Caesar
The unexplained name Caesar seems related to the “caesarean” cut, the caesura, and to the Semitic root קצר qṣr for “cutting” & “cutting off”. One multi-lingual derivation is Latin castro for a (cut-off) “palace”, which is also spelled קצר qṣr in Semitic dialects.
Latin caesurus for “cutting down”, cessero for “retiring”
In both Latin & Semitic, words using the word stems cease / qṣ, or R-suffixed caesura / qṣr, are related to “cutting”, “separating”, “stopping”.
Since Caesar retired with a world-famous fake assassination, his name may be in part a fake-death pun, with Latin forms like caesūrus for “about to cut down”, and with cessero, meaning something like “I will have retired” or “I will have vanished”.
Later royalty names, especially Castro, probably refer more to the palace in the meaning of aristocracy.
English, Latin cease = stop; caesura = cut, separation
cease : to stop; to stop doing (something); to be wanting; to fail; to pass away; From Middle English cesen, cessen, from Middle French cesser (“to cease”), from Latin cessō (“leave off”), frequentative of cēdō (“to leave off, go away”) — English (Wikt)
caesūra : a cutting, felling, hewing down; a pause in a verse, caesura — Latin (Wikt)
Caesar as Latin castra for “palace”
Latin, Semitic castra, qṣr = castle, palace
castrum : castle, fort, fortress; (chiefly plural) camp, especially a military camp — Latin (Wikt)
קצרא qṣrˀ : castle; Arabic qaṣr — Aramaic (CAL)
קצרה qṣrh : fort, castle; Latin castra (= fortified camp), (whence also Syriac קַסְטְרָא (= fortified place, fort, castle). Arabic qaṣr (= castle, palace) is borrowed from Hebrew קַצֽרָה Latin castrum originally meant ‘that which has been cut out’, from *kastrom (= a cutting tool), whence also Latin castrāre (= to cut, geld), which is probably cognate with Old Italian śásati, śásti (= cuts), śástram (= knife), Greek keazin (= to split). — Hebrew (Klein)
Gaius Julius Caesar from gwy-ˁlyw-qṣr for “supreme royalty”
Gaius Julius Caesar may also be a transcription of the Semitic phrase גוי עליו קצר gwy-ˁlyw-qṣr, which can mean “member of the royal palace”.
- Latin castra / Semitic qṣr means “palace” (see above).
- Semitic ˁl / ˁly / ˁlyw means “upon”, but also “above” & “supreme”, even “majestic”.
- Semitic gw means “body” & “commonality” (as in Goyim), but also “interior” & “member”.
More analysis of Roman aristocratic names is needed though.
Semitic gw = interior, inner, member
Semitic ˁl = above, upper, supreme, majesty
עילוי ˁylwy : above, on top of; standing over; about, regarding; next to, against; responsibility falling on — Aramaic (CAL)
עלי ˁly : supreme, highest, exalted; upper — Aramaic (CAL)
עליו ˁlyw : superiority; majesty; upper part — Aramaic (CAL)
עילויא ˁylwyˀ : rise, improved stage; valuation; the best thing — Hebrew (Jastrow)