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Ovid: Metamorphoses

🏷  Latin interlinear · text   —   by Gerry · Dec 2024 · 18399 words

The Metamorphoses by Ovid are officially a history of the world, and secretly a pun-encrypted history of organized deception: In the beginning, there was only truth, and the aristocracy ruled openly & brutally. Then they invented their total deception about everything — the titular metamorphoses!

Introduction

The epic Metamorphoses by Roman poet Ovidius Naso is a gargantuan Latin poem, collected into 15 books. It is supposed to tell the entirety of history, from the creation of the world to Julius Caesar. But all except the last 2 chapters are actually Greek myths, retold in Latin. The title Metamorphoses means “transformations”, which is also odd, because most of the myths are not about transformations at all.

Obviously, this is yet another pun-encrypted story. The word metamorphoses doesn’t even need encryption, because to the spook overlords, human history is just an endless chain of them morphing & transforming into ever new disguises, to conceal their ultra-corrupt rule from the subjects. The introduction of the story mirrors the Book of Genesis and Sumerian myths: In the beginning, there was only truth. The aristocracy already had power, but showed their true oppressive face, and used armed brutality to crush dissent. But then they invented systematic deception — the titular metamorphoses — to cover it all up! The rest is fake history, with the truth secretly told by Ovid’s Metamorphoses and other encrypted stories.

Ovid’s encryption style is somewhat interesting, as he writes in Latin about Greek gods & myths, and very often recycles Greek puns. But since the Roman elites were well-read in Greek, his readers would likely understand them all. (Other Latin works occasionally use Greek puns as well.)

How to read this

Metamorphoses

The distinguished people transformed everything.

Metamorphoses 1.1

Encrypted: Into newly produced characters were transformed, so I will tell, the appearances of persons. You distinguished people initiated it, because you transformed yourselves and others.

Official: Into newly produced souls were transformed, so I will tell, the forms of bodies. You gods initiated it, because you transformed yourselves and others.

Into
in: in, into
In
in: in, into
Into

newly
novus: new
nova
novus: new
newly

produced
fero: bear, carry, produce
fert
fero: bear, carry, produce
produced

characters
animus: character
animus
animus: soul, spirit, mind
souls

were transformed,
mutatio: mutation, change, exchange
mutatas
mutatio: mutation, change, exchange
were transformed,

[so I will] tell,
dico: speak, say
dicere
dico: speak, say
[so I will] tell,

the appearances
forma: appearance
formas
forma: form, figure
the forms

of persons.
corpus: person
corpora
corpus: body
of bodies.

[You] distinguished [people]
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
di
deus: god; divus: god
[You] gods

initiated [it],
coepio: begin, initiate
coeptis
coepio: begin, initiate
initiated [it],

because
nam: for, because
(nam
nam: for, because
because

you
tu: thou, you
vos
tu: thou, you
you

transformed [yourselves]
muto: mutate, modify, transform
mutastis
muto: mutate, modify, transform
transformed [yourselves]

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

others.
ille: that
illas)
ille: that
others.

Metamorphoses 1.1

Metamorphoses 1.3

Encrypted: So the breath of me, and first from the early origin of this decoration to my own time, continue to escort me through these times in my song.

Official: So the breath of me, and first from the origin of the world to my own time, continue to escort me through these times in my song.

[So] the breath
adspiro: aspire, breathe
adspirate
adspiro: aspire, breathe
[So] the breath

of me,
meus: my, mine
meis
meus: my, mine
of me,

and first
primus: first
primaque
primus: first
and first

from
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
from

the [early] origin
origo: origin
origine
origo: origin
the origin

of [this] decoration
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundi
mundus: world
of the world

to
ad: at, to, toward
ad
ad: at, to, toward
to

my [own time],
meus: my, mine
mea
meus: my, mine
my [own time],

continue
perpetuus: perpetual, everlasting
perpetuum
perpetuus: perpetual, everlasting
continue

to escort [me]
deduco: deduce, lead, escort
deducite
deduco: deduce, lead, escort
to escort [me]

[through these] times
tempus: time
tempora
tempus: time
[through these] times

[in my] song.
carmen: song, poem
carmen
carmen: song, poem
[in my] song.

Metamorphoses 1.3

In the beginning, before secrecy, there was only useless truth.

Metamorphoses 1.5

Encrypted: Before intentional estrangement and false views and that covering all secrecy existed, only one thing was there for all of a man’s character’s appearance in the world, which was named “truth”.

Official: Before the sea and the land and that covering all sky existed, only one thing was there for all of nature’s appearance in the world, which was named “chaos”.

Before
ante: before
Ante
ante: before
Before

[intentional] estrangement
mirus / mire: miraculous, strange, surprising
mare
mare: sea
the sea

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[false?] views [???]
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terras
terra / terris: earth, land
the land

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

that
qui / quod: who, that
quod
qui / quod: who, that
that

covering
tego: cover, hide, conceal
tegit
tego: cover, hide, conceal
covering

all
omnis: all, the whole of
omnia
omnis: all, the whole of
all

secrecy [existed],
callim: secretly; clam: secretly; celo / celem: conceal
caelum
caelum: sky, heaven
sky [existed],

[only] one [thing]
unus: one, single, together
unus
unus: one, single, together
[only] one [thing]

was [there]
sum / erat: be
erat
sum / erat: be
was [there]

[for] all
totus: total, all, entire
toto
totus: total, all, entire
[for] all

of [a man’s] character’s
natura: property, quality, character
naturae
natura: nature, world, substance
of nature’s

appearance
vultus: face, looks, appearance
vultus
vultus: face, looks, appearance
appearance

in
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
in

the world,
orbis: orb, circle, world
orbe
orbis: orb, circle, world
the world,

which
qui / quem: who, that
quem
qui / quem: who, that
which

was named
dico: name, call
dixere
dico: name, call
was named

“truth”.
χαιος chaios: genuine, true
chaos
χαος chaos: chaos
“chaos”.

Metamorphoses 1.5

Metamorphoses 1.7

Encrypted: It was a rude and disordered pile of mass, which was not anything except useless weight, incompetently brought together in the same place, not well joined, discordantly planted matter.

Official: It was a rude and disordered pile of mass, which was not anything except weight, incompetently brought together in the same place, not well joined, discordantly planted matter.

[It was] a rude
rudis: rude, rough, coarse
rudis
rudis: rude, rough, coarse
[It was] a rude

and disordered
indigestus: undigested, disordered, confused
indigestaque
indigestus: undigested, disordered, confused
and disordered

pile of mass,
moles: shapeless mass, pile
moles
moles: shapeless mass, pile
pile of mass,

[which was] not
nec: not
nec
nec: not
[which was] not

anything
quisquam: anyone
quicquam
quisquam: anyone
anything

except
nisi: if not, except
nisi
nisi: if not, except
except

[useless] weight,
pondus: weight
pondus
pondus: weight
weight,

incompetently
iners: inert, unskillful, incompetent
iners
iners: inert, unskillful, incompetent
incompetently

brought together
congero: bring together, collect
congestaque
congero: bring together, collect
brought together

[in] the same [place],
eodem: the same
eodem
eodem: the same
[in] the same [place],

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

well
bene: well
bene
bene: well
well

joined,
iungo / iunctus: join
iunctarum
iungo / iunctus: join
joined,

discordantly
discordia: discord, disagreement
discordia
discordia: discord, disagreement
discordantly

planted
semino: plant, sow
semina
semino: plant, sow
planted

matter.
res: thing, matter
rerum
res: thing, matter
matter.

Metamorphoses 1.7

Before fraud & pretense were invented, the oppressed were unstable & unmanageable.

Metamorphoses 1.10

Encrypted: Not yet any decoration was offered to be revealed to others as protection. Not yet as new came into being the invention of abusing the people’s reverence. Not yet was draped around and hung up for the masters all the trickery, by its influence balancing it all.

Official: Not yet the world was offered illumination by the Titanic sun. Not yet as new came into being the self renewing horn of Phoebe the moon. Not yet was draped around and hung up into the sky the globe by the weight balanced of it.

Not
nullus: none
nullus
nullus: none
Not

yet
adhuc: still, yet
adhuc
adhuc: still, yet
yet

[any] decoration
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundo
mundus: world
the world

was offered
praebeo: proffer, offer
praebebat
praebeo: proffer, offer
was offered

to be revealed [to others]
lumino: reveal
lumina
lumino: illuminate
illumination

[as] protection.
tuitio / tuitione: defense, guarding, protection
Titan
Titan: Titan
[by] the Titanic [sun].

Not
nec: not
nec
nec: not
Not

[yet as] new
novus: new
nova
novus: new
[yet as] new

came into being
cresco: come to be, rise
crescendo
cresco: come to be, rise
came into being

[the] invention
reperio: perceive, invent
reparabat
reparo: repair, renew, revive
[the self] renewing

of abusing
carino: abuse, revile, blame
cornua
cornu: horn
horn

[the people’s] reverence.
φοβεω phobeō: stand in awe of, reverence, venerate
Phoebe
Φοιβε Phoibe: Phoebe, goddess of the moon; φοιβος phoibos: bright
of Phoebe [the moon].

Not [yet]
nec: not
nec
nec: not
Not [yet]

was draped around
circumfusus: surrounded, draped around
circumfuso
circumfusus: surrounded, draped around
was draped around

[and] hung up
pendeo: hang, hang down
pendebat
pendeo: hang, hang down
[and] hung up

for
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

the masters
erus / ere: lord, master, owner
aere
aer / aere: air, sky
the sky

[all] the trickery,
dolus: trickery, deceit, fraud
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
the globe

[by its] influence
pondus: importance, influence, authority
ponderibus
pondus: weight, balance
[by] the weight

balancing
libro: balance, level
librata
libro: balance, level
balanced

it [all].
suus / suis: his, theirs
suis
suus / suis: his, theirs
of it.

Metamorphoses 1.10

Metamorphoses 1.13

Encrypted: Not her arms long unto the margins of the world had spread out this all-around protection. When only truth and direct force were there, and openness and authority.

Official: Not her arms long at the margins of the land had spread out Poseidon’s wife Amphitrite. When only air and earth were there, and sea and ether.

Not
nec: not
nec
nec: not
Not

[her] arms
brachium: arm
bracchia
brachium: arm
[her] arms

long
longus: long
longo
longus: long
long

[unto] the margins
margo: margin, edge
margine
margo: margin, edge
[at] the margins

of the world
terra / terram: earth, land, world
terrarum
terra / terram: earth, land, world
of the land

had spread out
porrigo: spread out, extend
porrexerat
porrigo: spread out, extend
had spread out

[this all-]around protection [?].
αμφι amphi: around; τηρεω / τηρειτε tēreō / tēreite: protect
Amphitrite
Αμφιτριτε Amphitrite: Amphitrite
[Poseidon’s wife] Amphitrite.

When
ut: where, when
utque
ut: where, when
When

[only?] truth
verum / vera: truth, fact, reality
aer
aer / aerum: air, sky
[only?] air

[and direct] force [??]
duellum / duellis: duel, war, military force
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
[and] earth

[were?] there,
illic: there
illic
illic: there
[were?] there,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

openness [??]
patens: open, exposed
pontus
pontus: sea
sea

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

authority.
auctor: authority
aether
aether: ether, upper air, sky
ether.

Metamorphoses 1.13

Metamorphoses 1.16

Encrypted: Thus was unstable the world, unmanageable the crowds, fraud still lacked the lords.

Official: Thus was unstable the earth, no one could swim in the waves, brightness still lacked the sky.

Thus
sic: thus
Sic
sic: thus
Thus

was
sum / erat: be
erat
sum / erat: be
was

unstable
instabilis: unstable, inconstant
instabilis
instabilis: unstable, inconstant
unstable

the world,
tellus: earth, globe, world
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
the earth,

unmanageable
inhabilis: difficult to handle, unmanageable
innabilis
innabilis: that cannot be swum in
no [one could] swim

the crowds,
unda: crowd, throng
unda
unda: wave
[in] the waves,

fraud
lacio: entice, ensnare, defraud
lucis
luceo: shine, bright, visible
brightness

[still] lacked
egeo: need, want, lack
egens
egeo: need, want, lack
[still] lacked

the lords.
erus / eri: lord, master, owner
aer
aer / aeri: air, sky
the sky.

Metamorphoses 1.16

Metamorphoses 1.17

Encrypted: Nothing had yet its form pretended, so in opposition was always the one class with the other, because the true self was always in one’s public form:

Official: Nothing had yet its form lasting, in opposition was always one with the other, because the bodies were all in one:

Nothing
nullus: none
nulli
nullus: none
Nothing

[had yet] its
suus / sua: his, theirs
sua
suus / sua: his, theirs
[had yet] its

form
forma: form, figure, appearance
forma
forma: form, figure, appearance
form

pretended,
mentior / mentiebatur: cheat, deceive, pretend, feign
manebat
maneo / manetor / manebatur: continue, endure, last
lasting,

[so in] opposition
obsto: oppose, stand before
obstabatque
obsto: oppose, stand before
[in] opposition

[was always] the one [class]
alius: one, other, another
aliis
alius: one, other, another
[was always] one

[with] the other,
alius: one, other, another
aliud
alius: one, other, another
[with] the other,

because
quia: because
quia
quia: because
because

the [true] self
corpus: self, individual, person
corpore
corpus: body
the bodies

[was always] in
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
[were all] in

one[’s public form]:
uno: one
uno
uno: one
one:

Metamorphoses 1.17

Metamorphoses 1.19

Encrypted: Cold hearted leadership methods were conflicting with warm hearted ones, likeable ones with firm ones, soft ones with harsh ones, those without using authority with those who had authority.

Official: Cold elements fought with warm ones, wet ones with dry ones, soft ones with hard ones, those without weight with those who had weight.

Cold [hearted leadership methods?]
frigidus: frigid, cold, cool
frigida
frigidus: frigid, cold, cool
Cold [elements]

were conflicting with
pugno: conflict, disagree, oppose, contradict
pugnabant
pugno: fight, combat, conflict
fought with

warm [hearted ones],
calidus: warm, hot
calidis
calidus: warm, hot
warm [ones],

likeable [ones??]
amo: love, like
umentia
umeo: moist, wet
wet [ones]

[with] firm [ones],
siccus: firm, solid
siccis
siccus: dry
[with] dry [ones],

soft [ones]
mollis: soft, gentle, mild, pleasant
mollia
mollis: soft, gentle, mild, pleasant
soft [ones]

with
cum: with
cum
cum: with
with

harsh [ones],
durus: durable, hard, harsh
duris
durus: durable, hard, harsh
hard [ones],

[those] without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
[those] without

[using?] authority
pondus: authority
pondere
pondus: weight
weight

[with those who] had
habeo: have, hold, possess
habentia
habeo: have, hold, possess
[with those who] had

authority.
pondus: authority
pondus
pondus: weight
weight.

Metamorphoses 1.19

So the nobles separarate the truth from what’s shown to the subjects.

Metamorphoses 1.21

Encrypted: Here, the distinguished ones and the ones of better standing overlaid nature to separate all these things: For instance, those at the summit from their outer view, and this view was separated for the crowds. And what was evident to the crowded masses was separated from the truth about those at the summit.

Official: Here, the god and the good struggling nature separated all these things: For instance, the sky from land, and the land he separated from the waves. And the liquids of the compact masses were separated from the air of the sky.

Here,
hic / hanc: this, here
Hanc
hic / hanc: this, here
Here,

the distinguished [ones]
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
deus
deus: god; divus: god
the god

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[the ones of] better standing
bonus / melior: better people, higher classes of society, gentleman
melior
bonus / melior: good
the good

overlaid
lino / litum: besmear, cover, overlay
litem
lis / litem: contention, strife, quarrel
struggling

nature
natura: nature
natura
natura: nature
nature

to separate [all these things]:
dirimo: divide, separate
diremit
dirimo: divide, separate
separated [all these things]:

For instance,
nam: for, for instance
Nam
nam: for, for instance
For instance,

[those at] the summit [?]
caelum: summit
caelo
caelum: sky, heaven
the sky

[from their outer?] view [?],
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terras
terra / terris: earth, land
[from] land,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[this] view
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terris
terra / terris: earth, land
the land

was separated
abscindo: divide, separate
abscidit
abscindo: divide, separate
[he] separated

[for?] the crowds.
unda: crowd, throng
undas
unda: wave
[from] the waves.

And
et: and
et
et: and
And

[what] was evident
liquidus: clear, evident, certain
liquidum
liquidus: liquid, smooth
the liquids

[to] the crowded [masses]
spissus: dense, crowded
spisso
spissus: thick, compact
of the compact [masses]

was separated
secerno / secrevi: separate
secrevit
secerno / secrevi: separate
were separated

from
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
from

the truth
verus / vere: true, real
aere
aer / aere: air, sky
the air

[about those at] the summit.
caelum: summit
caelum
caelum: sky, heaven
of the sky.

Metamorphoses 1.21

Metamorphoses 1.24

Encrypted: Which after they were unfolded into a deception and extricated from the heap, disjoined from one another into their places in harmonious peace they were bound.

Official: Which after they were unfolded from the confusion and extricated from the heap, disjoined from one another into their places in harmonious peace they were bound.

Which
qui / quae: who, that
Quae
qui / quae: who, that
Which

after
postquam: after
postquam
postquam: after
after

[they] were unfolded
evolvo: unroll, unfold, disclose
evolvit
evolvo: unroll, unfold, disclose
[they] were unfolded

[into?] a deception
caeco: obscure, hide, deceive; -que: and
caecoque
caeco: blind, confuse; -que: and
[from] the confusion

and extricated
eximo: extract, remove
exemit
eximo: extract, remove
and extricated

[from] the heap,
acervus: mass, pile, heap
acervo
acervus: mass, pile, heap
[from] the heap,

disjoined [from one another]
dissocio: disjoin, separate
dissociata
dissocio: disjoin, separate
disjoined [from one another]

[into] their places
locus: place, spot
locis
locus: place, spot
[into] their places

[in] harmonious
concordo: harmonize, in agreement
concordi
concordo: harmonize, in agreement
[in] harmonious

peace
pax: peace, agreement
pace
pax: peace, agreement
peace

[they] were bound.
ligo: tie, bind, bandage
ligavit
ligo: tie, bind, bandage
[they] were bound.

Metamorphoses 1.24

Society is separated into the ruling nobles, military for oppression, and commoners.

Metamorphoses 1.26

Encrypted: Of noble birth, oppressive, mighty and without burdens, those at the summit sprang forth to the highest place, for themselves fashioning it in this protection.

Official: Fiery, convex, mighty and yet without weight, the sky sprang forth to the highest place, for himself fashioning it in this citadel.

Of noble birth,
eugeneus: well-born, noble, generous
Ignea
igneus: fiery, burning
Fiery,

oppressive [??],
convexo: push against, press together
convexi
convexus: convex, concave, rounded
convex,

mighty
vis: power, force, might
vis
vis: power, force, might
mighty

and
et: and
et
et: and
and [yet?]

without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
without

burdens,
pondus: weight, burden, impediment
pondere
pondus: weight, burden, impediment
weight,

[those at] the summit
caelum: summit
caeli
caelum: sky, heaven
[the] sky

sprang forth
emico: leap out, spring forth
emicuit
emico: leap out, spring forth
sprang forth

[to] the highest
summa: summit, top
summaque
summa: summit, top
[to] the highest

place,
locus: place, spot
locum
locus: place, spot
place,

[for] themselves
sui / sibi: himself
sibi
sui / sibi: himself
[for] himself

fashioning
facio: make, fashion, produce
fecit
facio: make, fashion, produce
fashioning

[it] in
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
[it] in

[this] protection.
arx / arce: defense, protection
arce
arx / arce: castle, citadel, fortress
[this] citadel.

Metamorphoses 1.26

Metamorphoses 1.28

Encrypted: The next were the lower lords to be put to that smoothness and in place.

Official: The next was air to be put to that lightness and in place.

The next
proximus: next
proximus
proximus: next
The next

were
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
was

the [lower?] lords [??]
erus / ere: lord, master, owner
aer
aer / aere: air, sky
air

[to be put to] that
ille: that
illi
ille: that
[to be put to] that

smoothness
levitas: shallowness, smoothness
levitate
levitas: levity, lightness
lightness

and [in] place.
locus: place, spot
locoque
locus: place, spot
and [in] place.

Metamorphoses 1.28

Metamorphoses 1.29

Encrypted: Denser than these was the military, the elements of strength, dragging along and oppressing was it by the violence of itself.

Official: Denser than these was the earth, the elements great, dragged along and pressed was it by the weight of itself.

Denser
densus: dense, thick, solid
densior
densus: dense, thick, solid
Denser

[than] these
hic / his: this, here
his
hic / his: this, here
[than] these

[was] the military [???],
duellum / duellis: duel, war, military force
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
[was] the earth,

the elements
elementum: element, origin, first principle
elementaque
elementum: element, origin, first principle
the elements

of strength,
grandis: strong, powerful
grandia
grandis: great, large
great,

dragging along
traho: draw, drag
traxit
traho: draw, drag
dragged along

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

oppressing
premo / pressus: repress, oppress, overwhelm
pressa
premo / pressus: press, compress
pressed

was [it]
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
was [it]

[by] the violence
gravitas: oppressiveness, violence
gravitate
gravitas: gravity, weight
[by] the weight

of itself.
suus / sua: his, theirs
sua
suus / sua: his, theirs
of itself.

Metamorphoses 1.29

Metamorphoses 1.30

Encrypted: Crowding around it all, the commoners the last spot possessed, and completed the repressive circle.

Official: Flowing around it, the water the last spot possessed, and completed the enclosed globe.

Crowding around [it all],
circumfluo: crowd around, flock around
circumfluus
circumfluo: flow around
Flowing around [it],

the commoners
humus / humorum: ground, low, mean, common
umor
humor / humorum: humour, liquid, fluid
the water

the last [spot]
ultimus: ultimate, last, final
ultima
ultimus: ultimate, last, final
the last [spot]

possessed,
possideo: possess, hold
possedit
possideo: possess, hold
possessed,

[and] completed
solidus: solid, whole, complete
solidumque
solidus: solid, whole, complete
[and] completed

the repressive [?]
coerceo: repress, restrain, limit, control
coercuit
coerceo: enclose, confine
the enclosed

circle [?].
orbis: orb, circle, world
orbem
orbis: orb, circle, world
globe.

Metamorphoses 1.30

Metamorphoses 1.32

Encrypted: Thus when this was arranged, whoever were the ones of the distinguished ones who the masses divided, they would divide them into divisions to reduce their power.

Official: Thus when this was arranged, whoever were the ones of the gods who the heap divided, they would divide it into members by reduction.

Thus
sic: thus
Sic
sic: thus
Thus

when
ubi: where
ubi
ubi: where
when

[this] was arranged,
dispono: dispose, arrange
dispositam
dispono: dispose, arrange
[this] was arranged,

whoever
quisquis: whoever
quisquis
quisquis: whoever
whoever

were
sum / fuit: be
fuit
sum / fuit: be
were

the [ones]
ille: that
ille
ille: that
the [ones]

of the distinguished [ones]
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
deorum
deus: god; divus: god
of the gods

[who] the masses
congeries: mass; congero: crowd together
congeriem
congeries: heap, pile
[who] the heap

divided,
seco: cut, divide
secuit
seco: cut, divide
divided,

[they would] divide [them]
seco: cut, divide; -que: and
sectamque
seco: cut, divide; -que: and
[they would] divide [it]

into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

divisions
membrum: section, portion, division
membra
membrum: member, limb
members

to reduce [their power?].
redigo: drive back
redegit
redigo: reduce
[by] reduction.

Metamorphoses 1.32

Rulers divide territories into nations, then crush the subjects with military & secret agents.

Metamorphoses 1.34

Encrypted: In the beginning into regions lest not uniform from every part they might otherwise be, and for the greater pretext they would collect them into a national territory.

Official: In the beginning the earth, lest not equal of every part it might otherwise be, its great form they would collect into a globe.

[In] the beginning
principium: beginning
principio
principium: beginning
[In] the beginning

[into] regions [???]
terra / terris: country, region
terram
terra / terris: earth, land
the earth,

lest
ne: not
ne
ne: not
lest

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

uniform
aequalis: equal, similar, uniform
aequalis
aequalis: equal, similar, uniform
equal

from
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
of

every
omnis: all, every
omni
omnis: all, every
every

part
pars: part, piece
parte
pars: part, piece
part

[they might otherwise] be,
sum / foret: be
foret
sum / foret: be
[it might otherwise] be,

[and for] the greater
magnus: great, large
magni
magnus: great, large
[its] great

pretext
species: show, pretence, pretext
speciem
species: form, figure
form

[they would] collect [them]
glomero: amass, collect
glomeravit
glomero: amass, collect
[they would] collect

into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

a [national?] territory [??].
orbis: territory
orbis
orbis: orb, circle, world
a globe.

Metamorphoses 1.34

Metamorphoses 1.36

Encrypted: Then any strong individuals to scatter with rapid violence hunters were ordered, and to surround and enclose the unwashed masses of the whole country.

Official: Then the seas to diffuse with rapid swelling winds were ordered, and to have them surround and enclose the shores of the whole earth.

Then
tum: then, next
Tum
tum: then, next
Then

[any] strong [individuals]
fretum / fretis: raging, violence; fortis / fortium: strong, powerful
freta
fretum / fretis: sea
the seas

to scatter
diffundo: diffuse, scatter
diffudit
diffundo: diffuse, scatter
to diffuse

[with] rapid
rapidus: rapid, swift; -que: and
rapidisque
rapidus: rapid, swift; -que: and
[with] rapid

violence [???]
tumesco: puffed up with pride, excited, violent
tumescere
tumesco: swell
swelling

hunters
venatus: hunting, hunt
ventis
ventus: wind
winds

were ordered,
iubeo: order, appoint
iussit
iubeo: order, appoint
were ordered,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

to surround
ambio: encircle, surround
ambitae
ambio: encircle, surround
[to have them?] surround

[and] enclose
circumdo: envelop, surround, enclose
circumdare
circumdo: envelop, surround, enclose
[and] enclose

the unwashed [masses??]
illutus: unwashed
litora
litus: shore, coast
the shores

of the [whole] country.
terra / terris: country, region
terrae
terra / terris: earth, land
of the [whole] earth.

Metamorphoses 1.36

Metamorphoses 1.38

Encrypted: Inserted were also secret agents and investigators innumerable, and chosen men and attendants, covertly girded as various commoners, who in diverse places were partly absorbed by the populace itself.

Official: Added were also fountains, and standing pools immense, and lakes and rivers, obliquely girded with declining banks, that in diverse places were partly absorbed by the earth itself.

Inserted were
addo: add, insert
Addidit
addo: add, insert
Added were

also
et: and
et
et: and
also

secret [agents???]
furtum / furtis: secretly, by stealth
fontes
fons / fontis: fountain, spring
fountains,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

investigators [???]
vestigo / vestīgandum: investigate
stagna
stagnum / stagna: standing water, pool
standing [pools?]

innumerable,
immensus: innumerable
inmensa
immensus: immense, vast
immense,

and chosen [men??]
lectus: chosen, selected, picked men; -que: and
lacusque
lacus: lake, pond; -que: and
and lakes

and attendants,
famulus / famuli: servant, attendant
fluminaque
flumen / flumini: river; -que: and
and rivers,

covertly
obliquus: oblique, covert
obliquis
obliquus: oblique, covert
obliquely

girded
cingo: surround, enclose, gird on
cinxit
cingo: surround, enclose, gird on
girded

[as] various
declino: decline, vary, different
declivia
declivis: inclining downwards, sloping
[with] declining

commoners,
repo: creep, low, common, mean
ripis
ripa: bank, shore
banks,

who
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
that

in diverse
diversus: diverse, different
diversa
diversus: diverse, different
in diverse

places
locus: place, spot
locis
locus: place, spot
places

were partly
partim: partly
partim
partim: partly
were partly

absorbed
sorbeo: absorb
sorbentur
sorbeo: absorb
absorbed

by
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
by

[the populace] itself.
ipse: self
ipsa
ipse: self
[the earth] itself.

Metamorphoses 1.38

Metamorphoses 1.41

Encrypted: Into the common men they reach in their role as actors, and by this comparison are received as free equals, when as commoners and unwashed subjects they move about.

Official: Into the sea they come partly, and by this plain are allowed to flow as free water, instead of inside banks and shores to pulsate.

Into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
Into

the [common?] men
mas / maria: man, manly
mare
mare: sea
the sea

[they] reach
pervenio: come to, arrive, reach
perveniunt
pervenio: come to, arrive, reach
[they] come

[in their] role as actors,
pars: part in theater, role (of actor)
partim
pars: part, piece, portion
partly,

and [by this] comparison
compono: compare; -que: and
campoque
campus / campo: plain, field; -que: and
and [by this] plain

are received
recipio: receive, accept, admit, allow
recepta
recipio: receive, accept, admit, allow
are allowed

[as] free
liber: free, unchecked
liberioris
liber: free, unchecked
[to flow as?] free

equals,
aequo: equal, compare
aquae
aqua: water
water,

[when] as
pro: as, like
pro
pro: for, instead of
instead of

commoners
repo: creep, low, common, mean
ripis
ripa: bank, shore
[inside] banks

and unwashed [subjects]
illutus: unwashed
litora
litus: shore, coast
[and] shores

[they] move [about].
pulso: move, agitate, accuse
pulsant
pulso: pulsate
to pulsate.

Metamorphoses 1.41

Each ruler gets disguises, 2 official-looking and 2 unofficial ones.

Metamorphoses 1.43

Encrypted: They would command also to have smooth adornments, well established veils, to have false fronts cover the privileged people, and to have these elegant people be elevated over the masses.

Official: They would command also to have extended plains, sunken valleys, to have foliage cover the forests, and to have stony rising mountains.

[They would] command
iubeo: order, command
Iussit
iubeo: order, command
[They would] command

also
et: and, also
et
et: and, also
also

[to have] smooth
extendo: make smooth, smooth out
extendi
extendo: extend, stretch out
[to have] extended

adornments [??],
como / comptus: adorn, embellish
campos
campus: plain, field
plains,

[well] established
subsido: settle, establish
subsidere
subsido: subside, sink
sunken

veils,
velo / veles: veil, cover, conceal
valles
vallis / valles: valley
valleys,

[to have false] fronts
frons / frontis: face, front, look
fronde
frons / frondis: frond, foliage
[to have] foliage

cover
tego: cover, protect, hide
tegi
tego: cover, protect, hide
cover

the privileged [people],
solvo: absolve, exempt from laws, by privilege
silvas
silva: forest, wood
the forests,

[and to have these] elegant [people]
lepidus: fine, elegant
lapidosos
lapideus: stony
[and to have] stony

be elevated [over]
surgo: rise, raise, elevate
surgere
surgo: rise, raise, elevate
rising

the masses.
mons / montis: mass, great quantity
montes
mons / montis: mountain
mountains.

Metamorphoses 1.43

Metamorphoses 1.45

Encrypted: And as two proper roles for each at the summit and as many improper roles they divided into such protective belts.

Official: And as two parts on the right side of the sky and as many on the left parts he divided into such zones.

And as
utque: as much as, even, if only, when
Utque
utque: as much as, even, if only, when
And as

two
duo: two
duae
duo: two
two [parts]

proper [roles]
dexter: proper
dextra
dexter: right
on the right side

[for each at] the summit
caelum: summit
caelum
caelum: sky, heaven
of the sky

and as many
totidem: as many
totidemque
totidem: as many
and as many

improper
sinister: improper
sinistra
sinister: left
on the left

roles
pars: part in theater, role (of actor)
parte
pars: part, piece, portion
parts

[they] divided
seco: cut, divide
secant
seco: cut, divide
[he] divided

[into such protective] belts.
zona: belt, girdle
zonae
zona: zone
[into such] zones.

Metamorphoses 1.45

Brutality works better than kindness, and deception better than regular oppression.

Metamorphoses 1.46

Encrypted: The multitudes are more poor than that upper class, so the troubles of imprisoning that number of people were decorated away with the same care by the distinguished ones, as many misfortunes onto the world’s people they forced.

Official: The fifth is more fiery than that, so the earth’s load included by this number was divided with the same care by the gods, as many regions on the world were impressed.

The multitudes
quantitas: quantity, multitude
quinta
quintus: fifth
The fifth

are
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
is

[more] poor
ardus: poor
ardentior
ardeo: burn, on fire
[more] fiery

[than] that [upper class],
ille: that
illis
ille: that
[than] that,

so
sic: thus
sic
sic: thus
so

the troubles
onus: burden, trouble
onus
onus: weight, load
the [earth’s] load

of imprisoning
includo: imprison, restrain
inclusum
includo: include, enclose
included

[that] number [of people?]
numero: number, count
numero
numero: number, count
[by this] number

were decorated [away?]
distinguo: adorn, decorate
distinxit
distinguo: separate, divide, part
was divided

[with] the same
eodem: the same
eodem
eodem: the same
[with] the same

care
cura: care, concern, task
cura
cura: care, concern, task
care

[by] the distinguished [ones],
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
dei
deus: god; divus: god
[by] the gods,

as many
totidem: as many; -que: and
totidemque
totidem: as many; -que: and
as many

misfortunes
plaga: affliction, misfortune
plagae
plaga: region, zone
regions

[onto] the world’s [people]
tellus: earth, globe, world
tellure
tellus: earth, globe, world
[on] the world

[they] forced.
premo: repress, oppress, force
premuntur
premo: press, compress
were impressed.

Metamorphoses 1.46

Metamorphoses 1.49

Encrypted: Of which those misfortunes which public are, not are those manageable with tricks alone.

Official: Of which that region which in the middle is, not is it habitable from heat.

Of which
qui / quarum: who, what
Quarum
qui / quarum: who, what
Of which

those [misfortunes which]
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
that [region which]

public
medius: public, common
media
medius: middle
[in] the middle

are,
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
is,

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

are [those]
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
is [it]

manageable
habeo: hold, reason, manage
habitabilis
habitabilis: habitable
habitable

[with] tricks [alone].
astus: craft, guile, trick
aestu
aestus: heat, fire
[from] heat.

Metamorphoses 1.49

Metamorphoses 1.51

Encrypted: Punishments protect more profoundly than the other two, so just as many among each crowd were placed, and governing was produced by mixing with regular subduing all the veiling.

Official: Snow covers deeply the other two, so just as many between each extremes were placed, and tempered climate was produced by mixing with coldness their flame.

Punishments
noxa: hurt, harm, injury, punishment
nix
nix: snow
Snow

protect
tego: protect, defend, hide
tegit
tego: cover
covers

[more] profoundly
altus: profound
alta
altus: high, deep
deeply

[than the other] two,
duo: two
duas
duo: two
[the other] two,

[so just] as many
totidem: as many
totidem
totidem: as many
[so just] as many

among
inter: between, among
inter
inter: between, among
between

each [crowd?]
uter: each; -que: and
utrumque
uter: each; -que: and
each [extremes?]

were placed,
loco: put, place
locavit
loco: put, place
were placed,

and governing
tempero: rule, govern, manage; -que: and
temperiemque
tempero: temper, make mild; -que: and
and tempered [climate]

was produced
do: give, produce
dedit
do: give, produce
was produced

[by] mixing
misceo: confound, stir up
mixta
misceo: mix, mingle
[by] mixing

with
cum: with, because
cum
cum: with, because
with

[regular] subduing
frango / fregero: break, crush, dishearten, subdue
frigore
frigor / frigore: cold
coldness

[all] the veiling [??].
flammeum: flame colored (bridal) veil
flamma
flamma: flame, blaze
[their] flame.

Metamorphoses 1.51

Metamorphoses 1.52

Encrypted: Hanging over all these is general deception, which as much as it is more important by terror to exercise authority than by kindness, easier just as much is deception than regular oppression of the poor.

Official: Hanging over all these is the air, which as much as is heavier the earth’s weight than water, lighter just as much is air than the heaviness of fire.

Hanging over
immineo: overhang, imminent
Inminet
immineo: overhang, imminent
Hanging over

[all] these
hic / his: this, here
his
hic / his: this, here
[all] these

[is general] deception,
error: error, deception
aer
aer / aeri: air, sky
[is] the air,

which
qui: who, what
Qui
qui: who, what
which

as much
quanto: how much
quanto
quanto: how much
as much

[as it] is
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
[as] is

more important
pondus: importance, influence, authority
pondere
pondus: weight
heavier

[by] terror
terror: terror, dread, fear
terrae
terra: earth
the earth’s

[to exercise] authority
pondus: importance, influence, authority
pondere
pondus: weight
weight

[than by] kindness,
aequus: just, kind, fair
aquae
aqua: water
[than] water,

easier
levis: smooth, easy
levior
levis: light, plain
lighter

[just] as much
tantum: so much
tanto
tantum: so much
[just] as much

is [deception than]
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
is [air than]

[regular] oppression
onerosus: onerous, oppressive
onerosior
onerosus: heavy
the heaviness

of the poor.
egens: needy, poor
igni
ignis: fire
of fire.

Metamorphoses 1.52

For official nobility, a flashy appearance impresses the subjects.

Metamorphoses 1.54

Encrypted: There was also official nobility, being there to be made respected by the multitudes it would be designated, and for common mortals to move with thunderous pomp their minds, and with flashy appearances to produce excitement to come up.

Official: There were also mists, being there to stop the clouds he would command them, and for the humans to move with thunder their minds, and with flashes to produce lightning to come up.

There [was]
illic: there
Illic
illic: there
There [were]

also
et: and
et
et: and
also

[official] nobility,
nobilis: noble, aristocratic
nebulas
nebula / nebulas: mist, vapor, fog, smoke, exhalation
mists,

[being] there
illic: there
illic
illic: there
[being] there

to be made respected
conesto: honor, pay respect to, make respectable
consistere
consisto: stop, halt, cease
to stop

[by] the multitudes
nubes: swarm, multitude
nubes
nubes: cloud, mist
the clouds

[it would] be designated,
iubeo: designate, appoint, assign
iussit
iubeo: order, command
[he would] command [them],

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[for common] mortals
humanus: human, mortal
humanas
humanus: human, mortal
[for] the humans

to move
moveo / moturus: disturb, agitate
motura
moveo / moturus: set in motion
to move

with thunderous [pomp]
tono / tonitus: speak thunderous tones
tonitrua
tonitrus: thunder; tono / tonitus: thunder
[with] thunder

[their] minds,
mens: mind, reason
mentes
mens: mind, reason
[their] minds,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

with
cum: with, because
cum
cum: with, because
with

flashy [appearances]
fulmen: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
fulminibus
fulmen: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
flashes

to produce
facio: make, fashion, produce
facientes
facio: make, fashion, produce
to produce

excitement
flagro: inflamed, excited
fulgura
fulgur: lightning
lightning

to come up.
venio: come
ventos
venio: come
to come up.

Metamorphoses 1.54

Metamorphoses 1.57

Encrypted: With these techniques also not everywhere did the decoration’s creators have them for the masters permitted:

Official: With these winds also not everywhere did the world’s creator have them in the air permitted:

[With] these [techniques??]
hic / his: this, here
His
hic / his: this, here
[With] these [winds??]

also
quoque: also, too
quoque
quoque: also, too
also

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

everywhere
passim: everywhere
passim
passim: everywhere
everywhere

[did] the decoration’s
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundi
mundus: world
[did] the world’s

creators
fabricator: forger, artificer
fabricator
fabricator: maker
creator

have [them?]
habeo: have, hold, manage
habendum
habeo: have, hold, manage
have [them?]

[for?] the masters
erus / ere: lord, master, owner
aera
aer / aere: air, sky
[in?] the air

permitted:
permitto: permit, allow
permisit
permitto: permit, allow
permitted:

Metamorphoses 1.57

Metamorphoses 1.58

Encrypted: Hardly even now can anyone withstand those techniques, because of them each one must rule a different kind of subject to be handled, so that not they tear apart the decoration. So great is the discord of these brothers.

Official: Hardly even now can anyone withstand those winds, because of them each one must rule in a different breeze pulling the air, so that not they tear apart the world. So great is the discord of these brothers.

Hardly
vix: hardly, barely
vix
vix: hardly, barely
Hardly

[even] now
nunc: now, at present
nunc
nunc: now, at present
[even] now

[can anyone] withstand
obsisto: oppose, resist, withstand
obsistitur
obsisto: oppose, resist, withstand
[can anyone] withstand

those [techniques?],
ille: that
illis
ille: that
those [winds?],

because
cum: with, because
cum
cum: with, because
because

of them
suus / sua: his, theirs
sua
suus / sua: his, theirs
of them

each one
quisque: each one, anyone
quisque
quisque: each one, anyone
each one

[must] rule
rego: rule, guide, manage
regant
rego: rule, guide, manage
[must] rule

a different
diverso: diverse, different
diverso
diverso: diverse, different
[in] a different

[kind of] subject
famulus / famulum: servant, slave, subject
flamina
flamen / flaminem: wind, breeze
breeze

to be handled,
tracto: handle, manage
tractu
tracto: draw, haul, pull
pulling [the air?],

[so] that not
quin: without, that not
quin
quin: without, that not
[so] that not

[they] tear apart
lanio: tear, pull to pieces
lanient
lanio: tear, pull to pieces
[they] tear apart

the decoration.
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundum
mundus: world
the world.

So great
tantum: so much
tanta
tantum: so much
So great

is
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
is

the discord
discordia: discord, dissension
discordia
discordia: discord, dissension
the discord

of [these] brothers.
frater: brother
fratrum
frater: brother
of [these] brothers.

Metamorphoses 1.58

Violence rules the stubborn, oppression the weak, nonsense the wise, hoaxing the opposition.

Metamorphoses 1.61

Encrypted: The most violent way to only the lowest citizens and the fighting multitudes to rule only them it was retired, and the lower subjects and the rude ones that to the yoke have to be subjected by scaring them.

Official: The southeast wind to Aurora and Nabatea to rule only them he was retired, and Persis and the rays that the mountain summits are subjected to in the early morning.

The [most] violent [way]
ira / iras: ire, violence, wrath
Eurus
eurus: southeast wind
The southeast wind

to [only]
ad: at, to, toward
ad
ad: at, to, toward
to

the lowest citizens
aerarius: lowest class citizen
Auroram
Aurora: Aurora, East, dawn
Aurora

and the fighting multitudes [??]
nubes / nube: multitude; battuo: fight
Nabataeaque
Nabatea: Nabatea; -que: and
and Nabatea

to rule [only them]
regno: reign, rule
regna
regno: reign, rule
to rule [only them]

[it] was retired,
recedo: recede, retire, withdraw
recessit
recedo: recede, retire, withdraw
[he] was retired,

and the lower [subjects]
premo / pressis: oppress, humble, lower
Persidaque
Persis: Persis; -que: and
and Persis

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

the rude [ones]
raudus: rough piece, rude mass; rudis: rude
radiis
radius: ray
the rays

[that to?] the yoke
iugum: yoke
iuga
iugum: summit
[that the mountain?] summits [??]

[have to?] be subjected
subditus: subjected, subdued
subdita
subditus: subjected, subdued
are subjected to

[by?] scaring [them?].
metuens / metuentis: frightened, afraid, scared
matutinis
matutinus / matutinis: early, of the morning
[in] the early morning.

Metamorphoses 1.61

Metamorphoses 1.63

Encrypted: Those coarse subjects and of the weak those more or less happy ones that when left alone are tepid, the nearest way is regular subduing.

Official: The evening star and of the west those shores that by the sun are warmed, the nearest are to the west wind.

[Those] coarse [subjects]
asper: rough, coarse, harsh
vesper
vesper: evening, west
The evening star

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

of the weak
accido: weaken, overthrow
occiduo
occiduus: setting, westerly
of the west

those
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
those

[more or less?] happy [ones]
laetus: happy, glad
litora
litus: shore, coast
shores

[that when left??] alone [??]
solus / sole: sole, alone
sole
sol / sole: sun
[that by] the sun

are tepid,
tepesco: become tepid, cool off
tepescunt
tepesco: grow warm
are warmed,

the nearest [way]
proximus: nearest, next
proxima
proximus: nearest, next
the nearest

is
sum / sunt: be
sunt
sum / sunt: be
are

[regular] subduing.
supero / superas: superior, subdue
Zephyro
zephyrus: west wind, zephyr
to the west wind.

Metamorphoses 1.63

Metamorphoses 1.64

Encrypted: The knowledgeable and the wise ones are horribly possessed by intellectual nonsense.

Official: Scythia and the north chilling were invaded by the north wind.

The knowledgeable
scitus / scitam: knowing; scio / scitum: knowing, wisely
Scythiam
Scythia / Scythiam: Scythia
Scythia

and the wise [ones]
sapientia: wisdom, reason; -que: and; tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
septemque triones
septentrio: north; septem: seven; -que: and; tres: three
and the north

[are] horribly
horrifer: horrible, horrific, chilling
horrifer
horrifer: horrible, horrific, chilling
chilling

possessed
invado: attack, seize, take possession
invasit
invado: invade, enter
were invaded

[by intellectual?] nonsense [?].
burra / burras: trifles, nonsense; baburrus: foolish, silly
Boreas
boreus: northern, north wind
[by] the north wind.

Metamorphoses 1.64

Metamorphoses 1.65

Encrypted: And opposition on the ground by the multitudes must be regularly and through disguises restrained by play-enacting.

Official: And the opposite land is made clouded constantly and rainy wet by the south wind.

[And] opposition
contrarius: contrary, opposite
contraria
contrarius: contrary, opposite
[And] the opposite

[on] the ground
tellus: ground
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
land

[by?] the multitudes
nubes: swarm, multitude
nubibus
nubes: cloud, mist
[is made?] clouded

[must be] regularly
assiduus: regular, constant
adsiduis
assiduus: regular, constant
constantly

and [through] disguises
pallio / palliavi: palliate, cloak, disguise; -que: and
pluviaque
pluvia: rain, shower; -que: and
and rainy

restrained
modicus: moderate, restrained
madescit
madesco: become wet
wet

by
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
by

play-enacting.
histrio: actor, stage-player
Austro
auster / austro: south, south wind
the south wind.

Metamorphoses 1.65

Metamorphoses 1.67

Encrypted: Here over all these were imposed the smooth and and official importance lacking secret societies, not any worldly dregs they had.

Official: Here over all these were imposed the liquid and and weight lacking ether, not any earthly dregs it had.

Here
hic / haec: this, here
Haec
hic / haec: this, here
Here

over [all these]
super: over, above
super
super: over, above
over [all these]

were imposed
inpono: impose, put upon, establish
inposuit
inpono: impose, put upon, establish
were imposed

the smooth
liquidus: clear, smooth
liquidum
liquidus: liquid, fluid
the liquid

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

and [official] importance
gravitas: importances, oppressiveness
gravitate
gravitas: gravity, weight
and weight

lacking
carentia: lack, shortage
carentem
carentia: lack, shortage
lacking

secret societies [???],
hetairia: secret society; ἑταιρεια hetaireia: brotherhood
aethera
aether: ether, upper air, sky
ether,

not
nec: not
nec
nec: not
not

any
quisquam: anyone
quicquam
quisquam: anyone
any

worldly
terrenus: terrestrial, earthly
terrenae
terrenus: terrestrial, earthly
earthly

dregs
faex: dregs, grounds
faecis
faex: dregs, grounds
dregs

[they] had.
habeo: have, hold, manage
habentem
habeo: have, hold, manage
[it] had.

Metamorphoses 1.67

To prevent attacks, rulers are play-enacted by body doubles.

Metamorphoses 1.69

Encrypted: With difficulty thus into their limits had been separated all these elements and settled, when still those that were oppressed all day as the masses and were deceived under them, the slaves, began as a whole to grow violent to those at the summit.

Official: Barely thus into their limits had been separated all these elements and settled, when those that were suppressed by day as a mass and were hidden under it, the stars, began as a whole to boil up into the sky.

With difficulty
vix: with difficulty
Vix
vix: hardly, barely
Barely

thus
ita: so, thus
ita
ita: so, thus
thus

[into their?] limits
limes: limit, border
limitibus
limes: limit, border
[into their?] limits

had been separated
dissaepio: separate, divide
dissaepserat
dissaepio: separate, divide
had been separated

all [these elements]
omnis: all, every
omnia
omnis: all, every
all [these elements]

[and] settled,
certus: certain, fixed, settled
certis
certus: certain, fixed, settled
[and] settled,

when [still]
cum: with, when
cum
cum: with, when
when

those
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
those

[that] were oppressed
premo / pressus: cover, conceal
pressa
premo / pressus: press, oppress, suppress
[that] were suppressed

all day
diu: by day, all day
diu
diu: by day, all day
by day

[as] the masses
massa: mass, bulk
massa
massa: mass, bulk
[as] a mass

[and] were deceived
ludo / ludere: mock, deceive, trick
latuere
lateo / latuere: lurk, hide, conceal
[and] were hidden

under
sub: under, beneath
sub
sub: under, beneath
under

them,
ille: that
illa
ille: that
it,

the slaves,
servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
sidera
sidus: star, constellation
the stars,

began
coepio: begin, commence, initiate
coeperunt
coepio: begin, commence, initiate
began

[as] a whole
totus: all
toto
totus: all
[as] a whole

to grow violent
effervesco: become excited, grow violent, rage
effervescere
effervesco: effervesce, boil up, seethe
to boil up

[to those at] the summit.
caelum: summit
caelo
caelum: sky, heaven
[into] the sky.

Metamorphoses 1.69

Metamorphoses 1.72

Encrypted: So lest a ruler might be anyhow of his life deprived, playing actors were made to hold the preeminent public floor and the appearance of distinguished persons. Conceding to be exposed in this appearance were only a selected few to the crowds.

Official: Lest a region might be anyhow of its animals deprived, the stars were made to hold the celestial floor and the forms of the gods. Withdrawn to be shining inhabited by fishes were the waves.

[So] lest
neve / neu: and that not, and lest
Neu
neve / neu: and that not, and lest
Lest

a ruler
rego: rule, guide, manage
regio
regio: region, area
a region

[might] be
sum / foret: be
foret
sum / foret: be
[might] be

any[how]
ullus: any
ulla
ullus: any
any[how]

of his
suus / suis: his, theirs
suis
suus / suis: his, theirs
of its

life
animalis: animate, living, live
animalibus
animal: animal, living being
animals

deprived,
orbo: deprive, strip, rob
orba
orbo: deprive, strip, rob
deprived,

playing actors [?]
histrio: actor, player
astra
astrum: star, constellation
the stars

[were made] to hold
teneo: hold, keep, have
tenent
teneo: hold, keep, have
[were made] to hold

the preeminent [public]
caelestis: preeminent
caeleste
caelestis: celestial, heavenly
the celestial

floor
solum: bottom, ground, floor
solum
solum: bottom, ground, floor
floor

and the appearance
forma: manner, appearance
formaeque
forma: form, figure, shape
and the forms

of distinguished [persons].
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
deorum
deus: god; divus: god
of the gods.

Conceding
cedo: concede, withdraw, retire
cesserunt
cedo: concede, withdraw, retire
Withdrawn

to be exposed
nuditas: nudity, exposure
nitidis
nitidus: shining, glittering, bright
to be shining

[in] this appearance
habitus: habit, expression, appearance
habitandae
habito: inhabit, dwell
inhabited

[were only] a selected few
paucus: just a few, select few
piscibus
piscis: fish
[by] fishes

[to] the crowds.
unda: crowd, throng
undae
unda: wave
[were] the waves.

Metamorphoses 1.72

Metamorphoses 1.75

Encrypted: This view the human beasts deceived, and the common people were easily moved by this deception.

Official: The earth the beasts received, and birds the easily moved air.

[This] view
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terra
terra / terris: earth, land
The earth

the [human] beasts
fera: wild beast
feras
fera: wild beast
the beasts

deceived,
captio: deception, trick, fraud
cepit
capio: captivate, seize, grasp
received,

[and] the common people
vulgaris: vulgar, common people
volucres
volucris: bird
[and] birds

were easily moved
agitabilis: easily moved
agitabilis
agitabilis: easily moved
the easily moved

[by this] deception.
error: error, deception
aer
aer / aere: air, sky
air.

Metamorphoses 1.75

Nobles invent religious dissembling, to deify themseves and mask the suffering they cause.

Metamorphoses 1.76

Encrypted: Though sometimes more sacred than this a spirit, and one in its mind good and morally noble was missing still, and one that to have domination over the crowds would be able. The birth of spiritual dissembling this was.

Official: More sacred than these an animal, and one in its mind capable and tall was missing still, and one that to have domination over all the others would be able. The birth of man this was.

[Though sometimes more] sacred
sanctus: sacred, holy
Sanctius
sanctus: sacred, holy
[More] sacred

[than] this
hic / his: this, here
his
hic / his: this, here
[than] these

a spirit,
anima: soul, spirit; animus: mind, character
animal
animal: animal, living being
an animal,

and [one in its] mind
mens: plan, intention; -que: and
mentisque
mens: mind, reason, intellect; -que: and
and [one in its] mind

good
capax: good
capacius
capax: capable, fit, competent
capable

and [morally] noble
altus: noble, august
altae
altus: high, tall
[and] tall

was missing
desum: absent, missing
deerat
desum: absent, missing
was missing

still,
adhuc: still, yet
adhuc
adhuc: still, yet
still,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[one] that
qui / quod: who, that
quod
qui / quod: who, that
[one] that

to have domination
domino: dominate, rule
dominari
domino: dominate, rule
to have domination

over
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
over

the crowds
caterva / catervas: swarm, crowd
cetera
ceterus / cetera: other
[all] the others

[would] be able.
possum: can, able
posset
possum: can, able
[would] be able.

The birth
natus: birth
Natus
natus: birth
The birth

of spiritual dissembling [???]
ὁμοιος homoios: resembling; homoiousius: resembling; neuma: spirit
homo
homo / hominum: human being, man
of man

[this] was.
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
[this] was.

Metamorphoses 1.76

Metamorphoses 1.78

Encrypted: Whether it was used to have a new divinity brought forth, produced by those fabricators of all things, in any case of a decoration better it was the origin, or whether this new trickery was used to lead astray anew out of an elevated skin, and to have similarity retained to a previously produced divinity.

Official: Whether he was of divine seed, made by that fabricator of all things, in any case of a world better he was the origin, or whether the new earth was led away recently from the high ether, and of that relation retained a seed of the sky.

Whether
sive: whether, or
sive
sive: whether, or
Whether

it
hic / hunc: this, here
hunc
hic / hunc: this, here
he

[was used to have a new??] divinity
divino: divine
divino
divino: divine
[was] of divine

brought forth,
semino: propagate, produce, bring forth
semine
semen: semen, seed
seed,

produced
facio: make, fashion, produce
fecit
facio: make, fashion, produce
made

[by] those
ille: that
ille
ille: that
[by] that

fabricators
opifex: maker, fabricator
opifex
opifex: maker, fabricator
fabricator

of [all] things,
res: thing, matter
rerum
res: thing, matter
of [all] things,

[in any case] of a decoration
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundi
mundus: world
[in any case] of a world

better
bonus: good
melioris
bonus: good
better

[it was] the origin,
origo: origin, source
origo
origo: origin, source
[he was] the origin,

or whether
sive: whether, or
sive
sive: whether, or
or whether

[this] new
recens: recent, newly
recens
recens: recent, newly
the new

trickery
dolus: trickery, deceit, fraud
tellus
tellus: earth, globe, world
earth

[was used to] lead astray
seduco: seduce, lead astray; -que: and
seductaque
seduco: lead away; -que: and
was led away

anew [???]
nuper: newly, lately, recently
nuper
nuper: newly, lately, recently
recently

out of
ab: from, out of
ab
ab: from, out of
from

an elevated
altus: noble, elevated
alto
altus: high, tall
the high

skin,
uter: skin
aethere
aether: ether, upper air, sky
ether,

[and to have?] similarity
cognatus: similar, related
cognati
cognatus: similar, related
[and of that] relation

retained
retineo: retain, maintain, keep
retinebat
retineo: retain, maintain, keep
retained

[to a previously??] produced
semino: propagate, produce, bring forth
semina
semen: semen, seed
a seed

divinity.
caeles: divinity
caeli
caelum: sky, heaven
of the sky.

Metamorphoses 1.78

Metamorphoses 1.82

Encrypted: Which then by contriving a deification confuses the little people’s crowds, by fashioning it into a likeness of those controlling everything, the distinguished ones.

Official: Which then one from the lineage of Iapetus mixed with rainy waves, to fashion it into a likeness of those controlling everything, the gods.

Which [then]
quam: what, how, than
quam
quam: what, how, than
Which [then]

[by?] contriving
sero / satus: compose, contrive, plant
satus
satus: race, lineage
[one from] the lineage

a deification [??]
αποθεωσις apotheōsis: deification
Iapeto
Ιαπετος Iapetos: Iapetus
of Iapetus

confuses
misceo: confound, throw into confusion
mixtam
misceo: mix, mingle
mixed

the little [people’s]
paululus: little, small
pluvialibus
pluvialis: rainy
[with] rainy

crowds,
unda: crowd, throng
undis
unda: wave
waves,

[by?] fashioning [it]
facio: make, fashion, produce
finxit
facio: make, fashion, produce
to fashion [it]

into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

a likeness
effigies: effigy, likeness, imitation
effigiem
effigies: effigy, likeness, imitation
a likeness

of [those] controlling
modero: check, control
moderantum
modero: check, control
of [those] controlling

everything,
cunctus: whole, all, entire
cuncta
cunctus: whole, all, entire
everything,

the distinguished [ones].
deus: highly distinguished; dives: rich man
deorum
deus: god; divus: god
the gods.

Metamorphoses 1.82

Metamorphoses 1.84

Encrypted: As men are prone to that they are seeing living spirits in other things on the earth, the face of a man just more exalted the distinguished presented, and as a divinity to be seen they appointed it, and to be constructed, and towards the slaves to be set up as an appearance.

Official: Stooping forward with limited sight were the animals the others of the earth, a face to man a lofty one the creator gave, and at the sky to look he commanded him, and to rise up, and to the stars to raise his face.

[As men are] prone to
pronus: prone, inclined, disposed
Pronaque
pronus: stooping; -que: and
Stooping [forward]

that [they are]
cum: whereas, in that
cum
cum: with, because
with

seeing
specto: see, watch, observe
spectent
specto: see, watch, observe
[limited] sight

living spirits
anima: soul, spirit; animus: mind, character
animalia
animal: animal, living being
[were] the animals

[in] other [things]
ceterus: other, others
cetera
ceterus: other, others
the others

[on] the earth,
terra / terris: earth, land
terram
terra / terris: earth, land
of the earth,

the face
os: mouth, face, expression
os
os: mouth, face, expression
a face

of a man
homo: human being, man, person
homini
homo: human being, man, person
to man

[just more] exalted
sublimus: high, eminent, exalted
sublime
sublimus: high, eminent, exalted
a lofty [one]

[the distinguished] presented,
do: give, present
dedit
do: give, present
[the creator] gave,

and [as??] a divinity
caeles: divinity; -que: and
caelumque
caelum: sky, heaven; -que: and
and [at] the sky

to be seen
video: be seen, appear
videre
video: see, look at
to look

[they] appointed [it],
iubeo: appoint, assign
iussit
iubeo: order, command
[he] commanded [him],

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

to be constructed,
erigo: build, construct
erectos
erigo: raise up, rise
to rise up,

[and] towards
ad: at, to, toward
ad
ad: at, to, toward
[and] to

the slaves
servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
sidera
sidus: star, constellation
the stars

to be set up
tollo: set up, accept, excite
tollere
tollo: lift, raise, elevate, exalt
to raise

[as] an appearance.
vultus: face, expression, appearance
vultus
vultus: face, expression, appearance
[his] face.

Metamorphoses 1.84

Metamorphoses 1.87

Encrypted: Thus, it was used so only that which was rude and without pleasing appearance, namely the suffering, was dressed in the formerly unknown of spiritual dissembling, and was changed in its shape.

Official: Thus, only that which was rude and without shape, namely the earth, was dressed in the formerly unknown humans, and was changed by his shape.

Thus,
sic: thus
Sic
sic: thus
Thus,

[it was used so] only
modo: only, merely
modo
modo: only, merely
only

that which
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
that which

was
sum / fuerat: be
fuerat
sum / fuerat: be
was

rude
rudis: rude, rough, coarse
rudis
rudis: rude, rough, coarse
rude

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
without

[pleasing???] appearance [???],
imago: image, likeness, appearance
imagine
imago: image, likeness, appearance
shape,

[namely] the suffering [?],
doleo / dolueris: hurt, suffer pain, grieve, afflicted
tellus
tellus / tellures: earth, globe, world
[namely] the earth,

was dressed in
induo: put on, cover, dress oneself in
induit
induo: put on, cover, dress oneself in
was dressed in

the [formerly] unknown
ignotus: unknown, strange
ignotas
ignotus: unknown, strange
the [formerly] unknown

of spiritual dissembling [???],
ὁμοιος homoios: resembling; homoiousius: resembling; neuma: spirit
hominum
homo / hominum: human being, man
humans,

[and] was changed
converto: convert, change, alter, transform
conversa
converto: convert, change, alter, transform
[and] was changed

[in its] shape.
figura: shape, form, figure
figuras
figura: shape, form, figure
[by his] shape.

Metamorphoses 1.87

With that, nobles can do what they want, the subjects serve willingly.

Metamorphoses 1.89

Encrypted: The golden epoch of the noble lineages was this age of early religion, when they needed special protection not, but could do as they willed by their own, and could without having law, faith or rectitude be worshiped.

Official: The golden epoch of the first seed was this age of early man, which needed a protector not, but was willed by its own, and was without having law, faith or rectitude cultivated.

The golden [epoch]
aureus: golden
Aurea
aureus: golden
The golden [epoch]

of the noble
primus: noble, nobles
prima
primus: first
of the first

lineages
satus: race, stock, lineage
sata
satus: sowing, planting
seed

was
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
was

[this] age [of early religion?],
aetas: age
aetas
aetas: age
[this] age [of early man],

when [they needed]
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
which [needed]

[special] protection
vindex: defender, protector
vindice
vindex: defender, protector
a protector

not,
nullus: not any, none, no
nullo
nullus: not any, none, no
not,

[but could do as they] willed
spons: free will
sponte
spons: free will
[but was] willed

by their own,
suus / sua: hers, theirs
sua
suus / sua: hers, theirs
by its own,

[and could] without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
[and was] without

[having] law,
lex: law, principle
lege
lex: law, principle
[having] law,

faith
fides: trust, faith, confidence
fidem
fides: trust, faith, confidence
faith

or rectitude
rectum: rectitude, virtue
rectumque
rectum: rectitude, virtue
or rectitude

be worshiped.
colo: adorn, embellish, worship
colebat
colo: cultivate
cultivated.

Metamorphoses 1.89

Metamorphoses 1.91

Encrypted: Punishment by and fear of the common people were absent. No scoundrels threatening had to be fixed with brass chains to bind them. Nor did the submissive multitudes defy of their noble judges the speech of them.

Official: Punishment and fear of other people were absent. No words threatening had to be fixed on brass plates to be read. Nor did the humble multitudes fear of their judge the speech of him.

Punishment [by]
poena: punishment, penalty
Poena
poena: punishment, penalty
Punishment

and fear [of the common people]
metus: fear, dread
metusque
metus: fear, dread
and fear [of other people]

were absent.
absum: absent
aberant
absum: absent
were absent.

No
nec: not
nec
nec: not
No

scoundrels [???]
verbero: scoundrel, rascal
verba
verbum: word
words

threatening
minans: threatening, menacing
minantia
minans: threatening, menacing
threatening

[had to] be fixed
figo: fix, fasten
fixo
figo: fix, fasten
[had to] be fixed

[with] brass [chains]
aes / aere: copper, brass, bronze
aere
aes / aere: copper, brass, bronze
[on] brass [plates]

to bind [them??].
ligo / ligabantur: bind, tie
legebantur
lego / legebantur: read, collect
to be read.

Nor [did]
nec: not
nec
nec: not
Nor [did]

the submissive
supplex: suppliant, submissive, humble
supplex
supplex: suppliant, submissive, humble
the humble

multitudes
turba: crowd, multitude
turba
turba: crowd, multitude
multitudes

defy
temno / temnebat: defy, despise
timebat
timeo / timebat: fear, afraid
fear

of their [noble] judges
iudex: judge, decider
iudicis
iudex: judge, decider
of their judge

the speech
os / ora: mouth, speech
ora
os / ora: mouth, speech
the speech

of them.
sui: himself
sui
sui: himself
of him.

Metamorphoses 1.91

Metamorphoses 1.93

Encrypted: Instead, the nobles were without a protector safe. Not yet were cut off from their family estates, that they may be looked at by the world, from high office into being commoners, the nobles, and had to descend into the crowds in disguise.

Official: Instead, the people were without a protector safe. Not yet were cut from their foreign lands, that they may visit the world, from mountains into liquids, the pine trees, to descend into the waves as ships.

Instead,
sed: but, but also
sed
sed: but, but also
Instead,

[the nobles] were
sum / erant: be
erant
sum / erant: be
[the people] were

without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
without

a protector
vindex: defender, protector
vindice
vindex: defender, protector
a protector

safe.
tutus: safe, secure, protected
tuti
tutus: safe, secure, protected
safe.

Not yet
nondum: not yet
Nondum
nondum: not yet
Not yet

were cut [off??]
caedo: cut, hew
caesa
caedo: cut, hew
were cut

[from] their
suus / suis: his, theirs
suis
suus / suis: his, theirs
[from] their

family [estates???],
progenies: progeny, race, family
peregrinum
peregrinus: foreign, exotic, alien
foreign [lands?],

that
ut: where, that
ut
ut: where, that
that

[they may] be looked at
viso: visit, look at
viseret
viso: visit, look at
[they may] visit

[by] the world,
orbis: orb, circle, world
orbem
orbis: orb, circle, world
the world,

[from high] office
moenus: service, duty, office
montibus
mons: mountain
[from] mountains

into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

[being] commoners,
laicus: lay, common
liquidas
liquidus: liquid, fluid, flowing
liquids,

the nobles,
bonus: good, noble
pinus
pinus: pine tree
the pine trees,

[and had to] descend
descendo: descend, come down
descenderat
descendo: descend, come down
to descend

[into] the crowds [in disguise].
unda: crowd, throng
undas
unda: wave
[into] the waves [as ships].

Metamorphoses 1.93

Metamorphoses 1.96

Encrypted: Nothing did the common mortals besides their labor know. Not yet were there dangerous slums, surrounding the towns, of the weak people.

Official: Nothing did the mortals besides their own shores know. Not yet were there precipitous fortifications, surrounding the towns, of trenches.

Nothing [did]
nullus: none; -que: and
nullaque
nullus: none; -que: and
Nothing [did]

the [common] mortals
mortalis: human, mortal
mortales
mortalis: human, mortal
the mortals

besides
praeter: except, besides
praeter
praeter: except, besides
besides

their
suus / sua: hers, theirs
sua
suus / sua: hers, theirs
their

labor
litus: shore, coast
litora
litus: shore, coast
[own] shores

know.
nosco: know, learn
norant
nosco: know, learn
know.

Not yet [were there]
nondum: not yet
Nondum
nondum: not yet
Not yet [were there]

dangerous [slums??],
praeceps: great danger, violent
praecipites
praeceps: precipitous, steep
precipitous [fortifications],

surrounding
cingo: surround
cingebant
cingo: surround
surrounding

the towns,
oppidum: town
oppida
oppidum: town
the towns,

of the weak [people??].
fessus: worn out, weak
fossae
fossa: fosse, ditch, trench
of trenches.

Metamorphoses 1.96

Metamorphoses 1.96

Encrypted: Not did the multitudes have to be directed, not did one have to deceive any crowds agitated. Not mockery not deceit were needed to exist. Without the constant need of soldiers to be employed, pleasant and secure passed their time the nobles.

Official: Not was there the war trumpet straight, not of brass the horn of war curved. Not the helmet, not the sword existed. Without of soldiers to be employed, pleasant and secure passed their time the people.

Not [did]
non: not
non
non: not
Not [was there]

the multitudes
turba: crowd, mob, multitude
tuba
tuba: trumpet
the [war] trumpet

[have to] be directed,
dirigo: direct, steer, guide
directi
directus: direct, straight
straight,

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

[did one have to] deceive
error / erroris: error, delusion, deception; erro / erraris: err
aeris
aes / aeris: copper, brass, bronze
of brass

[any] crowds
corona: crowd, multitude
cornua
cornu: horn
the horn [of war]

agitated.
fluctuo: fluctuate, surge, agitated, restless
flexi
flecto: bend, turn, curve
curved.

Not
non: not
non
non: not
Not

mockery [???]
cavilla: jesting, scoffing
galeae
galea: helmet
the helmet,

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

deceit [???]
insidiosus / insidiosis: insidious, deceitful
ensis
ensis: sword
the sword

[were needed to] exist.
sum / erat: be
erat
sum / erat: be
existed.

Without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
Without

[the constant need] of soldiers
miles: soldier
militis
miles: soldier
of soldiers

to be employed,
usus: use, practice, employment
usu
usus: use, practice, employment
to be employed,

pleasant
mollis: gentle, mild, pleasant
mollia
mollis: gentle, mild, pleasant
pleasant

[and] secure
securus: secure, safe
securae
securus: secure, safe
[and] secure

passed
perago: pass through, traverse
peragebant
perago: pass through, traverse
passed

[their] time
otium: leisure, spare time
otia
otium: leisure, spare time
[their] time

the nobles.
gens: patrician; genus: noble birth
gentes
gens: clan, race, people, nation
the people.

Metamorphoses 1.96

Metamorphoses 1.101

Encrypted: Themselves also immune to critical thought, by words from a speaker’s platform untouched, and not anyhow understanding words witten with a stylus, by themselves gave away everything the supporters.

Official: Itself also free, by the hoe untouched, and not anyhow wounded by a plough, by itself gave away everything the earth.

Themselves
ipse: himself
ipsa
ipse: himself
Itself

also
quoque: also, too
quoque
quoque: also, too
also

immune [to critical thought???],
immunis: immune, exempt, free from
inmunis
immunis: immune, exempt, free from
free,

[by words from?] a speaker’s platform [???]
rostrum: stage, speaker’s platform; -que: and
rastroque
rastrum: drag-hoe; -que: and
[by] the hoe

untouched,
intactus: intact, untouched
intacta
intactus: intact, untouched
untouched,

[and] not
nec: not
nec
nec: not
[and] not

any[how]
ullus: any
ullis
ullus: any
any[how]

understanding
scio: know, understand
saucia
saucio: wound, hurt
wounded

[words witten with?] a stylus [???],
vomer: stylus
vomeribus
vomer: ploughshare
[by] a plough,

by
per: by, by means of
per
per: by, by means of
by

themselves
se: himself
se
se: himself
itself

gave [away]
do: give, produce
dabat
do: give, produce
gave [away]

everything
omnia: everything
omnia
omnia: everything
everything

the supporters [???].
tolero / toleres: tolerate, endure, support
tellus
tellus / tellures: earth, globe
the earth.

Metamorphoses 1.101

Metamorphoses 1.103

Encrypted: Content with food alone, with no one needing to force them, created the deprived people all the production and services useful entrusted to them, even for abusive and for hard and difficult service needing all their strength, and all which was decided as work for the common helpers and deprived vassals.

Official: Content with food alone, with no one forcing them, naturally produced arbutus fruits and mountain strawberries they collected, and cornel-berries and in hard bushes hanging mulberries on brambles, and all which fell off from the spreading Jove’s trees those nuts.

Content with
contentus: content with, pleased; -que: and
contentique
contentus: content with, pleased; -que: and
Content with

food [alone],
cibus: food, sustenance
cibis
cibus: food, sustenance
food [alone],

[with] no one
nullus: none, no
nullo
nullus: none, no
[with] no one

[needing to] force [them],
cogo: force, compel
cogente
cogo: force, compel
forcing [them],

created
creo: create, produce, make
creatis
creo: create, produce, make
[naturally] produced

the deprived [people]
orbo / orbatus: deprive, bereave, strip
arbuteos
arbutus: arbutus, strawberry tree
arbutus

[all] the production
fetus: productive, production
fetus
fetus: foetus, fruit
fruits

and services
moenus: service, duty, office; -que: and
montanaque
mons: mountain; -que: and
and mountain

useful [??]
frugi: useful
fraga
fragum: wild strawberries
strawberries

entrusted [to them??],
lego: select, entrust
legebant
lego: gather, collect
[they] collected,

[even for] abusive [??]
carino: abuse; -que: and
cornaque
cornum: cornel berry; -que: and
and cornel-berries

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

for
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
in

hard
durus: hard, harsh
duris
durus: hard, harsh
hard [bushes?]

[and] difficult
haereo: be in trouble, difficulty
haerentia
haereo: hang, stick
hanging

service [??]
mereo / meream: serve
mora
morum: mulberry; morus: black mulberry tree
mulberries

[needing all their?] strength [??],
robur: strength, force
rubetis
rubetum: bramble thicket
[on] brambles,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

[all] which
qui / quae: who, that
quae
qui / quae: who, that
[all] which

was decided [as work?]
decido: decide
deciderant
decido: fall down, fall off
fell off

[for?] the common
patulus: common
patula
patulus: spread out, open, wide
[from] the spreading

helpers [??]
iuvo / iuves: help, aid, please
Iovis
Iovis: Jove, Jupiter
Jove’s

[and] deprived [?]
orbo / orbor: deprive, bereave, strip
arbore
arbor: tree
trees

vassals [???].
cluens / cluentes: client, vassal
glandes
glans / glandes: acorn, beachnut
[those] nuts.

Metamorphoses 1.103

Metamorphoses 1.107

Encrypted: The nobility was immortal, and peacefully with a tepid voice could appease the oppressors those that were born without even a dream of prosperity.

Official: Spring was eternal, and peacefully with a warm breeze stroked the west winds those that were born without any seed those flowers.

The nobility
vir: person of nobility
Ver
ver: spring
Spring

was
sum / erat: be
erat
sum / erat: be
was

immortal,
aeterno: immortalize
aeternum
aeternus: eternal, endless
eternal,

and peacefully
placidus: gentle, quiet, still, calm, mild, peaceful, placid
placidique
placidus: gentle, quiet, still, calm, mild, peaceful, placid
and peacefully

[with] a tepid
tepeo: tepid
tepentibus
tepeo: warm
[with] a warm

voice
aura: tone, voice
auris
aura: air, breeze
breeze

[could] appease
mulceo: appease
mulcebant
mulceo: stroke
stroked

the oppressors
supprimo / suppressi: suppress, restrain; supero: overcome, conquer
zephyri
zephyrus / zephyri: west wind, zephyr
the west winds

[those that] were born
nascor: born, produced
natos
nascor: born, produced
[those that] were born

without
sine: without
sine
sine: without
without

[even] a dream
somnium: dream, vision
semine
semen: semen, seed
[any] seed

of prosperity.
floreo: flourish, prosperous, distinguished
flores
flos / flores: flower
[those] flowers.

Metamorphoses 1.107

But then the masks start dropping, and the working subjects develop disobedience.

Metamorphoses 1.109

Encrypted: But soon also insolence did the suffering weak people produce, and the formerly never disapproving crowds were now troublesome and started to examine the aristocrats.

Official: Soon also fruits did the earth unploughed produce, and the not fallowed land was fully white with ears of corn.

[But] soon
mox: soon
Mox
mox: soon
Soon

also
etiam: and also
etiam
etiam: and also
also

insolence
ferox / feroces: defiant, headstrong, insolent
fruges
frux / fruges: fruits
fruits

[did] the suffering
tolero / toleres: tolerate, endure, support
tellus
tellus / tellures: earth, globe
[did] the earth

weak [people]
iners / inertis: inert, weak
inarata
inaratus: unploughed, untilled
unploughed

produce,
fero: bear, produce
ferebat
fero: bear, produce
produce,

[and the formerly] never
nec: not
nec
nec: not
[and the] not

disapproving
renuo: refuse, disapprove
renovatus
renovo: renew, restore, let lie fallow
fallowed

crowds
aggero: crowd together
ager
ager: land, terrain
land

were [now] troublesome
gravis: troublesome, unpleasant
gravidis
gravidus: gravid, full, laden
was fully

[and started to] examine
cerno / cernebat: examine, comprehend, understand
canebat
caneo / carnebat: gray, white, hoary
white

the aristocrats.
αριστος aristos: chief, noblest; aristocratia: aristocracy
aristis
arista: ear of grain
[with] ears of corn.

Metamorphoses 1.109

Metamorphoses 1.111

Encrypted: The servants were now coming loose, and the servants were also becoming harmful in their intentions. The deceptions from the truth were dropping, and the decoys of sweetness.

Official: Rivers now ran with milk, and rivers were also with nectar running. And golden juice from the greenery was dropping, and from the oak the honey.

The servants
famulus / famula: servant, slave, subject
flumina
flumen / flumina: flood, river, stream
Rivers

[were] now
iam: now, already
iam
iam: now, already
now

[coming] loose,
laxatus: lax, loose
lactis
lac / lactis: milk
[ran with] milk,

[and]
iam: now, already
iam
iam: now, already
[and]

the servants
famulus / famula: servant, slave, subject
flumina
flumen / flumina: flood, river, stream
rivers

were [also becoming] harmful
noceo / nocetis: harm, hurt, injure
nectaris
nectar / nectaris: nectar
[were also with] nectar

[in their] intentions [???].
eo / ibant: aim, intend
ibant
eo / ibant: go, move
running.

The deceptions
fallo / falles: deceive, beguile, trick; -que: and
flavaque
flavus / flavo: golden; -que: and
[And] golden [juice?]

from
de: of, from
de
de: of, from
from

the truth
veritas: truth, reality
viridi
viridis: fresh, green
the greenery

were dropping,
stillo: drip, drop, distil
stillabant
stillo: drip, drop, distil
was dropping,

[and] the decoys
illex: false, fraudulent, decoy
ilice
ilex: holm-oak
[and from?] the oak

of sweetness.
mel: sweetness
mella
mel: honey
the honey.

Metamorphoses 1.111

The nobles have to diminish their role, and flee into disguise & obscurity.

Metamorphoses 1.113

Encrypted: After that, the rich into obscurity and into mockery had to go, under a supporting dress-up they were fleeing.

Official: After that, Saturn into the dark and into Tartarus was sent, and under Jove the world was ruled.

After [that],
postquam: after
Postquam
postquam: after
After [that],

the rich [???]
satur: saturated, rich; saturo: saturate
Saturno
Saturnus: Saturn
Saturn

[into] obscurity
tenebrae: obscurity
tenebrosa
tenebrae: darkness, gloom
[into the] dark

[and] into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
[and] into

mockery
derideo / derideres: deride, mock
Tartara
Tartarus: Tartarus, underworld
Tartarus

[had to] go,
mitto / missus: let go, dismiss
misso
mitto / missus: send, dispatch
was sent,

under
sub: under, beneath
sub
sub: under, beneath
[and] under

a supporting
iuvo: help, aid, assist, support
Iove
Iovis: Jove, Jupiter
Jove

dress-up
mundus: dress, ornament, decoration
mundus
mundus: world
the world

[they] were [fleeing].
sum / erat: be
erat
sum / erat: be
was [ruled].

Metamorphoses 1.113

Metamorphoses 1.114

Encrypted: Then followed an insolent proletariat. Compared to the old fawners it was worse, but still compared to an embittered population more valuable, or a hostile one.

Official: Then followed a silvery generation. Compared to gold it was worse, but still compared to the tawny metal more valuable, the bronze.

[Then] followed
subeo: enter, follow
subiit
subeo: enter, follow
[Then] followed

an insolent
arrogans: arrogant, insolent
argentea
argenteus: of silver
a silvery

proletariat.
proletarius: proletarian, common, vulgar
proles
proles: race, generation
generation.

[Compared to the old] fawners
arrisio: smile of approval; arrisor: smiler, flatterer, fawner
auro
aurum / auro: gold; auro / aures: gild
[Compared to] gold

[it was] worse,
deterior: lower, worse, poorer, meaner
deterior
deterior: lower, worse, poorer, meaner
[it was] worse,

[but still compared to an] embittered [population?]
fel: bitterness, bile, gall
fulvo
fulvus / fulvo: reddish yellow, tawny
[but still compared to the] tawny [metal]

[more] valuable,
pretiosus: of great value, costly, precious
pretiosior
pretiosus: of great value, costly, precious
[more] valuable,

[or] a hostile [one].
aversus: averse, hostile
aere
aereus: made of bronze
the bronze.

Metamorphoses 1.114

Metamorphoses 1.114

Encrypted: The adjustments took the ancient way of ruling, and diminished the position of the official nobility, through dissembling, and guile, and making oneself equal to the poor people, and a much smaller official nobility. With these acts they completed a quieter office for the nobles.

Official: Jupiter took the ancient single season, and contracted the time of spring, through winters, and hot summers, and unequal autumns, and a much shorter spring. With these spaces he completed the four seasons of the year.

The adjustments
apto / apter: adapt, adjust
Iuppiter
Iuppiter: Jupiter, Jove
Jupiter

[took] the ancient [way of ruling],
antiquus: ancient, former
antiqui
antiquus: ancient, former
[took] the ancient [single season],

[and] diminished
contraho: lessen, diminish
contraxit
contraho: contract, shorten
[and] contracted

the position
tempus: position, state, condition
tempora
tempus: time
the time

of the [official] nobility,
vir / viris: person of nobility
veris
ver / veris: spring
of spring,

through
per: by, by means of; -que: and
perque
per: by, by means of; -que: and
through

dissembling,
homoiousius: similar, resembling
hiemes
hiemo: winter
winters,

and guile,
astus: craft, cunning, guile
aestusque
aestus: heat, fire
and hot [summers],

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

making [oneself] equal to
inaequo: make equal
inaequalis
inaequalis: uneven, unequal
unequal

the poor [people],
attenuatus: impoverished, lessened, diminished
autumnos
autumnus: autumn
autumns,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

a [much] smaller
brevis: little, small, humble
breve
brevis: brief, short
a [much] shorter

[official] nobility.
vir: person of nobility
ver
ver: spring
spring.

[With these] acts [??]
spatium: act of play
spatiis
spatium: space, room, extent
[With these] spaces

[they] completed
exigo: complete, finish
exegit
exigo: complete, finish
[he] completed

a quieter
quietus / quietior: quiet, calm, peaceful, neutral
quattuor
quattuor: four
the four [seasons]

office [for the nobles].
honos: honor, esteem, public office
annum
annus: year
of the year.

Metamorphoses 1.114

Nobles live among commoners, must pretend to be kind & sexually restrained.

Metamorphoses 1.119

Encrypted: Then for the first time, the insipid lords with passion had to burn and shine, and the vain nobles to show kindness superficially had to consider.

Official: Then for the first time, the dry air with heat burned and glowed, and winds with ice bound hung in the sky.

Then
tum: then
Tum
tum: then
Then

[for] the first [time],
primus: first
primum
primus: first
[for] the first [time],

the insipid
siccus: firm, solid, insipid
siccis
siccus: dry
the dry

lords
erus / ere: lord, master, owner
aer
aer / aere: air, sky
air

[with] passion
fervor: passion, ardor
fervoribus
fervor: heat
[with] heat

[had to] burn
uro: burn
ustus
uro: burn
burned

[and] shine,
candeo: shine, glow, glisten
canduit
candeo: shine, glow, glisten
[and] glowed,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

the vain [nobles]
vanus: empty, vain, false
ventis
venio: come
winds

[to show] kindness
gracia / graciis: goodwill, kindness
glacies
glacies: ice; glacio: freeze
[with] ice

superficially
ad-: to; strictim: cursorily, superficially
adstricta
adstringo / adstrictum: bind, tie together
bound

[had to] consider.
pendo: ponder, consider
pependit
pendeo: hang, suspended
hung [in the sky].

Metamorphoses 1.119

Metamorphoses 1.121

Encrypted: Because then for the first time, the nobles entered the common people. Among the common people and between them were they now, and among crowds of fierce commoners, and bound and restricted crowds.

Official: Then for the first time, humans entered houses. Houses in caves those were, and made of thick shrubs, and bound barks and twigs.

[Because] then
tum: then
Tum
tum: then
Then

[for] the first [time],
primus: first
primum
primus: first
[for] the first [time],

[the nobles?] entered
subeo: come under, go under, enter
subiere
subeo: come under, go under, enter
[humans] entered

the common people.
demos: common people
domus
domus: house
houses.

[Among] the common people
demos: common people
(domus
domus: house
Houses

[and] between [them]
inter: between, among
antra
antrum / antra: cave, cavern
[in] caves

were [they now],
sum / fuerunt: be
fuerunt
sum / fuerunt: be
[those] were,

and [among]
et: and
et
et: and
and

crowds
densus: crowded
densi
densus: dense, thick
[made] of thick

of fierce [commoners?],
ferocitas: ferocity, fierceness
frutices
frutex / frutices: shrub, bush
shrubs,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

bound
vincio: bind, restrain
vinctae
vincio: bind, restrain
bound

[and] restricted
coarto: compress, constrain, restrict
cortice
cortex / cortice: bark, rind, shell, hull
barks

crowds [??].
urgeo: urge, press, crowd
virgae)
virga: twig, sprout, stalk
[and] twigs.

Metamorphoses 1.121

Metamorphoses 1.123

Encrypted: As for the semen then, for the first time for longer periods the noble courtiers’ lecherous ways hidden had to be. And pressed by the yoke of sexual morals groaned the young nobles.

Official: As for the seeds then, for the first time in the long rows of Ceres’ furrows buried had to be. And pressed by the yoke groaned the bullocks.

[As for] the semen
semen: semen, seed
Semina
semen: semen, seed
[As for] the seeds

then,
tum: then
tum
tum: then
then,

[for] the first [time]
primus: first
primum
primus: first
[for] the first [time]

[for] longer [periods??]
longus: long, extended
longis
longus: long, extended
[in] the long [rows]

the noble courtiers’ [??]
curialis: courtier, feudal noble
Cerealia
Cerealis: of Ceres
of Ceres’

lecherous [ways??]
salax / salacis: salacious, lustful, lecherous
sulcis
sulcus / sulcis: furrow
furrows

hidden
obruo: cover, hide, bury
obruta
obruo: cover, hide, bury
buried

[had] to be.
sum / sunt: be
sunt
sum / sunt: be
[had] to be.

And pressed
premo: press
pressique
premo: press
And pressed

[by] the yoke [of sexual morals??]
iugum: yoke
iugo
iugum: yoke
[by] the yoke

groaned
gemo: sigh, groan, lament
gemuere
gemo: sigh, groan, lament
groaned

the young [nobles??].
iuvencus: young man
iuvenci
iuvencus: young bullock
the bullocks.

Metamorphoses 1.123

The subjects become wild & dangerous, want to possess things too.

Metamorphoses 1.125

Encrypted: Third after those succeeded an uncommanded proletariat. It was savage in nature, and to wild behavior prompted, and to arms, but not totally polluted yet.

Official: Third after those succeeded a brazen generation. It was savage in nature, and to wild behavior prompted, and to arms, but not bad yet.

Third
tertius: third
Tertia
tertius: third
Third

after
post: after
post
post: after
after

those
ille: that
illam
ille: that
those

succeeded
succedo: go below, come under, enter
successit
succedo: go below, come under, enter
succeeded

an uncommanded [???]
iniussus / iniussae: unbidden, without command
aenea
aeneus / aenea: copper, bronze
a brazen

proletariat.
proletarius: proletarian, common, vulgar
proles
proles: race, generation
generation.

[It] was savage
saevus: savage, ferocious
saevior
saevus: savage, ferocious
[It] was savage

[in] nature,
ingenium: nature, character
ingeniis
ingenium: nature, character
[in] nature,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

to
ad: at, to, toward
ad
ad: at, to, toward
to

wild [behavior]
horridus: horrible, wild, rough
horrida
horridus: horrible, wild, rough
wild [behavior]

prompted,
promo / promptus: ready, quick, prompt
promptior
promo / promptus: ready, quick, prompt
prompted,

[and to] arms,
arma: arms, warfare
arma
arma: arms, warfare
[and to] arms,

[but] not
non: not
non
non: not
[but] not

[totally] polluted
scelero: bad, wicked, pollute
scelerata
scelero: bad, wicked, pollute
bad

yet.
tamen: although, yet, still
tamen
tamen: although, yet, still
yet.

Metamorphoses 1.125

Metamorphoses 1.127

Encrypted: Of roughness was the last one, and of savagery. Immediately burst the veins of evil into this age with all the crimes:

Official: Of a hard metal was the last one, of iron. Immediately burst the veins of evil into this age with all the sins:

Of
de: of, from, about
De
de: of, from, about
Of

roughness
durus: rough, cruel
duro
durus: durable, hard, vigorous
a hard [metal]

was
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
was

the last [one],
ultimus: ultimate, last, final
ultima
ultimus: ultimate, last, final
the last [one],

[and] of savagery.
ferus: fierce, wild, savage, uncivilized
ferro
ferrum: iron
of iron.

Immediately
protinus: immediately, at once
Protinus
protinus: immediately, at once
Immediately

burst
irrumpo: burst in
inrupit
irrumpo: burst in
burst

the veins [???]
vena: blood-vessel, vein
venae
vena: blood-vessel, vein
the veins [???]

of evil
malus: bad, evil
peioris
malus: bad, evil
of evil

into
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

[this] age
aevum: time, old age
aevum
aevum: time, old age
[this] age

[with] all
omnis: all, every
omne
omnis: all, every
[with] all

the crimes:
nefas: sin, crime
nefas
nefas: sin, crime
the sins:

Metamorphoses 1.127

Metamorphoses 1.129

Encrypted: Fled had all modesty and proper conduct and faith towards the aristocracy. In their spot entered the place offensive attitudes, and being cunning, and being insidious, and violence towards nobles, and a love profane to posses things like nobles.

Official: Fled had all decency and truth and faith. In their spot entered the place fraud, and trickery, and being insidious, and violence, and a love profane to posses things.

Fled had [all]
fugio: flee, run away
fugere
fugio: flee, run away
Fled had [all]

modesty
pudor: modesty, decency
pudor
pudor: modesty, decency
decency

and proper [conduct]
verus: proper, reasonable; -que: and
verumque
verus: true, real, actual, genuine; -que: and
and truth

and faith [towards the aristocracy].
fides: trust, faith, belief, confidence; -que: and
fidesque
fides: trust, faith, belief, confidence; -que: and
and faith.

In
in: in, into, for
In
in: in, into, for
In

their [spot]
qui: who, which, what
quorum
qui: who, which, what
their [spot]

entered
subeo: enter
subiere
subeo: enter
entered

the place
locus: place, spot
locum
locus: place, spot
the place

offensive [attitudes],
fraus: offense; -que: and
fraudesque
fraus: fraud, cheating, deceit; -que: and
fraud,

and being cunning,
dolus: cunning; -que: and
dolique
dolus: deceit, fraud, treachery, trickery; -que: and
and trickery,

and being insidious,
insidiae: insidiously, artifice; -que: and
insidiaeque
insidiae: insidiously, artifice; -que: and
and being insidious,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

violence [towards nobles],
vis: vigor, force, violence
vis
vis: vigor, force, violence
violence,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

a love
amor: love, affection
amor
amor: love, affection
a love

profane
scelero / sceleratus: pollute, defile, desecrate
sceleratus
scelero / sceleratus: pollute, defile, desecrate
profane

to posses [things like nobles].
habeo: have, hold, possess
habendi
habeo: have, hold, possess
to posses [things].

Metamorphoses 1.129

Nobles must use disguises, pretend to be commoners.

Metamorphoses 1.132

Encrypted: So veils had to be produced for better deception, but not yet well known were those disguises to the nobles unfamiliar with them. Arostocrats who before all day had stood on castles high, were now by agitated unknown commoners insulted, with curses!

Official: Sails were given to the winds, but not yet well known were those winds to the sailors. Wodden planks which before all day had stood on mountains high, were now over tides unknown jumping, at a ship’s keel.

[So] veils
velum: covering, curtain, veil
Vela
velum: sail
Sails

[had to] be produced
do: produce
dabat
do: give
were given

[for better] deception,
vanitas: vanity, deception
ventis
ventus: wind
[to] the winds,

[but] not
nec: not
(nec
nec: not
[but] not

yet
adhuc: still, yet
adhuc
adhuc: still, yet
yet

well
bene: well, properly
bene
bene: well, properly
well

known
nosco: know, learn
noverat
nosco: know, learn
known

[were] those [disguises]
illic: there, that
illos)
illic: there, that
[were] those [winds]

[to the nobles] unfamiliar [with them].
novitas: newness, unfamiliarity
navita
navita: sailor, seaman, mariner
[to] the sailors.

[Arostocrats] who
qui / quae: who, that; -que: and
quaeque
qui / quae: who, that; -que: and
[Wodden planks] which

[before] all day
diu: by day, all day
diu
diu: by day, all day
[before] all day

had stood
sto: stand, stand still
steterant
sto: stand, stand still
had stood

on
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
on

castles
moene: bulwarks, fortifications, castle
montibus
mons: mountain
mountains

high,
altus: high, tall
altis
altus: high, tall
high,

[were now by] agitated
fluctuo: fluctuate, surge, agitated, restless
fluctibus
fluctus: wave, tide, surge
[were now over] tides

unknown [commoners]
ignotus: unknown; ignoro: unfamiliar with
ignotis
ignotus: unknown; ignoro: unfamiliar with
unknown

insulted,
insulto: insult, taunt
insultavere
insulto: leap, jump, spring
jumping,

[with] curses!
carino: curse, abuse, revile, blame
carinae
carina: keel
[at a ship’s] keel.

Metamorphoses 1.132

Metamorphoses 1.135

Encrypted: Their noble identity had been public before, just like the light of the sun and the air, but carefully was now each person with tedious marks polished up as a wretched commoner.

Official: The land had been a common good before, just like the light of the sun and the air, but carefully was now the ground with long marks bounded by the land surveyors.

[Their noble identity] had been public
communis: public
communemque
communis: common, general
[The land] had been a common [good]

before,
prior: former, previous, prior, first
prius
prior: former, previous, prior, first
before,

just like
ceu: as, like as, just as
ceu
ceu: as, like as, just as
just like

the light
lumen: light
lumina
lumen: light
the light

of the sun
sol: sun
solis
sol: sun
of the sun

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

the air,
aura: air
auras
aura: air
the air,

[but] carefully
caveo: take care
cautus
caveo: take care
[but] carefully

[was now each] person
homo: man, person
humum
humus: earth, ground, soil
[was now] the ground

[with] tedious
longus: tedious
longo
longus: long, extended
[with] long

marks
signo: mark, designate
signavit
signo: mark, designate
marks

polished up
limo / limes: file, polish
limite
limes: limit, boundary
bounded

[as] a wretched [commoner].
miser: miserable, poor, wretched
mensor
mensor: measurer, surveyor
[by the land] surveyors.

Metamorphoses 1.135

Subject demand to see their rulers, so the corrupt reality must be hidden.

Metamorphoses 1.137

Encrypted: Not any more were the subjects only for getting crops alone, and not only having a glorious destiny was from the rich demanded by the people, but also now going were the people for their property to get a view of it.

Official: Not any more was the earth only demanded crops alone, and not only nourishment due alone was from the riches demanded of the earth, but also now going were the people into the inner parts of the earth.

Not [any more]
nec: not
Nec
nec: not
Not [any more]

[were the subjects?] only
tantum: only
tantum
tantum: only
[was the earth?] only

[for getting] crops [alone],
seges: grain field, crop
segetes
seges: grain field, crop
[demanded] crops [alone],

and [not only having] a glorious [??]
illuminatio: illumination, glory
alimentaque
alimentum: nourishment, nutriment, aliment
and [not only] nourishment

destiny [??]
debitus: destined, fated
debita
debitus: due, owed
due [alone]

[was from] the rich
dives: rich, wealthy
dives
dives: rich, wealthy
[was from] the riches

demanded
posco: ask, demand
poscebatur
posco: ask, demand
demanded

[by?] the people,
homo: man, person
humus
humus: earth, ground, soil
of the earth,

but also
sed: but, but also
sed
sed: but, but also
but also

[now] going
eo / itum: go
itum
eo / itum: go
[now] going

were [the people??]
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
were [the people]

for
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
into

[their] property
viscus: inmost part, means, property
viscera
viscus: viscera, inwards, entrails
the inner parts

[to get] a view [of it].
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terrae
terra / terris: earth, land
of the earth.

Metamorphoses 1.137

Metamorphoses 1.139

Encrypted: And what had been hidden from the hated subjects, and moved into the shadows, was now dug up: their wealth, the incentive of all adversity. And now the harmful lowly savages, and than regular savages even more harmful trouble-makers came forth.

Official: And what it had hidden in the stygian depths, and moved into the shadows, was now dug up: wealth, the incentive of all evil. And now the harmful iron, and than iron even more harmful gold came forth.

And what
quisque: any, whatever
quasque
quisque: any, whatever
And what

had been hidden
recondo: hide, conceal, bury
recondiderat
recondo: hide, conceal, bury
[it] had hidden

[from?] the hated [subjects???],
Stygius: pernicious, awful; στυγεω stygeō: hate, fear, abhor
Stygiisque
Stygius: Stygian, of the lower world
[in] the stygian [depths],

[and] moved
admoveo: move up, bring up
admoverat
admoveo: move up, bring up
[and] moved

[into] the shadows,
umbra: shade, shadow
umbris
umbra: shade, shadow
[into] the shadows,

was [now] dug up:
fodio: dig, dig up
effodiuntur
fodio: dig, dig up
was [now] dug up:

[their] wealth,
ops: resources, wealth
opes
ops: resources, wealth
wealth,

the incentive
irritamentum: incentive, stimulus
inritamenta
irritamentum: incentive, stimulus
the incentive

of [all] adversity.
malum: adversity
malorum
malum: evil, mischief
of [all] evil.

And now
iam: now, already; -que: and
Iamque
iam: now, already; -que: and
And now

the harmful
nocens: hurtful, harmful
nocens
nocens: hurtful, harmful
the harmful

[lowly] savages [??],
ferus / ferum: wild, savage, uncivilized
ferrum
ferrum: iron
iron,

and [than regular] savages [??]
ferus / ferum: wild, savage, uncivilized
ferroque
ferrum: iron
and [than] iron

[even] more harmful
noceo: harm, injure
nocentius
noceo: harm, injure
[even] more harmful

trouble[-makers]
aerumna: trouble, distress, calamity
aurum
aurum: gold
gold

came forth.
prodeo: come forth
prodierat
prodeo: come forth
came forth.

Metamorphoses 1.139

Metamorphoses 1.142

Encrypted: And against them was brought forth a new covering, which was used to combat both, and with an image of gentleness were beguiled and enclosed the laborers.

Official: And with them came forth war, which fights with both, and with a bloody hand rattles and strikes the weapons.

[And against them] was brought forth
prodo: bring forth, exhibit, reveal
prodit
prodeo: come forth
[And with them] came forth

a [new] covering,
velum: veil, covering, curtain
bellum
bellum: war
war,

which
qui / quod: who, that
quod
qui / quod: who, that
which

[was used] to combat
pugno: fight, combat, contend
pugnat
pugno: fight, combat, contend
fights

both,
utroque: both places
utroque
utroque: both places
[with] both,

and [with] an image
signum / signis / signa: sign, signal, image; -que: and
sanguineaque
sanguineus / sanguinea: of blood, bloody; -que: and
and [with] a bloody

of gentleness
mansues: tame, mild, gentle, soft
manu
manus: hand
hand

were beguiled [?]
corrumpo / corruptus: corrupt, seduce, beguile, falsify
crepitantia
crepito / crepitatus: rattle, clatter, rumble
rattles

[and] enclosed [?]
cinctus: surrounded, enclosed
concutit
concutio: strike together
[and] strikes

the laborers [???].
aerumna: toil, task, labor
arma
arma: arms, weaponry
the weapons.

Metamorphoses 1.142

The official appearance of the ruling class becomes a theater show.

Metamorphoses 1.144

Encrypted: All public life became a mere repetition. Not could an important guest with his host be seen any more, not an important follower with his patrician.

Official: All life became prey. Not was a guest from his host safe any more, not the father-in-law from his son-in-law.

[All public] life
vivo: live, alive
Vivitur
vivo: live, alive
[All] life

[became]
ex: from, out of
ex
ex: from, out of
[became]

a [mere] repetition.
repeto / repetam: repeat; reperio: discover, invent
rapto
raptum / rapto: plunder, prey, booty
prey.

Not
non: not
non
non: not
Not

[could an important] guest
hospes: host, guest
hospes
hospes: host, guest
[was] a guest

with
ab: in, with
ab
ab: from, out of
from

[his] host
hospes: host, guest
hospite
hospes: host, guest
[his] host

be seen [any more],
tueor: look at, watch, view
tutus
tueor: safe, secure
safe [any more],

not
non: not
non
non: not
not

[an important] follower
secor: follow, escort, attend, accompany
socer
socer: father-in-law
the father-in-law

with
a: in, with
a
a: from, out of
from

[his] patrician.
gens: patrician; genus: noble birth
genero
gener: daughter’s husband, son-in-law
[his] son-in-law.

Metamorphoses 1.144

Gay lords now hide their gay lovers, even from their wives.

Metamorphoses 1.145

Encrypted: Between male lovers too, their love, rarely it was now made public. Projecting another outward appearance was a nobleman towards the crowds, and even did that towards commoners he married.

Official: Between brothers too, their friendship, rare it was now. Pondering destruction was a husband towards his spouse, and she that of her married husband.

[Between] male lovers
frater: male friend, lover
fratrum
frater: brother
[Between] brothers

too,
quoque: also, too
quoque
quoque: also, too
too,

[their] love,
gratia: regard, love, friendship
gratia
gratia: regard, love, friendship
[their] friendship,

rarely
rarus: rare
rara
rarus: rare
rare

[it] was [now made public].
sum / est: be
est
sum / est: be
[it] was [now].

Projecting
emineo: stand out, project
Inminet
immineo: threaten, eager for, lean towards
Pondering

[another] outward [appearance??]
exter / exterum: external, outer, outward
exitio
exitium: destruction, ruin, mischief
destruction

[was] a nobleman
vir: person of nobility
vir
vir: man
[was] a husband

[towards] the crowds,
conjectus: crowding
coniugis
coniunx: consort, spouse, wife
[towards his] spouse,

[and even did] that [???]
ille: that
illa
ille: that
[and] she

[towards commoners he] married [???].
maritus: marital, matrimonial
mariti
maritus: marital, matrimonial
[that of her] married [husband].

Metamorphoses 1.145

Nobles trade publicity for a fake show-nobility, made to look extra-mighty.

Metamorphoses 1.147

Encrypted: Mockery and terror had to be used as a confounding accentuation for the changed identities. Because the worthless before his wealthy patrician would now even inquire about his money.

Official: Lurid and terrible things were mixed into poisons by step-mothers. The son before the due day of his father would now even inquire about how many years he will still live.

Mockery [?]
ludo / luderes: mock, deceive, trick
lurida
luridus: pale yellow, lurid
Lurid

[and] terror [??]
terribilis: frightful, dreadful, terrible
terribiles
terribilis: frightful, dreadful, terrible
[and] terrible [things]

[had to be used as??] a confounding
misceo: intermingle, confound
miscent
misceo: mix, mingle
were mixed

accentuation
accentus / accentum: accent, accentuation, signal
aconita
aconitum: aconite, strong poison
[into] poisons

[for] the changed [identities???].
novo / novare: renovate, change
novercae
noverca: stepmother
[by] step-mothers.

[Because?] the worthless
frivolus: frivolous, worthless
filius
filius: son
The son

before
ante: before
ante
ante: before
before

[his] wealthy
dives: rich, rich man
diem
dies: day
[the due] day

patrician
patricius: patrician, noble
patrios
pater: father
[of his] father

[would now even] inquire
inquiro: inquire, examine, search
inquirit
inquiro: inquire, examine, search
[would now even] inquire

about
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
about

[his] money [??].
aeneus: copper; aes: copper, money
annos
annus: year
[how many] years [he will still live??].

Metamorphoses 1.147

Metamorphoses 1.149

Encrypted: Defeated and thrown away was all piety. And being crowded in, from a society that murdering them would even consider, even the last of the preeminent persons the public view with bitterness had to abandon.

Official: Defeated and thrown away was all piety. And the virgin goddess, from a earth that was with murder dripping, as the last of the celestial gods, this earth did the goddess of justice Astrea abandon.

Defeated
vinco: conquer, defeat
Victa
vinco: conquer, defeat
Defeated

[and] thrown away
iaceo: thrown, cast
iacet
iaceo: thrown, cast
[and] thrown away

was [all] piety.
pietas: piety, loyalty, duty
pietas
pietas: piety, loyalty, duty
was [all] piety.

And
et: and
et
et: and
And

being crowded in,
urgeo: urge, press, crowd, hem in
virgo
virgo: virgin, maiden
the virgin [goddess],

[from a society that] murdering [them?]
caedo: cut down, fell, murder
caede
caedo: cut down, fell, murder
[from a earth that was with] murder

[would even] consider [??],
meditor: meditate, ponder, consider, plan
madentis
madeo: drip, flow
dripping,

[even] the last
ultimum: finally, at last
ultima
ultimum: finally, at last
[as] the last

of the preeminent [persons]
caelestis: preeminent
caelestum
caelestis: celestial, heavenly
of the celestial [gods],

the [public] view
tueor / tueris: see, watch, view
terras
terra / terris: earth, land
[this] earth

[with] bitterness [???]
auster: austere, plain, bitter
Astraea
Astraea: Astraea, goddess of Justice
[did the goddess of justice] Astrea

[had to] abandon.
relinquo: leave behind, abandon
reliquit
relinquo: leave behind, abandon
abandon.

Metamorphoses 1.149

Metamorphoses 1.151

Encrypted: But it should not be that than the old terrifying rulers more easy-going the new mock authorities would be. So was desired, it is said, that the royalty that was to be preeminent had to look mighty as well. So the greatest looking ones they brought together, and arranged them towards the servants for public office.

Official: But it should not be that than the earth more secure the lofty ether would be. So was desired, it is said, the kingdom of heaven by the giants. So high rocks they brought together, and arranged them towards the stars as mountains.

[But it should] not
neve: and not, or not, nor
Neve
neve: and not, or not, nor
[But it should] not

be [that]
sum / foret: be
foret
sum / foret: be
be [that]

[than the old] terrifying [rulers]
terror: terror, dread, fear
terris
terra: earth, land
[than] the earth

more easy[-going]
securus: easy, negligent
securior
securus: secure, untroubled
more secure

the [new] mock
irrideo / irrides: ridicule, mock
arduus
arduus: steep, high, lofty
the lofty

authorities [would be].
auctor: authority
aether
aether: ether, upper air, sky
ether [would be].

[So] was desired,
affecto: desire, aspire
adfectasse
affecto: desire, aspire
[So] was desired,

[it] is said,
fero: tell, speak of
ferunt
fero: tell, speak of
[it] is said,

[that] the royalty
regnum: kingship, royalty
regnum
regnum: kingship, royalty
the kingdom

[that was] to be preeminent
caelestis: preeminent
caeleste
caelestis: celestial, heavenly
of heaven

[had to look??] mighty [as well??].
Γιγας / Γιγαντες Gigas / Gigantes: Giants, mighty
Gigantas
Γιγας / Γιγαντες Gigas / Gigantes: Giants, mighty
[by] the giants.

So the greatest [looking ones??]
altus: tall, great, noble
altaque
altus: high, lofty
So high [rocks]

[they] brought together,
congero: bring together, collect, heap up
congestos
congero: bring together, collect, heap up
[they] brought together,

[and] arranged [them]
struo: heap up, pile up, arrange
struxisse
struo: heap up, pile up, arrange
[and] arranged [them]

towards
ad: at, to, toward
ad
ad: at, to, toward
towards

the servants
servitus: servitude, slavery, slaves
sidera
sidus: star, constellation
the stars

[for public] office.
moenus: service, duty, office
montes
mons: mountain
[as] mountains.

Metamorphoses 1.151

Nobles mix common-born influencers in with the masses, to make excuses for them.

Metamorphoses 1.154

Encrypted: Then the patricians almighty also sent for smoothening up this obscurity their servants and to make excuses, and they placed them under the multitudes, to be similar to them.

Official: Then the father almighty sent to break through Olympus his thunderbolts, and to drive out the giants he threw them under mount Pelion, broken off mount Ossa.

Then
tum: then
Tum
tum: then
Then

the patricians
patricius: patrician, noble
pater
pater: father, sire
the father

almighty
omnipotens: omnipotent, almighty
omnipotens
omnipotens: omnipotent, almighty
almighty

[also] sent
mitto: send, dispatch, discharge
misso
mitto: send, dispatch, discharge
sent

[for] smoothening up [??]
perfrico: rub smooth
perfregit
perfringo: break through, shatter
to break through

[this] obscurity
αλαμπης alampēs: obscure
Olympum
Ολυμπος Olympos: Mount Olympus
Olympus

[their] servants
famulus / famuli: servant, slave, subject
fulmine
fulmen / fulmini: lightning, flash, thunderbolt
[his] thunderbolts,

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

to make excuses [??],
excusso / excussatus: excuse, allege, justify
excussit
excutio / excussit: cast out, drive out, send forth
to drive out [the giants???]

[and they] placed [them] under
subicio: throw under, place under
subiectae
subicio: throw under, place under
[he] threw [them] under

the multitudes,
πολυς / πολυν polys / polyn: many, multitude, people, commonalty
Pelion
Πηλιον Pēlion: Pelion, mountain in Thessaly
[mount] Pelion,

[to be] similar [to them].
ισος / ισα isos / isa: equal, similar
Ossae
Οσσα Ossa: Ossa, mountain in Thessaly
[broken off mount???] Ossa.

Metamorphoses 1.154

Metamorphoses 1.156

Encrypted: Covered among the masses of their own subjects, with their selves in mockery and joke, coated by their common born families, these watchmen were abundant and were brought forth in secret collusion, and roused the multitudes.

Official: Buried under the mass of their own, with their corpses in dread and lying still, sprinkled by much of her born children's blood, the earth herself was moist and brought forth warmth, and animated the blood.

Covered
obruo: cover, hide, bury
Obruta
obruo: cover, hide, bury
Buried

[among] the masses
moles: shapeless mass, weight, pile
mole
moles: shapeless mass, weight, pile
[under the] mass

of their own [subjects??],
suus / sua: hers, theirs
sua
suus / sua: hers, theirs
of their own,

with
cum: with, because
cum
cum: with, because
with

[their] selves
corpus: person, self
corpora
corpus: body, corpse
[their] corpses

[in] mockery
derisus: derision, mockery, scorn
dira
dirus: dire, fearful, dreadful
[in] dread

[and] joke,
ioco / iocarent: joke
iacerent
iaceo / iacerent: lie still, lie dead
[and] lying still,

coated
perfundo: coat, overlay
perfusam
perfundo: pour over, besprinkle
sprinkled

[by] their common
multus: common mass, multitude
multo
multus: much, many
[by] much

born
nascor: born, produced
natorum
nascor: born, produced
[of her] born [children's]

families,
sanguis: family
sanguine
sanguis: blood
blood,

[these] watchmen
tueor: watch, protect
Terram
terra: earth
the earth [herself]

were abundant
madeo: overflow with, abundant
inmaduisse
madeo: wet, moist
was moist

and were brought forth
fero: bring forth, produce
ferunt
fero: bring forth, produce
and brought forth

[in] secret collusion,
colludo / colludes: act collusively, secret understanding, false appearance
calidumque
calidus / calidum: warm, hot; -que: and
warmth,

[and] roused
animo: rouse, inspire
animasse
animo: animate, enliven
[and] animated

the multitudes.
chorea / choream: choir, multitude
cruorem
cruor / cruorem: blood, gore
the blood.

Metamorphoses 1.156

To remain famous, nobles pose as common-born celebrities.

Metamorphoses 1.159

Encrypted: And so that not should nothing of their own true character as a monument remain, in appearance they simply changed into new personas.

Official: And so that not should nothing of her own stock as a monument remain, in appearance she changed them into men.

And
et: and
et
et: and
And

[so that] not
ne: not
ne
ne: not
[so that] not

[should] nothing
nullus: none
nulla
nullus: none
[should] nothing

[of their] own
suus / suae: hers, theirs
suae
suus / suae: hers, theirs
[of her] own

[true] character
stirps: character
stirpis
stirps: stem, stock, lineage
stock

[as] a monument
monumentum: monument, reminder
monimenta
monumentum: monument, reminder
[as] a monument

remain,
maneo: stay, remain
manerent
maneo: stay, remain
remain,

in
in: in, into, for
in
in: in, into, for
in

appearance
facies: appearance, form, figure
faciem
facies: appearance, form, figure
appearance

[they simply] changed
verto: turn, change, alter
vertisse
verto: turn, change, alter
[she] changed [them]

[into new] personas.
homo: human being, man, person
hominum
homo: human being, man, person
[into] men.

Metamorphoses 1.159

Metamorphoses 1.160

Encrypted: But also those propagated personas had to despise the nobility, and savage and eager for beatings and violence did they have to be. So it was perceived that from those kind of families they were born.

Official: But also that progeny despised the superior gods, and savage and eager for slaughter and violence were they. So it was known that from blood they were born.

But
sed: but, but also
Sed
sed: but, but also
But

also
et: and
et
et: and
also

those
ille: that
illa
ille: that
that

propagated [personas]
propago: propagate
propago
propago: breed, offspring
progeny

[had to?] despise
contemno / contemptus: hold in contempt, scorn, despise
contemptrix
contemno / contemptus: hold in contempt, scorn, despise
despised

the nobility,
superus / superior: superior, greater, noble
superum
superus / superior: upper, higher
the superior [gods??],

and savage
saevus: savage, ferocious
saevaeque
saevus: savage, ferocious
and savage

[and] eager
avidus: desirous of, eager, greedy
avidissima
avidus: desirous of, eager, greedy
[and] eager

[for] beatings [??]
caedo: cut, fell, beat, slaughter
caedis
caedo: cut, fell, beat, slaughter
[for] slaughter

and
et: and
et
et: and
and

violence
violentus: violent, impetuous
violenta
violentus: violent, impetuous
violence

[did they have] to be.
sum / fuit: be
fuit
sum / fuit: be
were [they].

[So it] was perceived
scio: know, understand, perceive
scires
scio: know, understand, perceive
[So it] was known

[that] from
ex / e: from, out of
e
ex / e: from, out of
[that] from

[those kind of??] families [??]
sanguis: family
sanguine
sanguis: blood
blood

[they] were born.
nascor: born, produced
natos
nascor: born, produced
[they] were born.

Metamorphoses 1.160

🏷  Latin interlinear · text