: Yehudah
> יהודה yhwdh
> יהודה yhwdh: Yehudah
> Yehudah
> exempts [this].
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> פוטר pwṭr
> פטר pṭr: exempt, free
> exempts [this].

> Berakhot 3:6.a

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