Egyptian: Battle of Qadesh
The Battle of Qadesh between Egyptians & Hittites is often touted as the greatest & best-documented battle of ancient times. In reality, it was a hoaxed battle, staged by the pharaoh to make himself look like a good leader in front of his subjects. It’s therefore probably the oldest documented terror hoax!
Introduction
The Battle of Qadesh between the Egyptians under Ramesses II and the Hittites in the 13th century BC is said to be the oldest documented battle in human history, and also touted as the best documented and largest battle. Quite an event!
There are eight Egyptian inscriptions describing this battle, in multiple temple locations, all massive ones carved into the walls, and accompanied by battle scene reliefs. All use the very same text. In addition, there’s one shorter version also found on papyrus.
The official narrative is this: The Egyptian pharaoh, campaigning with his retinue, is approached by two bedouins allied with the Hittites. They say they want to defect, and claim the Hittite king has fled to Aleppo. But their betrayal is a feint: Two Hittite scouts are then caught, who confirm that the Hittite king really waits in nearby Qadesh, all battle-ready. While the pharaoh rails against his incompetent officials for not knowing this, and sends for his main army, the large Hittite force suddenly approaches, and the pharaoh’s outnumbered retinue wavers. The pharaoh, however, is taken by the stereotypical rage, dons his battle-gear, rushes the Hittite army alone, slays heaps of enemies, and saves the day. Hooray!
This already sounds like very one-dimensional propaganda, except for the slight twist at the beginning. It’s very suspicious that all historians treat the story like it really happened.
But as usual, the text is also pun-encrypted. The secret narrative tells how the Pharaoh fakes the battle with his own actors, to restore his subjects’ faith in him. No foreigners were involved. Instead, the actors were dressed-up so that they looked “more convincing than actual foreigners”. After everything is rehearsed and the actors are sworn to secrecy, the fake rebels appear at the scene, and the pharaoh dons his battle-gear and simply orders them to fall down. The subjects all fall for it, and the public image of the pharaoh as a great leader is restored. Yay!
(The text does not tell anything about the actual Egyptian relations to the Hittites. There may have also been some real war, or not. If there was, we can be sure that aristocrats were not really involved in any dangerous situation. They never are.)
Pun-wise, the text is rather complicated, mostly because things like “actor” and “theater” didn’t officially exist at the time, so there’s no official Egyptian vocabulary for it, much less for concepts like “hoaxing” or “play-enacting”. Rather, the official translations of words for fakery are often things like “shape”, “form”, “fashion”. Which I assume to stand for false shapes, forms & fashions.
The authors also spiced up their story with foreign Semitic place names like Qadesh, to give it a mysterious foreign-y feeling. But the names are all puns with Egyptian words explaining the hoax:
- ḏhj “Djahi” puns with dḥj “humiliation”. The pharaoh starts here.
- šbtn “Shabtuna” puns with sbj-jtn “hoax-rebellion”. The pharaoh proceeds here.
- ḫrb “Aleppo” puns with ḫrp “presentation”. This is where the enemy is supposed to be.
- nhrn “Naharina” perhaps puns with nḥr “resembling”. This is one origin of the enemies.
- qdj “Qadi” puns with qd “form”. This is another origin of the enemies.
- bˤr “Baal” puns with bˤr “fighter”. This is what the pharaoh suddenly looks like.
- jrnṯ “Orontes” perhaps puns with jr-ntˤ “arranged performance”. This is where the enemies die.
- qdšw-tȝ-jst “Qadesh-Ta-Izet” perhaps puns with qd-šw-thȝ-jst “empty form of violent rebels”. That is where the battle takes place.
Overall, this text isn’t the clearest example of pun-encryption. Still, there’s enough clean puns to show that it’s really about a hoax, especially the explanations at the beginning & end, that it’s all needed to make the pharaoh look good for his subjects.
If the dating of the inscriptions is roughly correct, then this means that hoaxed terror attacks were already a known trick in the aristocratic cookbook by the time of the Late Bronze Age Collapse. The “Sea People” attacks were then almost certainly a hoax too. Which means Egypt was not a victim of the collapse, if it even happened, but more likely among the perpetrators.
References
The glyphs, transcriptions and official translations were taken from this website:
As for the vocabulary, most professional Egyptian dictionaries are commercial print-only, while digital resources are created by enthusiasts. The best online resource is Mark Vygus’ dictionary, originally created with Hierowords. It’s hosted as one huge PDF file on a number of enthusiast sites, and there are also phone apps. A searchable website version has also been put online by yet another enthusiast. There’s no URL parameter based search though, so each link posts a new search to the site which cannot easily be copied, shared or bookmarked.
- Mark Vygus dictionary (online search)
- Mark Vygus dictionary (small Hierowords file)
- Mark Vygus dictionary 2018 (huge PDF)
How to read this
- In the interlinear word-by-word translation, each word is shown as a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks.
- Use the to choose your level: for secret meaning only, for secret & official English texts, for word-by-word vocabulary, for original text & glyphs.
- Possible pun-encrypted meaning is marked with light red.
- Official meaning is marked with light green.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs. All vocabulary is linked to online dictionaries.
- Please read the introduction, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- Religious readers should proceed with care.
Battle of Qadesh
The pharaoh needs a trick to look like a great leader.
Battle of Qadesh 3
Encrypted: At that time, his majesty was in humiliation in his command, trying to resemble to be strong.
Official: At that time, his majesty was in Djahi on his expedition second of being victorious.
[At that time,]
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jst: now, while
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jst
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jst: now, while
[At that time,]
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓏤𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[was] in
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, in
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, in
[was] in
humiliation
𓂧𓎛𓅪𓂢 dḥj: low, humiliated, discouraging
𓍑𓉔𓈉 ḏȝhj
𓍑𓉔𓈉 ḏhj: Djahi
Djahi
in
𓅓 m: in, on, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, on, to
on
his command,
𓎘𓅱𓆓𓏏𓏛 wḏt: command, decree; 𓆑 -f: his
𓎘𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂻𓆑 wḏ.t-f
𓎘𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂻 wḏyt: journey, expedition; 𓆑 -f: his
his expedition
[trying] to resemble
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, resemble, imitate
𓏤𓏤𓏌𓏏 sn.nw.t
𓏤𓏤 sn: two
second
to
𓈖 n: to, for, in
𓈖𓏏 n.t
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
be strong.
𓈖𓆱𓐍𓏏𓅱𓂡𓏥 nḫt: strong, victorious
𓈖𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂡 nḫt
𓈖𓆱𓐍𓏏𓅱𓂡𓏥 nḫt: strong, victorious
being victorious.
Battle of Qadesh 4
Encrypted: So he needed to be watched as a good leader in envelopings, deceptions and enclosings, in some shape of his majesty, that was the sight of a commander vigilant of some accomplishment.
Official: Then he awakened beautifully in life, prosperity and health in the tent of his majesty, in the mountains south of Qadesh.
[So he needed to?] be watched
𓍟𓁻 rs: watch
𓍟𓁻 rs
𓍟𓁻 rs: awake
[Then he?] awakened
[as] a good [leader]
𓄤𓆑𓂋 nfr: good, beautiful
𓄤 nfr
𓄤𓆑𓂋 nfr: good, beautiful
beautifully
in
𓄿 m: in, as
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: in, as
in
envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings,
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health
in
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
in
[some] shape
𓇋𓅓𓐝 jm: form, shape
𓆭𓅓𓉐 jȝm
𓆭𓅓𓅱𓉐 jmw: tent, hut
the tent
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty,
[that was] the sight
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: sight, front, facade, mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
in
of a commander
𓋭𓏏𓀀 ṯst: troops; 𓋭𓊃𓅱𓀀 ṯsw: Commander, Leader; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓋭𓏏𓏤 ṯs.t
𓋭𓏏𓈉 ṯst: ridge, range, hill
the mountains
vigilant
𓍟𓁻 rs: guard, watch, watchful, vigilant
𓇔𓏤𓏤𓈅𓏤 rs.j
𓇔𓏭𓈅𓏤 rsy: south
south
of
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
𓈖𓏏 n.t
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
[some] accomplishment [???].
𓎛𓏏𓋴𓍋 ḥts: accomplish
𓌪𓂧𓈙𓈉 qdš
𓐪𓂧𓈙𓅱𓈉 qdšw: Qadesh
Qadesh.
Battle of Qadesh 6
Encrypted: So had to appear his majesty like in an appearance great, like when he had received the adornments of his sovereignty in this fashion.
Official: There rose his majesty like the rising Ra, like when he had received the adornments of his father, the god Montu.
[So had to] appear
𓈍𓂝𓏛 ḫˤj: rise, appear
𓈍𓂝 ḫˤj
𓈍𓂝𓏛 ḫˤj: rise, appear
[There] rose
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
like
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
𓏇𓇋 mj
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
like
[in] an appearance
𓅱𓃀𓈖𓇳 wbn: glitter, appear
𓅱𓃀𓈖𓇶 wbn
𓅱𓃀𓈖𓇶 wbn: shine, rise
the rising
great,
𓀗 wr: noble, great, eminent
𓇳𓏤𓀭 rˤw
𓂋𓂝𓇳 rˤw: Re
Ra,
[like when] he had received
𓊏𓊪𓂡 šsp: receive; 𓆑 -f: he
𓊏𓈖𓆑 šsp.n-f
𓊏𓊪𓂡 šsp: receive; 𓆑 -f: he
[like when] he had received
the adornments
𓄡𓎡𓂋𓐬𓏛 ẖkr: adornment; 𓐬 ẖkrw: regalia
𓐬𓐬𓐬 ẖkr
𓄡𓎡𓂋𓐬𓏛 ẖkr: adornment; 𓐬 ẖkrw: regalia
the adornments
of
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
𓏌𓏤 n.w
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
his sovereignty [???]
𓇋𓍘𓇋𓇋𓀛 jty: sovereign; 𓆑 -f: his
𓏏𓆑 jtj-f
𓇋𓏏 jtj: father, grandfather; 𓆑 -f: his
his father,
in this fashion [???].
𓏠𓈖𓏏𓏛 mnt: the like, kind, fashion
𓏠𓈖𓍿𓅱𓁮 mnṯ.w
𓏠𓈖𓍿𓅱 mnṯw: Montu
[the god] Montu.
He plans to fake-defeat a hoaxed rebellion, played by actors.
Battle of Qadesh 7
Encrypted: Therefore had to plant the lord some quarrel. For that approached his majesty his secret watchers for the proclamation of a Hoax-Rebellion.
Official: Then proceeded the lord northwards. Then approached his majesty the south of the town of Shabtuna
[Therefore had to] plant
𓅱𓂧𓏴𓂡 wdj: place, put, implant, set down, plant
𓅱𓍑𓂻 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓂻 wḏȝ: go, set out, proceed
[Then] proceeded
the lord
𓎟 nb: lord, master
𓎟𓀭 nb
𓎟 nb: lord, master
the lord
[some] quarrel.
𓅖𓉔𓄿𓂧𓏭𓊮 mhd: quarrel, argument; 𓆑 -f: he
𓐝𓐍𓂧𓊞𓆑 m-ḫd-f
𓅓𓐍𓂧𓊛 m-ḫd: downstream, northwards; 𓆑 -f: he
northwards.
[For that] approached
𓄭𓂋𓂻 spr: arrive, approach, come
𓄭𓂋𓂻 spr
𓄭𓂋𓂻 spr: arrive, approach, come
[Then] approached
his majesty
𓍛𓀰 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑
𓍛𓀰 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
𓂋 r: to, at
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to, at
[his secret?] watchers [??]
𓍟𓁻 rs: guard, watch; 𓂋𓋴𓍟𓅱𓇰 rsw: watcher
𓇑𓏤𓏤𓈅𓏤 rs.j
𓇔𓏭𓈅 rsy: south
the south
[for] the proclamation
𓂧𓅓𓌪𓀁 dm: pronounce, proclaim
𓂧𓏇𓇋𓈅𓏤 dmj
𓂧𓏇𓇋𓈅𓏤 dmj: town, quarter of a town
of the town
of
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
a Hoax-Rebellion.
𓋴𓃀𓇋𓄑𓀁 sbj: joke, hoax; 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓏌𓅱𓂉𓀏 jtnw: rebel, adversary
𓆷𓃀𓅱𓏏𓈖𓈉 šȝbtwn
𓆷𓃀𓅱𓏏𓈖𓈉 šbtn: Shabtuna
Shabtuna
Battle of Qadesh 8
Encrypted: There would come his skilled actors in disguise, to do the quarrel for his majesty.
Official: There came of the Shasu bedouins two, to say to his majesty:
[There would] come
𓂻𓅱 jw: come
𓇍𓏏𓂻𓇋𓈖 jy.tjn
𓂻𓅱 jw: come
[There] came
[his] skilled [actors??]
𓊃𓈙𓐠𓄿𓏲𓏯𓂻 šsȝ: witty, skilled (of tongue), clever, cleverness
𓆷𓇓𓌙𓀏 šȝs.w
𓆷𓄿𓇓𓅱𓌙𓀀𓏪 šȝsw: Shasu-bedouin
of the Shasu [bedouins]
[in] disguise [??],
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, imitate; 𓊃𓈖𓈖𓍼𓏤 snn: guise
𓏤𓏤 sn
𓏤𓏤 sn: two
two,
to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
to
[do] the quarrel
𓆓𓏭𓆓𓏭𓀁 ḏyḏy: tease, bother, quarrel
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
say
for
𓈖 n: because, for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to
to
his majesty.
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty:
Battle of Qadesh 9
Encrypted: Those disguised actors, who would serve as a false surface of people like those of revolt,
Official: Those of our brothers, who serve as nobles of the clan with the one of Hatti,
𓅓 m: of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: of
Those
𓈖𓄿𓇋𓇋𓏪 nȝy: belonging to, those of
𓈖𓄿𓈖𓏥 nȝ-n
𓈖𓄿𓇋𓇋𓏪 nȝy: belonging to, those of
Those of
disguised [actors??],
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, imitate; 𓊃𓈖𓈖𓍼𓏤 snn: guise
𓌢𓏌𓏲𓀀𓏥 sn
𓌢𓀀 sn: brother
[our] brothers,
who
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
who
[would serve] as
𓅓 m: like, as
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: like, as
[serve] as
a [false] surface
𓄿𓂝𓅱𓈙 ȝˤw: plaster, surfacing, coating; 𓇋𓂝𓂝𓅱𓂡 jˤˤw: cover up, coat
𓉻𓏥 ˤȝ.w
𓉻𓂝𓄿 ˤȝ: great one, noble, commander
nobles
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
people
𓅓𓂝𓉔𓄿𓇋𓀀𓁐𓏥 mhwt: people, warriors
𓅖𓅱𓉔𓏏𓀀𓁐𓏥 mhw.t
𓅓𓂝𓉔𓄿𓇋𓀀𓁐𓏥 mhwt: family, tribe
the clan
like [???]
𓏇𓅓𓂋 mj: like; 𓂞𓂞 dj: make
𓐝𓂞 m-dj
𓅓𓂞 m dj: with, from
with
those of
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
𓅮 pȝ-n
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
the one of
revolt,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
Battle of Qadesh 10
Encrypted: they would be made to come to his majesty, in order to do the quarrel about the presented deception of the Great Show — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! —
Official: they made us come to his majesty, in order to tell him about that we want to be servants of the Pharaoh — life, prosperity and health to him! —
[they would] be made
𓂞 rḏj: let, emit, send forth
𓂞 dj
𓂞 rḏj: let, emit, send forth
[they] made
to come
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return; 𓈖𓏥 -n: us
𓅱𓂻𓂻𓈖𓏥 jwj.t-n
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return; 𓈖𓏥 -n: us
us come
to
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to, for
to
his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty,
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
[do] the quarrel
𓆓𓏭𓆓𓏭𓀁 ḏyḏy: tease, bother, quarrel
𓆓𓂧𓈖𓏥 ḏd-n
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
tell [him]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱𓈖𓏥 jw -n
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
about
𓂋 r: regarding, concerning
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: regarding, concerning
about
the presented
𓁹 jrj: create, construct, present
𓁹𓏏 jrj.t
𓁹 jrj: do, make, act
[that we want] to be
deception
𓅡𓎡𓏯𓏯𓀜 bȝkw: fabrication; 𓃀𓅯𓄿𓎼𓄿𓅪𓏭 bȝg: deceit, deception
𓅡𓎡𓀀𓁐𓏥 bȝk
𓅡𓎡𓀀 bȝk: servant, underling
servants
of
𓈖 n: of
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: of
of
the Great Show
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
Battle of Qadesh 11
Encrypted: and they would join in the play with the mask of rebels.
Official: and we would part with the enemy from Hatti.
and [they] would
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: (conjunctive)
𓐝𓅱𓏏𓈖𓏥 mtw-n
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: (conjunctive)
and [we] would
[join in?] the play [???]
𓂋𓅱𓂻 rwj: dance, clap
𓂋𓅱𓇋𓂻𓈖𓏥 rwj-n
𓂋𓅱𓇋𓂻 rwj: go away, depart
part
with
𓅓𓂞 m dj: with, in employ of
𓐝𓂞 m-dj
𓅓𓂞 m dj: with, from
with
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: of, belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: of, belonging to
from
rebels.
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti.
It will spare him a real campaign, and his subjects won’t notice.
Battle of Qadesh 15
Encrypted: Now, the mask of a revolt would be placed in a presentation, with people of secret mustering.
Official: Now, the enemy from Hatti sits in Aleppo, in the north of Tunip.
Now,
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫr: now, then, thus
𓐍𓂋 ḫr
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫr: now, then, thus
Now,
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: of, belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: of, belonging to
from
a revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[would?] be placed [???]
𓈞𓊃𓀉 ḥmsj: seat, engaged in, engaged with
𓈞𓊃𓀀 ḥmsj
𓈟𓋴𓀂 ḥmsj: sit, sit down
sits
in
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
in
a presentation [??],
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓏲𓌂𓏛𓀜 ḫrp: present, offer, provide
𓐍𓂋𓏤𓏤𓏤𓃀𓅱𓈉 ḫrbw
𓐍𓂋𓏤𓏤𓏤𓃀𓅱𓈉 ḫrb: Aleppo
Aleppo,
with
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: in, with
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
in
people
𓅓𓂝𓉔𓄿𓇋𓀀𓁐𓏥 mhwt: people, tribe, warriors
𓎔𓏏𓈅𓏤 mḥ.tj
𓎔𓏏𓏭𓈅 mḥty: north
the north
of secret mustering [???].
𓇋𓏏𓈖𓏌𓅱𓂉 jtnw: secret; 𓇋𓊪𓀁 jp: allot, muster (troops)
𓅱𓏏𓈖𓊪𓈉𓇋𓆑 tw⸢n⸣p⸢j⸣-f
𓅱𓏏𓈖𓊪𓈉𓇋 twnp: Tunip
of Tunip.
Battle of Qadesh 16
Encrypted: It would be just terror for the Great Show — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! — to return his leadership.
Official: He is too afraid because of the Pharaoh — life, prosperity and health to him! — to return south.
[It would be just?] terror [??]
𓋴𓈖𓂧𓏲𓅾𓀁𓏥 snḏw: terrors, fear; 𓆑 -f: he
𓅾𓏲𓆑 snḏ-f
𓅾𓏲 snḏ: afraid, fear; 𓆑 -f: he
He is [too] afraid
for
𓈖 n: for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: because of
because of
the Great Show
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
to
return
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
𓇍𓏏𓂻 jy.t
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
return
[his] leadership [?].
𓅓 m: as; 𓏃𓈖𓏏𓏭𓂉 ḫnty: foremost, superior, chief, leader
𓐝𓏃𓏏𓏲𓄿𓂻 m-ḫnt.wtjw
𓅓 m: in; 𓏅𓈖𓏏 ḫnty: southern
south.
--- ---
Battle of Qadesh 18
Encrypted: But then the quarrel of these skilled actors, that story would be told to his subjects in falsehood.
Official: But then what had said these Shasu bedouins, those words they had actually spoken to his majesty in falsehood.
[But] then
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now
𓇋𓋴𓏏 jsṯ
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now
[But] then
the quarrel
𓆓𓏭𓆓𓏭𓀁 ḏyḏy: tease, bother, quarrel
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[what] had said
of these
𓈖𓄿𓏭 nȝy: these
𓈖𓄿𓏤𓏤 nȝj
𓈖𓄿𓏭 nȝy: these
these
skilled [actors??],
𓊃𓈙𓐠𓄿𓏲𓏯𓂻 šsȝ: witty, skilled (of tongue), clever, cleverness
𓆷𓇓𓌙𓀏 šȝs.w
𓆷𓄿𓇓𓅱𓌙𓀀𓏪 šȝsw: Shasu-bedouin
Shasu [bedouins],
that
𓈖𓄿𓏭 nȝy: that
𓈖𓄿𓏤𓏤 nȝj
𓈖𓄿𓏭 nȝy: that
those
story
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓏥 mdt: story
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓏥 mdw.t
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓀁 mdt: speech, words
words
[would] be told
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓊃𓈖𓏥 ḏd-sn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[they had actually] spoken
to
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to, for
to
his subjects
𓍛𓀀 ḥm: servant, slave; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
in
𓄿 m: in, as
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: in, as
in
falsehood.
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓂡 ˤḏȝ: falsehood, guilt
𓂝𓍑𓅪 ˤḏȝ
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓂡 ˤḏȝ: falsehood, guilt
falsehood.
Battle of Qadesh 19
Encrypted: Those of revolt would be appointed to come in order to be seen at the place that his majesty is also there,
Official: The one of Hatti had caused them to come in order to see the place that his majesty was there,
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
Those of
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
𓅮 pȝ-n
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
The one of
revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[would] be appointed
𓂋𓂞 rdj: give, put, appoint, cause
𓂞 dj
𓂋𓂞 rdj: give, put, appoint, cause
had caused [them]
to come
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
𓅱𓂻𓏏𓊃𓈖𓏥 jwj.t-sn
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
to come
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
be seen
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆵𓁻 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
see
[at?] the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
[place] that
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
[place] that
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[is also] there,
𓇋𓅓 jm: there
𓇋𓅓 jm
𓇋𓅓 jm: there
[was] there,
Battle of Qadesh 20
Encrypted: for the sake of not causing him to actually ready for himself the army of his majesty to fight against an actual enemy of an actual revolt.
Official: for the sake of not allowing him to ready for himself the army of his majesty to fight against the enemy of Hatti.
for the sake of
𓈖𓄣𓏤𓈖 n-jb-n: for the sake of
𓈖𓄣𓏤𓈖 n-jb-n
𓈖𓄣𓏤𓈖 n-jb-n: for the sake of
for the sake of
not
𓏏𓍃𓅓 tm: not
𓏏𓍃 tm
𓏏𓍃𓅓 tm: not
not
causing [him]
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
𓂞𓏏 rdj.t
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
allowing [him]
to [actually] ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
to ready
[for] himself
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
[for] himself
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 ⸢pȝ⸣
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
army
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
𓀎𓏪 mšˤ
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
army
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
to
fight
𓂚𓄿𓀜 ˤḥȝ: fight
𓂚𓂝 ˤḥȝ
𓂚𓄿𓀜 ˤḥȝ: fight
fight
against
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with
against
an [actual]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
enemy
𓐍𓂋𓅱𓀒 ḫrw: enemy
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓅱𓀒 ḫrw: enemy
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
an [actual] revolt.
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti.
The fake enemy will be play-enacted as foreign rebels.
Battle of Qadesh 21
Encrypted: Now in reality the mask of a revolt would be presented with the performing all of such foreigners all.
Official: Now in reality the enemy of Hatti had actually returned with the nobles all of the foreign lands all.
Now [in reality]
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now
𓇋𓋴𓏏 jsṯ
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now
Now [in reality]
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[would] be presented [???]
𓃛𓅱𓂝 jwˤ: present (someone with something)
𓅱𓂻𓂻 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
had [actually] returned
with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with
with
the performing [??]
𓁹 jrj: act, perform, present, display
𓀗 wr
𓅨 wr: magnate, noble
the nobles
all
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟 nb
𓎟 nb: every, all
all
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
[such] foreigners
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
the foreign lands
all.
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟𓏏 nb.t
𓎟 nb: every, all
all.
Battle of Qadesh 24
Encrypted: These created rebels, whom he himself had brought with him as a cover, would stand equipped and ready behind the Empty Form of Violent Rebels. without that knew his subjects were there.
Official: The army and the chariots, whom he had brought with him as protection, stood equipped and ready behind Qadesh-Ta-Izet, without that knew his majesty were there.
[These] created
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce
𓀎𓏪 mšˤ
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
The army
rebels [???],
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt
𓈖𓍿𓎛𓃗𓏥 nṯ-ḥtr
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry
[and] the chariots,
whom
𓅱𓏪 -w: they, them
𓅱𓏥 -w
𓅱𓏪 -w: they, them
whom
he [himself] had brought
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away; 𓆑 -f: he
𓏎𓈖𓈖𓆑 jnj.n-f
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away; 𓆑 -f: he
he had brought
with him
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with; 𓆑 -f: him
𓐝𓂞𓆑 m-dj-f
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with; 𓆑 -f: him
with him
as
𓄿 m: in, as
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: in, as
as
a cover,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓏏𓂷𓂡𓊌 jnḥt: cover, wrapping
𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂡𓏥 nḫt.wpl
𓈖𓐍𓂡 nḫt: strong man, protector, protection
protection,
[would] stand
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
𓊢𓂝𓏲𓂻 ˤḥˤ
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
stood
equipped
𓎼𓂋𓎼𓍅 grg: establish, equip
𓍅𓅱𓏛 grg
𓎼𓂋𓎼𓍅 grg: establish, equip
equipped
[and] ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
[and] ready
behind
𓈖 n: of; 𓇉𓁶 ḥȝ: behind, around
𓈖𓇉𓄿𓁶𓏤 n-ḥȝ
𓈖 n: of; 𓇉𓁶 ḥȝ: behind, around
behind
the Empty Form of Violent Rebels [???].
𓐪𓂧𓈒𓏛 qd: fashion, form; 𓆄𓏲𓅪 šw: empty; 𓏏𓉔𓄿𓂿𓀜 thȝ: violate, aggressor; 𓇩𓏏𓏤𓀐 jst: company of rebels
𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉𓄿𓏏𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏤𓏤𓅪 qdš-tȝ-js.t
𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉𓏏𓄿𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏤𓏤𓅪 qdšw-tȝ-jst: Qadesh-Ta-Izet; 𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉 qdš: Qadesh; 𓏏𓄿 tȝ: this, the; 𓇩𓏏𓉐 jst: administrative unit
Qadesh-Ta-Izet,
without
𓂜 n: no, not
𓂜 n
𓂜 n: no, not
without
[that] knew
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ: know, learn
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ: know, learn
[that] knew
his subjects
𓍛𓀀 ḥm: servant, slave; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[were] there.
𓇋𓅓 jm: there
𓇋𓅓 jm
𓇋𓅓 jm: there
[were] there.
Battle of Qadesh 31
Encrypted: Then they would make look pleasing his majesty concerning his leadership of the unwashed throngs.
Official: Then sat down his majesty on his throne of electrum.
[Then they would] make [look] pleasing [???]
𓋴𓇛𓈖𓆓𓅓𓀼 snḏm: make pleasant, make content
𓋴𓄑𓀼 snḏm
𓋴𓀼 snḏm: sit down
[Then] sat down
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
concerning [??]
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on account of, concerning, with
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: in, on, upon
on
[his] leadership [??]
𓋴𓃀𓏏𓇼 sbȝty: leader
𓇋𓋴𓃀𓏏 jsb.t
𓇋𓋴𓃀𓏏𓉐 jsbt: chair, throne
[his] throne
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
the [unwashed] throngs [??].
𓍑𓄿𓀀𓁐𓏥 ḏȝmw: throngs
𓌁𓋞𓈓 ḏˤm
𓌀𓅓𓋞𓈒𓏥 ḏˤm: fine gold, electrum
electrum.
The first fake foreign rebels are presented in a casting.
Battle of Qadesh 33
Encrypted: For that arrived a scout who was visibly from the followers of his majesty, and presented the disguised scouts of those masked for being rebels, who were adorned in front of his majesty.
Official: Then arrived a scout who was from the followers of his majesty, and brought two scouts of the enemy of Hatti, who were dragged in front of his majesty.
[For that] arrived
𓂻𓅱𓏏𓂻 jwt: come, return, arrive
𓇍𓏏𓂻𓇋𓈖 jyt.jn
𓂻𓅱𓏏𓂻 jwt: come, return, arrive
[Then] arrived
a scout
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
𓇉𓊪𓏲𓂻𓀀 ḥȝp.wt
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
a scout
who [was visibly?]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓋔𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
who [was]
from
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
from
the followers
𓌞𓅱𓂻𓏥 šmsw: following, suite
𓌞𓋴𓅱𓂻 šms.w
𓌞𓅱𓂻𓏥 šmsw: following, suite
the followers
of his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
of his majesty,
[and] presented [??]
𓇋𓏎𓈖 jnj: appoint, present
𓏎𓈖 jnj
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away
[and] brought
the disguised [??]
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, imitate; 𓊃𓈖𓈖𓍼𓏤 snn: guise
𓊃𓈖𓏥 sn
𓊃𓈖𓏮 snnw: two of them
two
scouts
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
𓇉𓅱𓂻𓊪𓀀𓏤 ḥȝp.wt
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
scouts
𓏮 sn: two
𓏤𓏤 sn
𓏮 sn: two
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
[those]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
masked
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
for
𓈖 n: for, as
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
[being] rebels,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
[who were] adorned
𓆷𓄿𓍘𓇋𓍱 šṯ: wear, adorn
𓋴𓏏𓍬𓂻𓏲𓏥 sṯȝ.wpl
𓋴𓍬𓍿𓄿 sṯȝ: drag, pull
[who] were dragged
in front [of his majesty].
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
𓐝𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
in front [of his majesty].
Battle of Qadesh 35
Encrypted: Then was said to them by his majesty: You are to be who?
Official: Then was said to them by his majesty: You are who?
[Then] was said
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say
[Then] was said
to them
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖𓊃𓈖𓏥 n-sn
𓈖 n: to, for
to them
by
𓇋𓈖 jn: by
𓇋𓈖 jn
𓇋𓈖 jn: by
by
his majesty:
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty:
You
𓈖𓏏𓍿 ntṯ: you
𓈖𓅱𓏏𓏏𓈖𓏥 ntwtn
𓈖𓏏𓍿 ntṯ: you
You
are [to be] who?
𓇋𓐍𓏛 jḫ: what?
𓇋𓐍𓏛 jḫ
𓇋𓐍𓏛 jḫ: what?
are who?
Battle of Qadesh 36
Encrypted: They said: We are to be of a mask of a revolt.
Official: They said: We are from the enemy of Hatti.
They said:
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓏏𓈖𓊃𓈖𓏥 ḏd.tjn-sn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
They said:
We
𓅱𓏏𓈖𓏥 twn: we
𓅱𓏏𓈖𓏥 tw-n
𓅱𓏏𓈖𓏥 twn: we
We
[are to be] of
𓅓 m: from, of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: from, of
[are] from
a
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt.
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti.
Battle of Qadesh 37
Encrypted: It is to be put forth and presented in order to be seen at the place that his majesty is there.
Official: He made us come in order to see the place that his majesty is there.
It
𓈖𓏏𓏲𓆑 ntf: he
𓈖𓏏𓆑 ntf
𓈖𓏏𓏲𓆑 ntf: he
He
[is to be?] put forth [?]
𓂞 rḏj: let, emit, send forth
𓂞 dj
𓂞 rḏj: let, emit, send forth
made [us]
[and] presented [?]
𓃛𓅱𓂝 jwˤ: present (someone with something)
𓂻𓏲𓏏𓈖𓏥 jwj.t-n
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
come
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
be seen
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆵𓁻 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
see
[at] the [place]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the [place]
that
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
that
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[is] there.
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
𓇋𓅓 jm
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
[is] there.
Battle of Qadesh 38
Encrypted: Then was said to them by his majesty: And it, where is it, the mask of a revolt? See, I have heard that it is in the realm of Presentation.
Official: Then was said to them by his majesty: And he, where is he, the enemy of Hatti? See, I have heard that he is in the land of Aleppo.
[Then] was said
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[Then] was said
to them
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖𓊃𓈖𓏥 n-sn
𓈖 n: to, for
to them
by
𓇋𓈖 jn: by, (agent in passive)
𓇋𓋔 jn
𓇋𓈖 jn: by, (agent in passive)
by
his majesty:
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty:
[And] it,
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
[And] he,
where
𓍿𓈖𓌙𓅯𓈐 ṯn: where?
𓏏𓈖𓌙𓅯𓏛 tnw
𓍿𓈖𓌙𓅯𓈐 ṯn: where?
where
[is] it,
𓈖𓏏𓆑 ntf: he
𓈖𓏏𓆑 ntf
𓈖𓏏𓆑 ntf: he
[is] he,
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt?
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti?
See,
𓅓𓂟 m: behold!, see!
𓐝𓂝𓎡 m-k
𓅓𓂟 m: behold!, see!
See,
I have heard
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen; 𓀀 -j: I, me
𓄔𓅓𓀰 sḏm-j
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen; 𓀀 -j: I, me
I have heard
that
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
𓂋𓆓𓆑 r-ḏd
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
that
it
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
he
[is] in
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
[is] in
the realm
𓇾 tȝ: land
𓇿 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
the land
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
Presentation.
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓏲𓌂𓏛𓀜 ḫrp: present, offer, provide
𓐍𓏤𓏤𓂋𓏤𓃀𓅡𓏤𓈉 ḫrb
𓐍𓂋𓏤𓏤𓏤𓃀𓅱𓈉 ḫrb: Aleppo
Aleppo.
Battle of Qadesh 40
Encrypted: They said: Behold, the mask of a revolt will be presented, with foreigners in deception, and together with those brought with it in a wrapping as foreigners all, that are at the site the veil of the revolt. They are to be the enemies only in resemblance and are to be rebels only in form all.
Official: They said: Behold, the enemy of Hatti has already returned, together with foreigners numerous, and together with those he brought with him as protection from the foreign lands all, that are in the region the land of Hatti. Those are the lands of Naharina and the lands of Qadi all.
They said:
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓈖𓏏𓊃𓈖𓏥 ḏd.nt-sn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
They said:
Behold,
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓇋𓆵𓁻 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
Behold,
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[will] be presented,
𓃛𓅱𓂝 jwˤ: present (someone with something)
𓊢𓂝𓅱𓂻 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
has [already] returned,
with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
together with
foreigners
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
foreigners
[in] deception,
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ: numerous
numerous,
[and] together with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓆑 ḥnˤ-f
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
[and] together with
[those] brought
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away
𓏎𓈖𓈖𓆑 jnj.n-f
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away
[those] he brought
with it
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
𓐝𓂞𓆑 m-dj-f
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
with him
in
𓄿 m: in
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: as
as
a wrapping
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓏏𓂷𓂡𓊌 jnḥt: cover, wrapping
𓆱𓐍𓏏𓂡 nḫt.tpl
𓈖𓐍𓂡 nḫt: strong man, protector, protection
protection
as [??]
𓄿 m: as
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: from
from
foreigners
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
the foreign lands
all,
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟𓏏 nb.t
𓎟 nb: every, all
all,
that
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
that
[are] at
𓅓 m: in, at
𓅓 m
𓅓 m: in, at
[are] in
the site
𓏴𓅱𓅱 swȝw: site
𓏴𓅱𓅱𓈅𓏤 swȝ.w
𓏴𓅱𓅱𓈅𓏤 swȝw: district, region
the region
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
veil [???]
𓏏𓍔𓉪 tȝ: screen; 𓉪𓏏𓏤𓋳 tȝyt: shroud
𓇿𓏤𓈅 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
land
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
the revolt.
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti.
[They are to be] the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
[Those are] the
enemies
𓍿𓍯𓄿𓂡 ṯwȝ: opposition; 𓂧𓍯𓄿𓏲𓏛 twȝw: enemies
𓇿 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
lands
[only in]
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
resemblance
𓈖𓁷𓂋 nḥr: resemble, compare with
𓈖𓉔𓏤𓏤𓂋𓈖𓈉 nhrn
𓈖𓉔𓂋𓏭𓈖𓈉 nhrn: Naharina
Naharina
[and are to be rebels]
--- ---
[and the lands]
[only in]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
[of]
form
𓐪𓂧𓀨 qd: build, form, fashion
𓊧𓏏𓏤𓏤𓈉 qdw
𓊧𓂧𓏮𓈉 qdj: Qadi
Qadi
all.
𓂋𓇥𓂋 r-ḏr: all, entire
𓂋𓇥𓂋𓆑 r-ḏr-f
𓂋𓇥𓂋 r-ḏr: all, entire
all.
Battle of Qadesh 49
Encrypted: They will be equipped by means of the fashion of rebels, and will be carrying their equipment.
Official: They are equipped with their army and their chariotry, and are carrying their weapons.
They
𓋴𓏏 st: they
𓋴𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they
They
[will] be equipped
𓐢𓂋𓏛 ˤpr: equip
𓐢𓂋𓏛 ˤpr
𓐢𓂋𓏛 ˤpr: equip
are equipped
by means of
𓅓 m: as, to, by means of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, of
with
the fashion
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce; 𓅱𓏪 -w: they, them
𓀎𓏲𓏥 mšˤ-w
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce; 𓅱𓏪 -w: they, them
their army
of rebels [???],
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt
𓈖𓍿𓎛𓃗𓏥𓏲𓏥 n.ṯ-ḥtr-w
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry; 𓅱𓏪 -w: they, them
[and] their chariotry,
[and will] be carrying
𓌨𓂋 ẖr: under, carrying, holding
𓌨𓂋 ẖr
𓌨𓂋 ẖr: under, carrying, holding
[and] are carrying
their
𓈖𓄿𓇋𓇋 nȝy: those of; 𓋴𓈖𓏥 -sn: they, them
𓈖𓄿𓇋𓇋𓊃𓈖𓏥 nȝy-sn
𓈖𓄿𓇋𓇋 nȝy: those of; 𓋴𓈖𓏥 -sn: they, them
their
[???]
𓂋𓂝𓏤 r ˤ: condition, state, limit, end
𓂋𓏤𓂝𓈖 rȝ-ˤn
𓂋𓂝𓏤 r ˤ: condition, state, limit, end
[???]
equipment.
𓈍𓂝𓅱𓆱𓏥 ḫˤw: equipment
𓈍𓂝𓈖𓆱𓏲𓏥 ḫˤn.w
𓈍𓂝𓅱𓏛𓏥 ḫˤw: weapons
weapons.
Battle of Qadesh 50
Encrypted: More deceptive are they than actual, known people of foreign countries.
Official: More numerous are they than the grains of sand of a river bank.
[More] deceptive [??]
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ: numerous
[More] numerous
[are] they
𓋴𓏏 st: they, them
𓋴𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they, them
[are] they
than
𓂋 r: more than
𓐝 mr
𓂋 r: more than
than
[actual,] known [people?]
𓋴𓄿𓋷𓀁 sjȝ: recognize, perceive, know
𓈙𓂝𓈓 šˤj
𓈙𓂝𓏭𓈒𓏥 šˤy: sand
the [grains of] sand
of
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
𓏌𓏤 n.w
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
foreign countries.
𓇋𓂧𓃀𓅱𓈅𓈅𓈅 jdbw: shore lands, (foreign) countries
𓇅𓃀𓆻𓈓 wḏb
𓎗𓃀𓈆 wḏb: shore, river bank
a river bank.
Battle of Qadesh 51
Encrypted: See, they stand ready to fool people behind this Empty Form of Violent Rebels !
Official: See, they stand ready to fight behind Qadesh-Ta-Izet!
See,
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓆵𓆎 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
See,
they
𓋴𓏏 st: they
𓊃𓏏 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they
they
stand
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
𓊢𓂝𓅱𓂻 ˤḥˤ
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
stand
ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr
𓁷𓂋𓐡𓂡 ḥr: be ready, make ready
ready
to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
to
fool [people???]
𓅱𓐍𓆼𓄿𓅪 wḫȝ: act stupidly, foolish
𓂚 ˤḥȝ
𓂚𓄿𓀜 ˤḥȝ: fight, combat
fight
behind
𓇉𓄿 ḥȝ: behind, around
𓇉𓁶𓏤 ḥȝ
𓇉𓄿 ḥȝ: behind, around
behind
[this] Empty Form of Violent Rebels [???]!
𓐪𓂧𓈒𓏛 qd: fashion, form; 𓆄𓏲𓅪 šw: empty; 𓏏𓉔𓄿𓂿𓀜 thȝ: violate, aggressor; 𓇩𓏏𓏤𓀐 jst: company of rebels
𓊧𓂧𓈙𓈉𓄿𓏏𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏤𓏤𓅪 qdš-tȝ-js.t
𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉𓏏𓄿𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏤𓏤𓅪 qdšw-tȝ-jst: Qadesh-Ta-Izet; 𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉 qdš: Qadesh; 𓏏𓄿 tȝ: this, the; 𓇩𓏏𓉐 jst: administrative unit
Qadesh-Ta-Izet!
The actors are instructed and rehearse their lines.
Battle of Qadesh 52
Encrypted: Then let his majesty summon his show people in front of him, in order to allow them to listen to the words all that would say the secret actors in the disguise of rebels, who were to be in the presence of the people.
Official: Then let his majesty summon his noblemen in front of him, in order to allow them to listen to the words all that had said the scouts two of Hatti, who were in front of him.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ.n
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
let
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
𓂋𓈖 rdj.n
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
let
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
summon
𓂝𓈙𓀁 ˤš: summon; 𓏏𓅱 tw: one
𓂝𓈙𓀞𓏏𓏲 ˤš.tw
𓂝𓈙𓀁 ˤš: summon; 𓏏𓅱 tw: one
summon
[his] show [people]
𓋴𓂋𓃱𓂻 sr: show, reveal, announce
𓀗𓏪 sr
𓋴𓂋𓀙 sr: nobleman, official
[his] noblemen
in front of [him],
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
𓐝𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
in front of [him],
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
allow [them]
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
𓂞𓏏 dj.t
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
allow [them]
to listen
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen
𓄔𓅓𓊃𓈖𓏥 sḏm-sn
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen
to listen
to the words
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓀁 mdt: word, speech
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓏥 mdw.t
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓀁 mdt: word, speech
to the words
all
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟𓏏 nb.t
𓎟 nb: every, all
all
[that would] say
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓏏𓈖 ḏd.tn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[that] had said
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
secret [actors??]
𓇉𓄿𓊪𓋳𓂡 ḥȝp: secrete, conceal, cover; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓇉𓊪𓂻𓀀 ḥȝp.wt
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
scouts
in the disguise
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, resemble, imitate
𓏤𓏤 2
𓏤𓏤 sn: two
two
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
rebels,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
who [were to be]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
who [were]
in the presence of [the people].
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
𓐝𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
in front of [him].
Battle of Qadesh 54
Encrypted: And said his majesty to them: Behold, you all, the plan of the role players and the performers of the inferiors of the Great Show — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! — about him!
Official: And said his majesty to them: Behold, you all, the condition of the garrison commanders and the nobles of the land of the Pharaoh — life, prosperity and health to him! — about him!
[And] said
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓇋𓋔 ḏd.jn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[And] said
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
to them:
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖𓊃𓈖𓏥 n-sn
𓈖 n: to, for
to them:
Behold,
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆵𓁻 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
Behold,
you [all],
𓍿𓈖𓏥 ṯn: you
𓏏𓈖𓏥 tn
𓍿𓈖𓏥 ṯn: you
you [all],
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
plan
𓋴𓐍𓂋𓏛 sḫr: plan, condition
𓋴𓐍𓂋 sḫr
𓋴𓐍𓂋𓏛 sḫr: plan, condition
condition
of
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
of
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓄿𓏥 nȝ.w
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
role [players??]
𓇋𓅓𓇋𓇋 jmy: belonging to; 𓇋𓄿𓏏𓊑𓏛 jȝt: role
𓄓𓏥𓃛𓂝𓂝𓏏𓀀𓏥 jm.j-rȝ-jwˤˤ
𓇋𓅓𓇋𓇋 jmy: belonging to; 𓃛𓂝𓂝𓏏𓀀𓏥 jwˤyt: troops, garrison, battalion
garrison [commanders]
and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: and, with
𓈖 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: and, with
and
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿𓏥 nȝ.w
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
performers [??]
𓁹 jrj: act, perform, present, display
𓀗𓏪 wr
𓅨 wr: magnate, noble
nobles
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
inferiors
𓏏𓍯𓄿𓀀 twȝ: inferior, person of low status
𓇿𓏤𓈅 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
land
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
the Great Show
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
about him!
𓇋𓐝 jm: among, about, in, on; 𓆑 -f: him
𓇋𓐝𓆑 j:m-f
𓇋𓐝 jm: among, about, in, on; 𓆑 -f: him
about him!
Battle of Qadesh 56
Encrypted: They will perform a crowd concerning a quarrel for the Great Show — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! — in likeness.
Official: They make stand about telling to the Pharaoh — life, prosperity and health to him! — daily.
[They will] perform
𓁹 jrj: act, perform, present, display
𓁹𓊃𓈖𓏥 jrj-sn
𓁹 jrj: do, make
[They] make
a crowd [??]
𓊢𓏤𓀀𓏥 ˤḥˤ: mass, crowd
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
stand
concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
about
a quarrel [??]
𓆓𓏭𓆓𓏭𓀁 ḏyḏy: tease, bother, quarrel
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
telling
for
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to, for
to
the Great Show
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
in likeness [??].
𓅓 m: of; 𓏠𓈖𓏏𓏛 mnt: the like, kind, fashion
𓐝𓏠𓈖𓏌𓏏𓇳 m-mn.t
𓅓𓏠𓈖𓏏𓇳 m mnt: daily
daily.
Battle of Qadesh 57
Encrypted: The revolt will be in the realm of Presentation.
Official: They say: The one of Hatti is in the land of Aleppo.
The
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
𓅮 pȝ-n
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
[They say:] The one of
revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[will be] in
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
[is] in
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
realm
𓇾 tȝ: land
𓇿 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
land
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
Presentation [??].
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓏲𓌂𓏛𓀜 ḫrp: present, offer, provide
𓐍𓏤𓏤𓂋𓏤𓃀𓅡𓈉 ḫrb
𓐍𓂋𓏤𓏤𓏤𓃀𓅱𓈉 ḫrb: Aleppo
Aleppo.
Battle of Qadesh 58
Encrypted: The enemy is to flee before his majesty, until it is understood that behold, he, Ramesses, has returned to glory.
Official: The enemy has fled before his majesty, since he had heard that behold, he, Ramesses, has returned.
[The enemy]
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
[The enemy]
[is to] flee
𓅱𓂝𓂋𓂾𓂻 wˤr: flee
𓏲𓂝𓂋𓂾𓂻 wˤr
𓅱𓂝𓂋𓂾𓂻 wˤr: flee
has fled
before
𓂋𓄂𓏏𓏤 r ḥȝt: before
𓂋𓄂𓏏𓏤 r-ḥȝ.t
𓂋𓄂𓏏𓏤 r ḥȝt: before
before
his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty,
until [?]
𓇥𓂋 ḏr: since, until
𓇥𓂋 ḏr
𓇥𓂋 ḏr: since, until
since
[it] is understood
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: understand
𓄔𓐝𓆑 sḏm-f
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen
[he] had heard
that
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
that
behold,
𓅓𓂟 m: behold!, see!
𓐝𓂝𓎡 m-k
𓅓𓂟 m: behold!, see!
behold,
he[, Ramesses,]
𓏏𓅱 tw: one
𓅱𓏏𓏏 tw-tw
𓏏𓅱 tw: one
he[, Ramesses,]
has returned [to glory??].
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
𓅱𓂻 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
has returned.
Battle of Qadesh 59
Encrypted: Such must they tell about it, when speaking of his majesty daily.
Official: Such do they tell about him, when speaking to his majesty daily.
[Such must?] they tell
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: say, tell; 𓊃𓈖𓏥 -sn: they
𓐍𓂋𓊃𓈖𓏥 ḫr-sn
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: say, tell; 𓊃𓈖𓏥 -sn: they
[Such do] they tell
about [it],
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
about [him],
[when] speaking
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[when] speaking
of [??]
𓈖 n: of
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to, for
to
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
daily.
𓅓𓏠𓈖𓏏𓇳 m mnt: daily
𓐝𓏠𓏌𓏏𓇳 m-mn.t
𓅓𓏠𓈖𓏏𓇳 m mnt: daily
daily.
Battle of Qadesh 60
Encrypted: However, behold, then did I hear in this hour from these secret actors in disguise belonging to the revolt, that the revolt can be presented, with in deception, with men of performance who according to this deception will be perceived.
Official: However, behold, then did I hear in this hour from these scouts two belonging to the one of Hatti, that the one of Hatti has returned, together with numerous, together with men and horses numerous like the quantity of grains of sand.
However,
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: so, however
𓐍𓂋 ḫr
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: so, however
However,
behold,
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆵𓁻 ptr
𓊪𓏏𓂋𓆳𓁻 ptr: see, behold
behold,
[then] did
𓁹 jrj: do, make, act
𓁹𓂋 jrj
𓁹 jrj: do, make, act
[then] did
I
𓀀 -j: I, me
𓀀 -j
𓀀 -j: I, me
I
hear
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen
𓄔𓅓 sḏm
𓄔𓅓 sḏm: hear, listen
hear
in
𓅓 m: in, on
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, on
in
this
𓏏𓄿𓏭 tȝy: this
𓄿𓏏𓏤𓏤 tȝj
𓏏𓄿𓏭 tȝy: this
this
hour
𓃹𓈖𓏌𓏏𓇼 wnwt: hour
𓃹𓏌𓏏𓇼𓇳 wnw.t
𓃹𓈖𓏌𓏏𓇼 wnwt: hour
hour
from
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
𓐝𓂞 m-dj
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
from
these
𓅮𓄿𓏭 pȝ: this
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿𓏭 pȝ: this
these
secret [actors??]
𓇉𓄿𓊪𓋳𓂡 ḥȝp: secrete, conceal, cover; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓇉𓅱𓊪𓏏𓀀 ḥȝp.wt
𓇉𓂻𓅱𓊪𓀀 ḥȝptyw: spy, scout
scouts
in disguise [??]
𓋴𓈖𓏕𓏛 snj: copy, imitate; 𓊃𓈖𓈖𓍼𓏤 snn: guise
𓏤𓏤 sn
𓏤𓏤 sn: two
two
belonging to
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
belonging to
[the]
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
𓅮𓈖 pȝ-n
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
the one of
revolt,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
that
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd
𓂋𓆓𓂧 r-ḏd: that
that
[the]
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
𓅮𓈖 pȝ-n
𓅮𓄿𓈖 pȝ-n: one of, that of
the one of
revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
[can] be presented,
𓃛𓅱𓂝 jwˤ: present (someone with something)
𓅱𓂻 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
has returned,
with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
together with
[in] deception,
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ: numerous
numerous,
with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝𓆑 ḥnˤ-f
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
together with
𓅓 m: in, of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, of
men
𓂋𓍿𓀀 rmṯ: human being
𓂋𓍿𓀀𓁐𓏥 rmṯ
𓂋𓍿𓀀 rmṯ: human being
men
of performance
𓋴𓌬𓅓𓂻 sšm: instruct, show; 𓋴𓌬𓐝 sšm: performance
𓃗𓏥 ssm
𓊃𓊃𓅓𓃗 ssm: horse
[and] horses
[who] according to
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
𓏇𓇋 mj
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
[numerous] like
[this?] deception [??]
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓄿𓏪 ˤšȝ: quantity, multitude
the quantity
[will] be perceived [??].
𓋴𓄿𓋷𓀁 sjȝ: recognize, perceive
𓈙𓂝𓈓 šˤj
𓈙𓂝𓏭𓈒𓏥 šˤy: sand
of [grains of] sand.
The actors are sworn to secrecy, the subjects mustn’t know it’s a hoax.
Battle of Qadesh 64
Encrypted: They can stand behind the Empty Form of Violent Rebels, so do they say. But must not know this the wretched folk and the oppressed belonging to those of the inferiors belonging to the Great Show’s — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! — authority.
Official: They stand behind Qadesh-Ta-Izet, so do they say! But did not know this the overseers of the foreign lands and the nobles belonging to those in charge of the lands belonging to the Pharaoh’s — life, prosperity and health to him! — authority.
They
𓋴𓏏 st: they
𓋴𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they
They
[can] stand
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
𓊢𓅴𓂻 ˤḥˤ
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stand up
stand
behind
𓇉𓄿 ḥȝ: behind, around
𓇉𓁶𓏤 ḥȝ
𓇉𓄿 ḥȝ: behind, around
behind
the Empty Form of Violent Rebels [???],
𓐪𓂧𓈒𓏛 qd: fashion, form; 𓆄𓏲𓅪 šw: empty; 𓏏𓉔𓄿𓂿𓀜 thȝ: violate, aggressor; 𓇩𓏏𓏤𓀐 jst: company of rebels
𓊧𓂧𓈙𓈉𓄿𓏏𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏏𓅪 qdš-tȝ-js.t
𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉𓏏𓄿𓇋𓏛𓋴𓏤𓏤𓅪 qdšw-tȝ-jst: Qadesh-Ta-Izet; 𓐪𓂧𓈙𓈉 qdš: Qadesh; 𓏏𓄿 tȝ: this, the; 𓇩𓏏𓉐 jst: administrative unit
Qadesh-Ta-Izet,
[so do] they say.
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: say, tell; 𓏏𓅱 tw: one
𓐍𓂋𓅱𓏏 ḫr-tw
𓐍𓂋 ḫr: say, tell; 𓏏𓅱 tw: one
[so do] they say!
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[But must?] not
𓃀𓅱 bw: no, not
𓃀𓅱 bw
𓃀𓅱 bw: no, not
[But did] not
know [this]
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ: find out, know
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ
𓂋𓐍𓏛 rḫ: find out, know
know [this]
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
wretched [folk???]
𓇋𓅓𓇋𓇋𓏜 jmy: belonging to; 𓂋 r: to; 𓄡𓊃𓅪𓏭 ẖsy: wretched; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓄓𓏥𓈉𓏏𓏥 jm.j-rȝ-ḫȝs.t
𓄓𓂋 jmy r: overseer; 𓈉𓏏𓏤 ḫȝst: foreign land
overseers of the foreign lands
and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
and
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
oppressed [???]
𓄿𓇋𓂋𓌗𓅪 ȝr: suppress, oppress
𓀗𓏪 wr
𓅨 wr: magnate, noble
nobles
belonging to
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏤𓏤 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
belonging to
those
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
those
of
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
[in charge] of
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
inferiors
𓏏𓍯𓄿𓀀 twȝ: inferior, person of low status
𓇿𓏤𓈅 tȝ
𓇾 tȝ: land
lands
belonging to
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
belonging to
the Great Show’s
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh’s
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
authority.
𓂋𓆱𓏏𓏤 r ḫt: under the authority of
𓂋𓆱𓏏𓏤𓊃𓈖𓏥 r-ḫt-sn
𓂋𓆱𓏏𓏤 r ḫt: under the authority of
authority.
Battle of Qadesh 67
Encrypted: So that also not they could say: That is all false!
Official: Also not they would say: They have returned!
[So that] also
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: self, also
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: self, also
Also
not [???]
𓈖 n: not; 𓂜 n: not
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: not; 𓂜 n: not
not [???]
[they???]
𓈖𓏥 ny: we two
𓈖𓏥 -n
𓈖𓏥 ny: we two
[they???]
could
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: if
--- ---
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: if
would
say:
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
--- ---
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
say:
That
𓋴𓏏 st: they
𓋴𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they
They
[is all] false!
𓃛𓏲𓅪𓏥 jw: error, wrong
𓂻𓅱 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jw: come, return
have returned!
Battle of Qadesh 68
Encrypted: To this said the show people who were in front of his majesty as follows: A villany great is that which will do the formers of foreign shapes and the performers of the Great Show — envelopings, deceptions and enclosings to him! —
Official: To this said the noblemen who were in front of his majesty as follows: A crime great is that which did the overseers of the foreign lands and the nobles of the Pharaoh — life, prosperity and health to him! —
[To this] said
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓏏𓈖 ḏd.tn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
[To this] said
the show [people]
𓋴𓂋𓃱𓂻 sr: show, reveal, announce
𓀗𓏥 sr
𓋴𓂋𓀙 sr: nobleman, official
the noblemen
who [were]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
who [were]
in front of
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
𓐝𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ
𓅓𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ: in the presence of, in front of
in front of
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
as follows:
𓂋𓏏 r-ntj: as follows, concerning
𓂋𓈖𓏏𓏭 r-n.tj
𓂋𓏏 r-ntj: as follows, concerning
as follows:
A villany
𓃀𓏏𓍔𓄿𓏴𓅪𓀀 btȝ: villain, criminal
𓃀𓏏𓍔𓄿𓅱𓅪 btȝ.w
𓃀𓏏𓍔𓄿𓅪𓏥 btȝ: wrong, crime
A crime
great
𓉻𓂝𓄿𓏛 ˤȝ: great, large
𓉻 ˤȝ
𓉻𓂝𓄿𓏛 ˤȝ: great, large
great
[is] that
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
[is] that
[which will] do
𓁹 jrj: do, make
𓁹𓂋𓅱 jrj.w
𓁹 jrj: do, make
[which] did
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿𓈖 nȝ-n
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
formers of foreign shapes [???]
𓏶𓅓𓏏 jmy: shape, mould, form; 𓂋 r: to; 𓈉𓏏𓏤 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓄓𓈉𓏏𓏥 jm.j-rȝ-ḫȝs.t
𓄓𓂋 jmy r: overseer; 𓈉𓏏𓏤 ḫȝst: foreign land
overseers of the foreign lands
and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
and
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
performers [???]
𓁹 jrj: act, perform, present, display
𓀗𓏪 wr
𓅨 wr: magnate, noble
nobles
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
the Great Show
𓉐𓂋𓂻 prj: display, show; 𓉻 ˤȝ: great
𓉻𓉐𓉐 pr-ˤȝ
𓉐𓉻 pr-ˤȝ: palace, pharaoh
the Pharaoh
— envelopings,
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓀜 jnḥ: envelope
𓋹 ˤnḫ
𓋹𓈖𓐍 ˤnḫ: live, life
— life,
deceptions
𓂝𓍑𓄿𓏴𓅪 ˤḏȝ: deception
𓍑 wḏȝ
𓅱𓍑𓄿𓂀 wḏȝ: prosperity
prosperity
and enclosings [to him]! —
𓋴 s-: make; 𓇋𓆛𓈖𓃀𓊅 jnb: enclose
𓋴 snb
𓋴𓈖𓃀𓏜 snb: healthy
and health [to him]! —
Battle of Qadesh 70
Encrypted: namely that they will not cause an examination into the truth of the mask of this revolt, as to the those aspects all where it there could possibly be revealed, and will not tell these reports to his subjects in secret.
Official: namely that they did not cause an examination into the affairs of the enemy of Hatti, as to the those places all where he there could possibly be, and did not tell these reports to his majesty daily.
[namely] that
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
[namely] that
[they will] not
𓏏𓍃𓅓 tm: not be
𓏏𓍃𓐝 tm
𓏏𓍃𓅓 tm: not be
[they did] not
cause
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
𓂝𓏏𓏤 dj.t
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
cause
an examination
𓋴𓂸𓏏𓂋𓌙𓌙𓏛 smtr: examine
𓊃𓂺𓏏𓄹𓏴 smtj.tw
𓋴𓂸𓏏𓂋𓌙𓌙𓏛 smtr: examine
an examination
into
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖𓋴𓈖𓏥 n-sn
𓈖 n: to, for
into
𓂋 r: to
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to
the [truth?]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the [affairs?]
of
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
of
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓀒 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
[this] revolt,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
[as] to
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
[as] to
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
those [aspects?]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
those [places]
all
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟 nb
𓎟 nb: every, all
all
[where] it
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
[where] he
there
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
𓇋𓅓 jm
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
there
could [possibly be revealed??],
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: if, introduction for the conjunctive
𓐝𓅱𓏏𓊃𓈖𓏥 mtw-sn
𓅓𓏏𓅱 mtw: if, introduction for the conjunctive
could [possibly be],
[and will not] tell
𓆓𓂧𓋴𓏇𓇋𓀁 ḏd: tell
𓆓𓂧 ḏd
𓆓𓂧𓋴𓏇𓇋𓀁 ḏd: tell
[and did not] tell
[these] reports
𓋴𓏇𓇋𓀁 smj: report
𓋴𓏇𓀁𓆑 smj-f
𓋴𓏇𓇋𓀁 smj: report
[these] reports
to
𓈖 n: to, for
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: to, for
to
his subjects
𓍛𓀀 ḥm: servant, slave; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[in] secret.
𓅓 m: in; 𓇋𓏠𓈖𓏏𓀃 jmnt: secret, unseen, hidden
𓐝𓏠𓈖𓏏𓇳 m-mn.t
𓅓 m: in; 𓏠𓈖𓏏𓇳 mnt: daily
daily.
The actors are dressed up for the big show.
Battle of Qadesh 72
Encrypted: Then were made in front of his majesty the shapes in order to paint up the workforce of his majesty, who were about to be presented as enemies in the Hoax-Rebellion, in order to then bring them to the place that his subjects were there.
Official: Then was appointed in front of his majesty the vizier in order to hurry to the army of his majesty, who were about to march south Shabtuna, in order to bring them to the place that his majesty was there.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ.n
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
were made [??]
𓏙 rdj: cause, make
𓂋𓂝𓅱 rdj
𓏙 rdj: appoint
was appointed
in front of [his majesty?]
𓅓𓁷𓏤 m ḥr: in view of
𓐝𓁷𓏤𓈖 m-ḥr-n
𓅓𓁷𓏤 m ḥr: in view of
in front of [his majesty?]
the shapes
𓇋𓏏𓂇 tjt: image, form, shape, figure
𓅷𓏏𓏤 ṯȝ.tj
𓅷𓏏𓏤 ṯȝtj: vizier
the vizier
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
paint up [???]
𓏞𓏜 sẖȝ: write, paint
𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻 ȝs
𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻 ȝs: hurry, hasten
hurry
the workforce
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
𓀎𓏪 mšˤ
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
[to] the army
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty,
[who were?]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱𓊃𓈖𓏥 jw-sn
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[who were?]
about
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
about
to be presented
𓅓𓊃𓅭 msȝ: bring, present (to)
𓐝𓂝𓈙𓂝𓂾𓂻 mšˤ
𓅖𓈙𓂝𓂾𓂻 mšˤ: march
to march
[as?] enemies [??]
𓂋𓋴𓌙𓏏𓀏𓏪 rst: enemies, rebel
𓇔𓏭𓈅 rsj
𓇔𓏭𓈅 rsy: south; 𓇔𓅱𓏏 rswt: south
south
[in?] the Hoax-Rebellion,
𓋴𓃀𓇋𓄑𓀁 sbj: joke, hoax; 𓇋𓏏𓈖𓏌𓅱𓂉𓀏 jtnw: rebel, adversary
𓆷𓄿𓃀𓅱𓈉 šbtwn
𓆷𓃀𓅱𓏏𓈖𓈉 šbtn: Shabtuna
Shabtuna,
in order to
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
[then] bring
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away
𓏎𓏲𓏏 jnj.ṱ
𓏎𓈖 jnj: bring, bring away
bring
them
𓅱𓏪 =w: they, them
𓏥 -w
𓅱𓏪 =w: they, them
them
to
𓂋 r: to, at
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to, at
to
the [place]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the [place]
that
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
that
his subjects
𓍛𓀀 ḥm: servant, slave; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[were] there.
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
𓐝 m
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
[was] there.
Battle of Qadesh 75
Encrypted: Now was his majesty making himself acquainted about these things with the show people, until the mask of a revolt was presented, together with the created rebels and likewise the foreigners in deception, of those together with him.
Official: Now was his majesty still sitting about speaking with the noblemen, when the enemy of Hatti came, together with the army and the chariotry and likewise the foreigners numerous, of those together with him.
Now
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now, while
𓇋𓋴𓏏 jst
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now, while
Now
was
𓃹𓈖𓈖 wnn: be, exist
𓃹𓈖𓈖 wnn
𓃹𓈖𓈖 wnn: be, exist
was
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
making [himself] acquainted [???]
𓋴𓇛𓈖𓆓𓅓𓀔 snḏm: make pleasant, make content
𓋴𓀼 snḏm
𓋴𓇛𓅓𓀔 snḏm: sit down, rest
[still] sitting
about
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
about
[these] things
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓏯𓀁 mdt: thing, affair
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓀁𓏪 mdwj.t
𓌃𓂧𓏏𓀁 mdt: speech, words
speaking
with
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
𓐝𓂝 m-dj
𓅓𓂞 m-dj: at, with
with
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿 nȝ
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
show [people],
𓋴𓂋𓃱𓂻 sr: show, reveal, announce
𓀗𓏥 sr
𓋴𓂋𓀙 sr: nobleman, official
noblemen,
[until?]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[when]
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫr
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
was presented,
𓃛𓅱𓂝 jwˤ: present (someone with something)
𓂻𓏲 jwj
𓂻𓅱 jwj: come, return
came,
together with
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
together with
the created
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce
𓀎𓏥 mšˤ
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
the army
rebels [???]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt
𓈖𓍿𓎛𓃗𓏥𓆑 n.ṯ-ḥtr-f
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry
[and] the chariotry
[and] likewise
𓅓𓏇𓏏𓏏𓏛 m mjtt: likewise, similar
𓐝𓏇𓏏𓏏𓏛 m-mj.tt
𓅓𓏇𓏏𓏏𓏛 m mjtt: likewise, similar
[and] likewise
the foreigners
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
the foreigners
[in] deception,
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ: numerous
numerous,
of [those]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
of [those]
together with him.
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and; 𓆑 -f: him
𓎛𓈖𓂝𓆑 ḥnˤ-f
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and; 𓆑 -f: him
together with him.
Battle of Qadesh 78
Encrypted: They were clothed then slowly into the new clothing.
Official: They crossed then slowly the ford.
They were clothed [??]
𓍑𓋳 ḏȝ: clothing
𓍑𓄿𓏏𓊃𓏥 ḏȝj.t-sn
𓍑𓄿𓊛 ḏȝj: cross, ferry
They crossed
then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ.n
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
then
slowly [???]
𓃀𓂧𓈙𓀉 bdš: weak, inert
𓃀𓂧𓈙 bdš
𓃀𓂧𓈙𓀉 bdš: weak, inert
slowly [???]
[into] the
𓏏𓄿 tȝ: the
--- ---
𓏏𓄿 tȝ: the
the
[new?] clothing.
𓄟𓋴𓂧𓏏𓋳 msdt: clothing
--- ---
𓅓𓄞𓂧𓏏𓈅𓏤 mšdt: ford, channel
ford.
--- ---
The hoax rebellion starts, and the actors fake-attack the pharaoh.
Battle of Qadesh 81
Encrypted: Then became a rebellion the created rebels of his majesty before them, who were quarreling at the place that his subjects were there.
Official: Then became weak the army and chariotry of his majesty before them, as they were going north to the place that his majesty was there.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
--- ---
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
[became] a rebellion
𓃀𓂧𓈙𓀁𓏥 bdš: rebels, rebellion
--- ---
𓃀𓂧𓈙𓀉 bdš: weak, inert
[became] weak
the created
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce
--- ---
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
the army
rebels [???]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt
--- ---
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry
[and] chariotry
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
--- ---
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
--- ---
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
before them,
𓂋𓄂𓏏𓏤 r ḥȝt: in front of, before
--- ---
𓂋𓄂𓏏𓏤 r ḥȝt: in front of, before
before them,
[who] were quarreling
𓅓𓐍𓂧𓊛 m-ḫd: downstream, northwards
𓐝𓐍𓂧𓊞 m-ḫd
𓅓𓐍𓂧𓊛 m-ḫd: downstream, northwards
[as they were going] north
at
𓂋 r: to, at
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to, at
to
the [place]
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the [place]
that
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏𓏭 nty: who, which, that
that
his subjects
𓍛𓀀 ḥm: servant, slave; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
[were] there.
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
𓇋𓅓 jm
𓇋𓅓 jm: there, therefore
[was] there.
Battle of Qadesh 83
Encrypted: Now surrounded the mask of a revolt the retinue of his majesty of those who were beside him.
Official: Now surrounded the enemy of Hatti the retinue of his majesty of those who were beside him.
Now
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now, while
𓇋𓏏𓋴𓅱 jstw
𓇋𓋴𓍿 jsṯ: now, while
Now
surrounded
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓍢𓂡 jnḥ: surround, enclose
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓏲𓂝 jnḥ
𓇋𓆛𓈖𓎛𓍢𓂡 jnḥ: surround, enclose
surrounded
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮𓊤𓅱𓏪𓂡𓈖𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
mask
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: surface, facade, mask
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫr
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti
the
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
𓈖𓄿𓈖 nȝ-n
𓈖𓄿 nȝ: the, this
the
retinue
𓌞𓅱𓂻𓏥 šmsw: following, suite
𓌞𓀀𓏥 šms.w
𓌞𓅱𓂻𓏥 šmsw: following, suite
retinue
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
his majesty
of [those]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
of [those]
[who were] beside him.
𓂋𓐛𓏤 r gs: beside, in the presence of; 𓆑 -f: him
𓂋𓐛𓏤𓆑 r-gs-f
𓂋𓐛𓏤 r gs: beside, in the presence of; 𓆑 -f: him
[who were] beside him.
The pharaoh reacts like a true hero, dons his armor, and instructs the actors to drop dead.
Battle of Qadesh 84
Encrypted: Then would catch the sight of them his majesty. Then he raged towards them like in a true sovereing’s fashion, like the lords of old.
Official: Then caught the sight of them his majesty. Then he raged against them like his father, the god Montu, lord of Thebes.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ.n
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
[would] catch the sight
𓅠𓅓𓎛𓁹 gmḥ: catch sight of, look (at)
𓅠𓐝𓏏𓁻𓎛𓈖 gmḥ.tn
𓅠𓅓𓎛𓁹 gmḥ: catch sight of, look (at)
caught the sight
of them
𓋴𓏏 st: they, them
𓊃𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: they, them
of them
his majesty.
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖𓆑 ˤḥˤ.n-f
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
[he] raged
𓈍𓂝𓂋𓂡 ḫˤr: rage, fury
𓈍𓂝𓂋𓅱𓃗 ḫˤr.w
𓈍𓂝𓂋𓂡 ḫˤr: rage, fury
[he] raged
towards them
𓂋 r: towards
𓂋𓊃𓈖𓏥 r-sn
𓂋 r: against, from
against them
like
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
𓏇𓇋 mj
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
like
[in a true] sovereing’s
𓇋𓍘𓇋𓇋𓀛 jty: sovereign; 𓆑 -f: his
𓏏𓆑 jtj-f
𓇋𓏏 jtj: father, grandfather; 𓆑 -f: his
his father,
fashion,
𓏠𓈖𓏏𓏛 mnt: the like, kind, fashion
𓏠𓈖𓍿𓏲𓁮 mnṯ.w
𓏠𓈖𓍿𓅱 mnṯw: Montu
[the god] Montu,
[like] the lords of old.
𓎟 nb: lord, master; 𓇋𓇩𓊃𓅱𓏏𓆰𓏥 jswt: ancient times, antiquity
𓎟𓌀𓏏𓊖 nb-wȝs.t
𓎟 nb: lord, master; 𓋆𓏏𓊖𓀭 wȝst: Thebes
lord of Thebes.
Battle of Qadesh 86
Encrypted: He took the decoration of battle and was clad in his body armor.
Official: He took the adornments of battle and was clad in his body armor.
He took
𓊏𓊪𓂡 šsp: receive, take
𓊏𓊪𓂡𓈖𓆑 šsp.n-f
𓊏𓊪𓂡 šsp: receive, take
He took
the decoration
𓄡𓎡𓂋𓏛 ẖkr: adornments, decoration
𓐬𓐬𓐬 ẖkr
𓄡𓎡𓂋𓏛 ẖkr: adornments, decoration
the adornments
of battle
𓂚𓄿𓀜 ˤḥȝ: fight, battle
𓂚𓂡 ˤḥȝ
𓂚𓄿𓀜 ˤḥȝ: fight, battle
of battle
[and] was clad
𓅷𓄿𓇋𓇋𓂷𓂡 ṯȝy: don, clad in
𓅷𓇋𓇋𓂡𓆑 ṯȝj-f
𓅷𓄿𓇋𓇋𓂷𓂡 ṯȝy: don, clad in
[and] was clad
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, him
in
𓅓 m: in, of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, of
in
his
𓅮𓄿𓇋𓇋 pȝy: this; 𓆑 -f: his
𓅮𓇋𓇋𓆑 pȝy-f
𓅮𓄿𓇋𓇋 pȝy: this; 𓆑 -f: his
his
body armor.
𓅷𓏤𓂋𓏤𓇋𓇋𓈖𓄿𓄛 ṯryn: body armor
𓅷𓂋𓏤𓇋𓇋𓈖𓄿𓄜 ṯȝryn
𓅷𓏤𓂋𓏤𓇋𓇋𓈖𓄿𓄛 ṯryn: body armor
body armor.
Battle of Qadesh 87
Encrypted: He was like a real fighter in his deception.
Official: He was like the god Baal in his hour.
He
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
𓇓𓅱 sw
𓇓𓅱 sw: he, it
He
[was] like
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
𓏇𓇋 mj
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
[was] like
[a real?] fighter
𓃁𓂋𓃫 bˤr: fight, quarrel
𓃀𓂝𓂋𓁣 bˤr
𓃀𓂝𓂋𓃩 bˤr: Baal
[the god] Baal
in
𓅓 m: in, on
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, on
in
his deception.
𓂝𓃹𓈖𓏌𓏲𓂡 ˤwnw: deceive; 𓏏 -t: (suffix); 𓆑 -f: his
𓃹𓈖𓏌𓏏𓆑 wnw.t-f
𓃹𓈖𓏌𓏏𓇼𓇳 wnwt: hour; 𓆑 -f: his
his hour.
Battle of Qadesh 88
Encrypted: Then he rose onto his performance, and to the presentation quickly, while he was securely covered up on his head.
Official: Then he rose onto his horse, and to the front quickly, while he was all alone by himself.
Then
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
𓊢𓂝𓈖𓆑 ˤḥˤ.n-f
𓊢𓂝𓈖 ˤḥˤ n: then
Then
[he] rose
𓍿𓊃𓍞 ṯsj: go up, raise
𓍿𓏲𓂻 ṯsj
𓍿𓊃𓍞 ṯsj: go up, raise
[he] rose
onto
𓂋 r: to, at
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to, at
onto
[his performance,]
𓋴𓌬𓅓𓂻 sšm: show, performance; 𓆑 -f: his
--- ---
𓊃𓊃𓅓𓃗 ssm: horse; 𓆑 -f: his
[his horse,]
[and]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲𓆑 jw-f
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[and]
to
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
to
the presentation
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓂤𓂡 ḫrp: present
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓂡 ḫrp
𓐍𓂋𓊪𓂥 ḫrp: be forward of
the front
quickly,
𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻 ȝs: quickly, in haste
𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻 ȝs
𓄿𓋴𓍬𓂻 ȝs: quickly, in haste
quickly,
[while]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲𓆑 jw-f
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[while]
[he was securely??] covered up [??]
𓇋𓂝𓂝𓅱𓂡 jˤˤw: cover up, coat
𓌡𓂡𓏲 wˤj
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤj: be alone
[he was all] alone
on
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
𓁷 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
by
his head [??].
𓁶𓏤 tp: head; 𓆑 -f: his
𓁶𓆑 tp-f
𓁶𓏤 tp: self; 𓆑 -f: his
himself.
--- ---
Battle of Qadesh 94
Encrypted: ...and entered into the facade of an enemy belonging to a revolt, and into the foreigners in deception, of those together with him, and it was like a confusion.
Official: ...and entered into the troops of the enemy of Hatti, and into the foreigners numerous, of those together with him, and he was like the god Seth.
[...and]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲𓆑 jw-f
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[...and]
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
entered
𓅧𓈎𓂻 ˤq: enter
𓅧𓈎𓂻 ˤq
𓅧𓈎𓂻 ˤq: enter
entered
into
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
into
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
facade
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: front, facade, mask
𓊤𓏲𓂡𓏥 ḫr.w
𓐍𓂋𓇋𓇋𓅱𓍢𓂡𓀀𓏪 ḫryw: troops
troops
of
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
an
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓄿𓅮 ȝpȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
enemy
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫr
𓐍𓂋𓀒 ḫrw: enemy, foe
enemy
belonging to
𓈖 n: belonging to
𓈖 n
𓈖 n: belonging to
of
a revolt,
𓇉𓄿𓂝𓇋𓇋𓏏𓀜 ḥȝˤyt: revolt, civil war, conflict
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓈉 ḫt
𓐍𓏏𓍔𓄿𓌙𓈉 ḫt: Hatti, land of the Hittites
Hatti,
and [into]
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and
and [into]
the foreigners
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
the foreigners
[in] deception,
𓊃𓉔𓂽 shȝ: confuse, deceive, defraud
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ
𓆈𓏥 ˤšȝ: numerous
numerous,
of [those]
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
𓈖𓏏𓏭 n.tj
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to
of [those]
together with him,
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and; 𓆑 -f: him
𓎛𓈖𓂝𓆑 ḥnˤ-f
𓎛𓈖𓂝 ḥnˤ: together with, and; 𓆑 -f: him
together with him,
[and]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲𓆑 jw-f
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[and]
[it was?] like
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
𓏇 mj
𓏇𓇋 mj: like, according as
[he was] like
a confusion [???].
𓋴𓏏𓍔𓄿𓏲𓎛𓁻 stȝḥ: beguile, confuse
𓇓𓏏𓐍𓁣 swtḫ
𓋴𓏏𓈙 stẖ: Seth
[the god] Seth.
--- ---
Battle of Qadesh 101
Encrypted: ...and it was an appearance about killing
Official: ...and he slaughtered and killed
[...and]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲𓆑 jw-f
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[...and]
[it was??] an appearance [???]
𓌴𓁹𓅱𓏥 ȝw: sight, appearance; 𓅱𓇋𓄿𓏲𓇋𓄿𓏴𓅪 wjȝwjȝ: confused
𓏲𓂝𓏲𓇳𓏭𓌪𓂡 wˤwˤ
𓏲𓂝𓏲𓂝𓌪𓂡 wˤwˤ: massacre, kill, butcher
[he] slaughtered
about
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
killing [?]
𓊃𓐙𓂝 smȝˤ: correct, direct, present
𓊃𓌳𓌪𓂡 smȝ
𓋴𓌳𓄿𓌪 smȝ: slay, kill
[and] killed
𓅓 m: in, of
𓇋𓐝𓊃𓈖 jm-sn
𓅓 m: in, of
--- ---
Battle of Qadesh 104
Encrypted: ...and his majesty appointed them to fall in great heaps, one upon the other one, according to the appearance of their arranged performance.
Official: ...and his majesty caused them to fall in great heaps, one upon the other one, at the waters of the Orontes.
[...and]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[...and]
his majesty
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty; 𓆑 -f: his
his majesty
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: about, concerning
appointed [them]
𓂋𓏙 rdj: place, appoint
𓂞 dj.t
𓂋𓏙 rḏj: cause, allow
caused [them]
to fall
𓉔𓄿𓂻 hȝj: descend, fall
𓉔𓄿𓊃𓈖𓏥 hȝj-sn
𓉔𓄿𓂻 hȝj: descend, fall
to fall
in
𓅓 m: in, to
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, to
in
[great] heaps,
𓎼𓃀𓎼𓃀𓏏𓀒𓏥 gbgbt: struck down in heaps
𓎼𓃀𓎼𓃀𓏏𓀒𓏥 gbgb.t
𓎼𓃀𓎼𓃀𓏏𓀒𓏥 gbgbt: struck down in heaps
[great] heaps,
𓅓 m: in, of
𓐝 m
𓅓 m: in, of
one
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
𓌡𓏤𓂝 wˤ
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
one
upon
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
𓁷𓏤 ḥr
𓁷𓏤 ḥr: on, upon
upon
the [other] one,
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
𓌡𓏤𓂝 wˤ
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
the [other] one,
according to
𓂋 r: according to
𓂋 r
𓂋 r: to, at
at
the
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
𓅮 pȝ
𓅮𓄿 pȝ: the
the
appearance
𓌵𓏲 mȝw: aspect, appearance
𓈗 mw
𓈗 mw: water
waters
of
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
𓏌𓏏 n.wt
𓈖 n: belonging to, of
of
[their] arranged performance [???].
𓂂𓏲 jr: perform; 𓈖𓏏𓂝𓍼 ntˤ: arrangement
𓇋𓂋𓏤𓈖𓏥𓍿𓈗 jrnṯ
𓇋𓂋𓈖𓏥𓏏𓅱 jrnṯ: Orontes
the Orontes.
The pharaoh swears it was all a hoax, but his subjects fell for it, and loved him afterwards.
Battle of Qadesh 106
Encrypted: So falsified I, Ramesses, the cover of it all, while I too was covered up, when had appeared I with my own creations and my own rebels.
Official: So attacked I, Ramesses, the foreigners all, while I was alone, when had been abandoned I by my army and my chariotry.
[So] falsified
𓌌𓇋𓇋𓏴𓅪 ḥḏ: false
𓉔𓂧𓂝 hd
𓉔𓂧𓂢𓂡 hd: attack, prevail over
[So] attacked
I[, Ramesses,]
𓀀 =j: I, me
𓀰 -j
𓀀 =j: I, me
I[, Ramesses,]
the cover
𓎛𓋴𓐠𓄿𓏲𓏝 ḥsȝ: cover, covered; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓈉𓏏𓏥 ḫȝs.t
𓆼𓋴𓏏𓈉 ḫȝst: foreign land
the foreigners
of [it] all,
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟 nb
𓎟 nb: every, all
all,
[while]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓏲 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[while]
I [too]
𓀀 =j: I, me
𓀀 -j
𓀀 =j: I, me
I
was covered up [??],
𓇋𓂝𓂝𓅱𓂡 jˤˤw: cover up, coat
𓌡𓂝𓏲𓎡𓏲𓀀 wˤj.kw
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤj: be alone
was alone,
[when]
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
𓇋𓅱 jw
𓇋𓅱 jw: (particle)
[when]
had appeared
𓈍𓂝 ḫˤj: rise, appear
𓆼𓄿𓂝𓂻 ḫȝˤ
𓆼𓄿𓂝𓂡 ḫȝˤ: separate, abandon
had been abandoned
I
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
𓏲𓀀 wj
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
I
[with?] my [own]
𓅮𓄿𓇋𓇋 pȝy: this, my; 𓀀 -j: my
𓅮𓇋𓇋𓀀 pȝy-j
𓅮𓄿𓇋𓇋 pȝy: this, my; 𓀀 -j: my
[by] my
creations [???]
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce
𓀎𓏪 mšˤ
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce
army
[and] my [own]
𓏏𓄿𓇋𓇋 tȝy: this; 𓀀 -j: my
𓄿𓏏𓇋𓇋𓀀 tȝy-j
𓏏𓄿𓇋𓇋 tȝy: this; 𓀀 -j: my
[and] my
rebels [???].
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt; 𓀀 -j: my
𓈖𓍿𓎛𓃗𓏥 n.ṯ-ḥtr
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry; 𓀀 -j: my
chariotry.
Battle of Qadesh 108
Encrypted: Not could stand a single one of them against the swindle.
Official: Not would stop a single one of them in order to turn back.
Not
𓃀𓅱 bw: no, not
𓃀𓅱 bw
𓃀𓅱 bw: no, not
Not
[could] stand
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stop, wait
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ
𓊢𓂝𓂻 ˤḥˤ: stand, stop, wait
[would] stop
[a single] one
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
𓌡𓏤𓂝 wˤ
𓌡𓂝𓏤 wˤ: one, sole one
[a single] one
of them
𓅓 m: in, of
𓇋𓐝𓊃𓈖𓏥 j:m-sn
𓅓 m: in, of
of them
against
𓂋 r: against
𓂋𓏤 r
𓂋 r: in order to, towards
in order to
the swindle [???].
𓂝𓃹𓈖𓃹𓈖𓀜 ˤwnwn: cheat, defraud, swindle
𓂝𓈖𓏌𓏲𓀢 ˤnw
𓂝𓈖𓈖𓂽 ˤnn: return, turn back
turn back.
Battle of Qadesh 109
Encrypted: I swear that afterwards loved me the oppressed, and that praised me my poor subjects all.
Official: I swear that loves me Re, and that praises me my father Atum.
I swear
𓋹𓈖𓐍𓀁 ˤnḫ: swear; 𓀀 -j: I, me
𓈖𓋹𓀰 ˤnḫ-j
𓋹𓈖𓐍𓀁 ˤnḫ: swear; 𓀀 -j: I, me
I swear
[that afterwards] loved
𓌻𓂋𓀁 mrj: love, prefer
𓌸𓇋𓇋𓏲 mrj.y
𓌻𓂋𓀁 mrj: love, prefer
[that] loves
me
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
𓀰 wj
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
me
the oppressed [?],
𓄿𓇋𓂋𓌗𓅪 ȝr: suppress, oppress
𓇴 rˤw
𓂋𓂝𓇳 rˤw: Re
Re,
[and that] praised
𓎛𓎿𓊃𓀁 ḥsj: praise
𓎿𓇋𓇋 ḥsj.y
𓎛𓎿𓊃𓀁 ḥsj: praise
[and that] praises
me
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
𓏲𓀰 wj
𓅱𓀀 wj: I, me
me
my poor [subjects?]
𓂜𓏏𓅪𓏭 jwty: poor man; 𓀀 -j: my
𓇋𓏏𓆑𓀀𓀰 jtj-j
𓇋𓏏 jtj: father; 𓀀 -j: my
my father
all [??].
𓏏𓍃𓐝𓅓𓀀𓁐𓏥 tmw: everyone, totality of people
𓏏𓍃𓅓𓀭 jtm.w
𓏏𓍃 jtmw: Atum
Atum.
Battle of Qadesh 110
Encrypted: As to the dealings all told of his majesty, I did it all just in appearance, by presenting my own creations and my own rebels.
Official: As to the dealings all told of his majesty, I did it all in truth, in the presence of my army and my chariotry.
As to
𓇋𓂋 jr: as to
𓇋𓂋 jr
𓇋𓂋 jr: as to
As to
the dealings [??]
𓋴𓐍𓂋𓏲𓏛𓏥 sḫrw: way, plan, dealings
𓊃𓐍𓂋𓏛 sḫr
𓋴𓐍𓂋𓏲𓏛𓏥 sḫrw: way, plan, dealings
the dealings [??]
all
𓎟 nb: every, all
𓎟 nb
𓎟 nb: every, all
all
told
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
𓆓𓂧𓏏𓈖 ḏd.tn
𓆓𓂧 ḏd: say, tell
told
of his majesty,
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
𓍛𓀰𓆑 ḥm-f
𓍛 ḥm: majesty
of his majesty,
I did
𓁹 jrj: do, make; 𓀀 -j: I, me
𓁹𓂋𓀰 jrj-j
𓁹 jrj: do, make; 𓀀 -j: I, me
I did
it [all]
𓋴𓏏 st: it
𓋴𓏏𓏥 st
𓋴𓏏 st: it
it [all]
[just] in
𓄿 m: in, as
𓐝 m
𓄿 m: in, as
in
appearance,
𓌵𓄿 mȝw: aspect, appearance; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
𓁧𓏭 mȝˤ.t
𓌴𓐙𓂝𓏛 mȝˤ: true, real; 𓏏 -t: (suffix)
truth,
by presenting [???]
𓅓 m: with, by; 𓃀𓅡𓄿𓎛𓂺𓏛 bȝḥ: presence
𓐝𓂺𓏛 m-bȝḥ
𓅓 m: in; 𓃀𓅡𓄿𓎛𓂺𓏛 bȝḥ: presence
in the presence of
my [own] creations
𓄟𓋴𓏏 msj: form, fashion, create, produce; 𓀀 -j: my
𓀎𓏪𓀰 mšˤ-j
𓀎𓀀𓏥 mšˤ: army, workforce; 𓀀 -j: my
my army
[and] my [own] rebels [???].
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓊤𓅱𓇋𓇋𓏏𓂡𓏥 ḫrwyt: war, rebellion, revolt; 𓀀 -j: my
𓈗𓎛𓃗𓏥𓀰 mwn.ṯ-ḥtr-j
𓈖𓏏 nt: of, belonging to; 𓎛𓏏𓂋𓃗 ḥtr: chariotry; 𓀀 -j: I, me
[and] my chariotry.