Maaser Sheni
The Talmud chapter Maaser Sheni officially deals with the so-called “second tithe”. But in Hebrew, mˁšr-šny “second tithe” puns with msr-šny “disguised informant”. On analysis, the chapter is really about the legions of traitorous moles, who spy us common-birth subjects on behalf of the corrupt aristocracy. Interestingly, the rulers don’t hold them in very high regard, but see them more as expendable idiots.
Introduction
The Maaser Sheni tractate is about a “second tithe”. The implicit premise is that it’s a special holy tithe and will be brought to Jerusalem. That’s why tithed produce must be especially pure. As usual, the Talmud then lists a gazillion of things that are fit or unfit for second tithe under this or that circumstance, plus even more exceptions.
And as usual, it’s all pun-encryption: mˁšr šny “second tithe” puns with mswr šny “disguised informant”. The text is really about recruiting secret informants, and which people are fit or unfit for the job, under various circumstances. These are the most important rules:
- Generally, informants mustn’t be revealed, except if they’re to be abandoned.
- The meetings to recruit informants must be especially secure.
- Regular informants cannot spy on other informants because they know the trick. For that, special informants are needed.
- Some say informants shouldn’t be spied upon too much, or should be dealt with honestly. Other say informers can be defrauded like everyone else.
These are the most important puns:
- Officially, mˁšr šny “second tithe” produce mustn’t be mkr “sold”, not even in yrwšlym “Jerusalem” for šmn “oil”.
- Secretly, mswr šny “disguised informants” mustn’t be made mkr “known”, not even in ˀyrwˁ šˁlm “secret meetings” for sˀmny “money”. 🡻
- Officially, the tithe mustn’t be ḥll “redeemed” with mṭbˁ “coins” that are not for yṣyˀh “expenses”, or with mˁwt “money” that’s not in one’s ršwt “possession”.
- Secretly, informants mustn’t be ḥyl “recruited” in a mwtb “locality” that’s not yṣˀ “exclusive”, or at a mwˁd “place” that’s not under one’s ršwt “control”. 🡻
- Officially, the tithed produce is only only for swk “anointing” regular things, not yyn “wine” but only šmn “oil”.
- Secretly, regular informants are only only for sky “observing” regular people, not other ˁyn “watchers”, except by special zmn “appointment”. 🡻
- Officially, if ˁsh “dough” to be tithed is ˀph “baked” and is šbḥ “improved”, it must be šny “second” tithe.
- Secretly, if the ˀšh “wife” of an informant is pˀy “beautiful” and is ṣph “spied” on, it must be šny “disguised”. 🡻
- Officially, kršynh “vetches” may be klˀ “eaten” in a ṣrd “dry” or ṭmˀ “unclean” state.
- Secretly, qrṣyn “informers” may be klˀ “informed against” themselves, in a zrd “deceptive” or ṭmˀˀ “dirty” way. 🡻
More sections follow, but this is what I have decrypted so far.
How to read this
- In the interlinear text, each word is shown as a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks.
- Use the Pun Config to choose your level: Minimal for secret meaning only, Beginner for secret & official English texts, Intermediate for word-by-word vocabulary, Expert for original text & glyphs.
- Possible pun-encrypted meaning is marked with light red.
- Official meaning is marked with light green.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs. All vocabulary is linked to online dictionaries.
- Please read the introduction, the interchangeability rules, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- Religious readers should proceed with care.
Don’t reveal informants
A secret informer mustn’t be revealed.
Maaser Sheni 1:1.a
Encrypted: The informant disguised, one may not make known him, and not endanger him, and not strip the mask of him, and not have him be seen clearly as an informer.
Official: The tithe second, one may not sell it, and not pledge it, and not exchange it, and not weigh it as a rule of weight.
The informant
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
The tithe
disguised,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
[one may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[one may] not
make known
מכר mkr: known, recognized, made acquainted
מוכרין mwkryn
מכר mkr: sell
sell
him,
אתו ˀtw: to him
אותו ˀwtw
אתו ˀtw: to him
it,
and not
אין ˀyn: no, not
ואין wˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
and not
endanger
מ־ m-: of; מסכן mskn: dangerous; סכן skn: endanger
ממשכנין mmšknyn
מ־ m-: of; משכן mškn: pledge
pledge
him,
אתו ˀtw: to him
אותו ˀwtw
אתו ˀtw: to him
it,
and not
אין ˀyn: no, not
ואין wˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
and not
strip [the mask of]
קלף qlp: stripped, peel off
מחליפין mḥlypyn
חלף ḥlp: change, exchange
exchange
him,
אתו ˀtw: to him
אותו ˀwtw
אתו ˀtw: to him
it,
and not
לא lˀ: not
ולא wlˀ
לא lˀ: not
and not
have [him] be seen clearly
סכל skl: look at, understand, see clearly
שוקלין šwqlyn
שקל šql: weigh
weigh [it]
as an informer.
כ־ k-: as; נגד ngd: tell, inform, informer
כנגדו kngdw
כ־ k-: as; נגד ngd: guide, rule
as a rule [of weight].
Maaser Sheni 1:1.b
Encrypted: Not may say a man to his friend even in a secret meeting: Here is for you a description of him, now give to me in exchange silver money.
Official: Not may say a man to his friend even in Jerusalem : Here is for you wine from a second tithe, now give to me in exchange oil.
Not [may]
לא lˀ: not
ולא wlˀ
לא lˀ: not
Not [may]
say
אמר ˀmr: say
יאמר yˀmr
אמר ˀmr: say
say
a man
אדם ˀdm: man
אדם ˀdm
אדם ˀdm: man
a man
to his friend
ל־ l-: to; חבר ḥbr: friend, associate
לחברו lḥbrw
ל־ l-: to; חבר ḥbr: friend, associate
to his friend
[even] in a secret meeting:
ב־ b-: in; אירוע ˀyrwˁ: meeting; ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: hidden
בירושלים byrwšlym
ב־ b-: in; ירושלים yrwšlym: Jerusalem
[even] in Jerusalem [??]:
Here is for you
היי hyy: be; ל־ l-: to; ־ך -k: you
הילך hylk
היי hyy: be; ל־ l-: to; ־ך -k: you
Here is for you
a description [of him],
אין ˀyn: qualify, describe, report, real character
יין yyn
יין yyn: wine
wine [from a second tithe??],
[now] give
נתן ntn: give
ותן wtn
נתן ntn: give
[now] give
to me [in exchange]
לי ly: to me
לי ly
לי ly: to me
to me [in exchange]
silver [money].
סאמני sˀmny: silver
שמן šmn
שמן šmn: oil
oil.
Maaser Sheni 1:1.c
Encrypted: So it remains with all masks. But one may give it as this for that as a careful favor.
Official: So it remains with all tithed produce. But one may give it as this for that as a gift of favor.
So it
כן kn: so
וכן wkn
כן kn: so
So it
remains
שאר šˀr: remain
שאר šˀr
שאר šˀr: remain
remains
[with] all
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
[with] all
masks.
אפר ˀpr: cover, mask, make-up
הפרות hprwt
פרי pry: fruit
[tithed??] produce.
But [one]
אבל ˀbl: but
אבל ˀbl
אבל ˀbl: but
But [one]
may give [it as]
נתן ntn: give
נותנין nwtnyn
נתן ntn: give
may give [it as]
this
זה zh: this, that
זה zh
זה zh: this, that
this
for that
ל־ l-: for; זה zh: this, that
לזה lzh
ל־ l-: for; זה zh: this, that
for that
[as a] careful
מתן mtn: slow, moderate; מתין mtyn: careful
מתנת mtnt
מתן mtn: gift, reward
[as a] gift
favor.
חן ḥn: favor; ־ם -m: (suffix)
חנם ḥnm
חן ḥn: favor; ־ם -m: (suffix)
of favor.
Informants among the subjects may only be revealed when they’re abandoned.
Maaser Sheni 1:2.a
Encrypted: An informant among the servant cattle, one may not make known him when he is still covered up and showing, and not when he is still mingling with the people of the community or the oppressed, and one may not bring about with him that he is looked at.
Official: Tithed cattle of second tithe, one may not sell it when it is still unblemished and alive, and not when it possesses a blemish, either alive or slaughtered, and one may not betroth with it as dowry a woman.
An informant
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
Tithed
[among] the servant cattle,
בהם bhm: dumb, servant
בהמה bhmh
בהמה bhmh: beast, cattle
cattle [of second tithe?],
[one may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[one may] not
make known
מכר mkr: known, recognized, made acquainted
מוכרין mwkryn
מכר mkr: sell
sell
him
אתו ˀtw: to him
אותו ˀwtw
אתו ˀtw: to him
it
[when he is still] covered up
טמם ṭmm: covered up
תמים tmym
תמים tmym: unblemished, complete, perfect
[when it is still] unblemished
and showing,
חוי ḥwy: show, display, appear
חי ḥy
חי ḥy: alive
and alive,
and not
לא lˀ: not
ולא wlˀ
לא lˀ: not
and not
[when he is still] mingling with
בלע blˁ: confusion, mingle with
בעל bˁl
בעל bˁl: possess
[when it] possesses
the people
עמים ˁmym: people
מום mwm
מום mwm: blemish, defect, fault
a blemish,
of the community
חיה ḥyh: tribe, community
חי ḥy
חי ḥy: alive
[either] alive
or the oppressed,
שחט šḥṭ: squeeze, press out
ושחוט wšḥwṭ
שחט šḥṭ: slaughter
or slaughtered,
and [one may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
ואין wˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
and [one may] not
bring about
מ־ m-: of; גדש gdš: bring about, accident
מקדשין mqdšyn
מ־ m-: of; קדש qdš: holy, betroth
betroth
with him
ב־ b-: with; ־ו -w: him
בו bw
ב־ b-: with; ־ו -w: him
with it [as dowry??]
[that he] is looked at [?].
שעה šˁh: look, gaze at
האשה hˀšh
אשה ˀšh: woman
a woman.
Maaser Sheni 1:2.b
Encrypted: Only an abandoned informant, one may make known him when he is still covered up and showing, and when he is still mingling with the people of the community or the oppressed, and one may bring about with him that he is looked at.
Official: A firstborn animal: One may sell it when it is still unblemished and alive, and when it possesses a blemish, alive or slaughtered, and one may betroth with it as dowry a woman.
[Only] an abandoned [informant],
בקר bqr: inquired into, abandoned
הבכור hbkwr
בכר bkr: firstborn
A firstborn [animal]:
[one may] make known
מכר mkr: known, recognized, made acquainted
מוכרין mwkryn
מכר mkr: sell
[One may] sell
him
אתו ˀtw: to him
אותו ˀwtw
אתו ˀtw: to him
it
[when he is still] covered up
טמם ṭmm: covered up
תמים tmym
תמים tmym: unblemished, complete, perfect
[when it is still] unblemished
and showing,
חוי ḥwy: show, display, appear
חי ḥy
חי ḥy: alive
and alive,
and [when he is still] mingling with
בלע blˁ: confusion, mingle with
ובעל wbˁl
בעל bˁl: possess
and [when it] possesses
the people
עמים ˁmym: people
מום mwm
מום mwm: blemish, defect, fault
a blemish,
of the community
חיה ḥyh: tribe, community
חי ḥy
חי ḥy: alive
alive
or the oppressed,
שחט šḥṭ: squeeze, press out
ושחוט wšḥwṭ
שחט šḥṭ: slaughter
or slaughtered,
and [one may] bring about
מ־ m-: of; גדש gdš: bring about, accident
ומקדשין wmqdšyn
מ־ m-: of; קדש qdš: holy, betroth
and [one may] betroth
with him
ב־ b-: with; ־ו -w: him
בו bw
ב־ b-: with; ־ו -w: him
with it [as dowry??]
[that he] is looked at [?].
שעה šˁh: look, gaze at
האשה hˀšh
אשה ˀšh: woman
a woman.
Recruiting informants
Informants mustn’t be recruited in open, uncontrolled meetings.
Maaser Sheni 1:2.d
Encrypted: Not may one recruit an informant in disguise at an open meeting, and not at a location which is not exclusive, and not at a meeting which is not in one’s control.
Official: Not may one redeem the tithe second on unminted silver, and not on printed coins which are not for expenses, and not on small change money which is not in one’s possession.
Not [may one]
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
Not [may]
recruit
מ־ m-: of; חיל ḥyl: recruit, enlist
מחללין mḥllyn
מ־ m-: of; חלל ḥll: redeem
[one] redeem
an informant
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
the tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
at
על ˁl: at
על ˁl
על ˁl: on, against
on
an [open] meeting,
זמן zmn: gather, assemble, meet
אסימון ˀsymwn
סאמני sˀmny: silver
[unminted?] silver,
and not
לא lˀ: not
ולא wlˀ
לא lˀ: not
and not
at
על ˁl: at
על ˁl
על ˁl: on, against
on
a location
מותב mwtb: seat, setting, site, locality
המטבע hmṭbˁ
מטבע mṭbˁ: imprint, coin
printed coins
which is not
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
שאינו šˀynw
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
which are not
exclusive,
יצא yṣˀ: exclude, excluded, exempt
יוצא ywṣˀ
יציאה yṣyˀh: expense, ready money; יצא yṣˀ: spend
for expenses [??],
and not
לא lˀ: not
ולא wlˀ
לא lˀ: not
and not
at
על ˁl: at
על ˁl
על ˁl: on, against
on
a meeting
מועד mwˁd: appointed place, place of meeting
המעות hmˁwt
מעות mˁwt: small change, money
small change money
which is not
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
שאינן šˀynn
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: not
which is not
in [one’s] control.
ב־ b-: in; רשות ršwt: power, control
ברשותו bršwtw
ב־ b-: in; רשות ršwt: property, ownership
in [one’s] possession [??].
Maaser Sheni 1:3.a
Encrypted: If one acquires one of the servant cattle for being a watchman in secret, or one of the community for announcing things in mockery, then can turn out the meeting as perforated, even though when the meeting was guaranteed to be secure.
Official: If one buys cattle of second tithe for a sacrifice complete, or a wild beast for the meat just out of appetite, then comes out the hide as profaned, even though the value of the skin can be greater than that of the meat.
[If one] acquires
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
הלוקח hlwqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[If one] buys
[one of] the servant cattle
בהם bhm: dumb, servant
בהמה bhmh
בהמה bhmh: beast, cattle
cattle [of second tithe?]
for [being] a watchman
ל־ l-: for; צופה ṣwph: watchman; צפיה ṣpyh: observation
לזבחי lzbḥy
ל־ l-: for; זבח zbḥ: slaughter, sacrifice
for a sacrifice
in secret,
ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: secret, hidden
שלמים šlmym
שלם šlm: complete
complete,
or
או ˀw: or
או ˀw
או ˀw: or
or
[one of] the community
חיה ḥyh: tribe, community
חיה ḥyh
חיה ḥyh: animal, beast
a [wild] beast
for announcing [things]
ל־ l-: for; בשר bšr: announce; בסר bsr: announce, proclaim
לבשר lbšr
ל־ l-: for; בשר bšr: flesh, meat
for the meat
in mockery,
תועה twˁh: going astray, confusion; תעע tˁˁ: deceive, mock
תאוה tˀwh
תאוה tˀwh: appetite
[just out of] appetite,
[then can] turn out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצא yṣˀ
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
[then] comes out
the meeting
אורע ˀwrˁ: meeting
העור hˁwr
עור ˁwr: skin, hide
the hide
as perforated,
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned,
even though [when]
אף על פי ˀp ˁl py: although
אף על פי ˀp ˁl py
אף על פי ˀp ˁl py: although
even though
the meeting
ש־ š-: which; אורע ˀwrˁ: meeting
שהעור šhˁwr
ש־ š-: which; עור ˁwr: skin, hide
the [value of?] the skin
was guaranteed
מ־ m-: of; ערב ˁrb: guarantee, security
מרבה mrbh
מ־ m-: of; רבה rbh: great, more
[can] be greater
to
על ˁl: to
על ˁl
על ˁl: than
than
be secure.
בשורר bšwrr: securely
הבשר hbšr
בשר bšr: flesh, meat
[that of] the meat.
Maaser Sheni 1:3.b
Encrypted: When a watchman is secret, in a place where it is customary to make known secrets, then may come out the acquisition as perforated. For spies and watchers may come out their shells as perforated.
Official: When wine is sealed, in a place where it is customary to sell it sealed, then come out the wine-vessels as profaned. For nuts and almonds come out their shells as profaned.
When
כדי kdy: when
כדי kdy
כדי kdy: when
When
a watchman
עין ˁyn: eye, watch, guard
יין yyn
יין yyn: wine
wine
is secret,
סתם stm: concealed; סתים stym: secret
סתומות stwmwt
סתם stm: stop up, close, sealed
is sealed,
[in] a place
מקום mqwm: place
מקום mqwm
מקום mqwm: place
[in] a place
where it is customary
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
שדרכן šdrkn
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
where it is customary
to make known
ל־ l-: to; מכר mkr: known, recognized, made acquainted
למכר lmkr
ל־ l-: to; מכר mkr: sell
to sell [it]
secrets,
סתם stm: concealed; סתים stym: secret
סתומות stwmwt
סתם stm: stop up, close, sealed
sealed,
[then may] come out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצא yṣˀ
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
[then] come out
the acquisition
קנין qnyn: creature, acquisition
קנקן qnqn
קנקן qnqn: wine-vessel
the wine-vessels
as perforated.
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned.
[For] spies
גשש gšš: scout, spy
האגוזים hˀgwzym
אגוז ˀgwz: nut
[For] nuts
and watchers
שקד šqd: watch, keep watch
והשקדים whšqdym
שקד šqd: almond
and almonds
[may] come out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצאו yṣˀw
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
come out
their shells
קלפה qlph: peel, shell
קלפיהם qlpyhm
קלפה qlph: peel, shell
their shells
as perforated.
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned.
A cover must be invented before an informer is acquired.
Maaser Sheni 1:3.c
Encrypted: As for the cover, while it has not been invented one may not acquire with a contract an informer. When it has been invented, one may acquire with a contract the informer.
Official: As for inferior wine, while it has not fermented, it may not be acquired with money of the second tithe. When it has fermented, one may acquire it with money of the second tithe.
[As for] the cover,
טמט ṭmṭ: hide; טמם ṭmm: covered up
התמד htmd
תמד tmd: inferior wine, vinegar
[As for] inferior wine,
while
עד ˁd: while, until
עד ˁd
עד ˁd: while, until
while
it has not
ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
שלא šlˀ
ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
it has not
been invented
המצאה hmṣˀh: invention; המס hms: think, plan
החמיץ hḥmyṣ
חמץ ḥmṣ: ferment, sour
fermented,
[one may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אינו ˀynw
אין ˀyn: no, not
[it may] not
acquire
נ־ n-: make; לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
נלקח nlqḥ
נ־ n-: make; לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
be acquired
with a contract
ב־ b-: with; כפס kps: bind, contract
בכסף bksp
ב־ b-: with; כסף ksp: silver, money
with money
an informer.
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
of the [second] tithe.
When it has been invented,
מ־ m-: from; ש־ š-: which; המצאה hmṣˀh: invention; המס hms: think, plan
ומשהחמיץ wmšhḥmyṣ
מ־ m-: from; ש־ š-: which; חמץ ḥmṣ: ferment, sour
When it has fermented,
[one may] acquire
נ־ n-: make; לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
נלקח nlqḥ
נ־ n-: make; לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[one may] acquire [it]
with a contract
ב־ b-: with; כפס kps: bind, contract
בכסף bksp
ב־ b-: with; כסף ksp: silver, money
with money
the informer.
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
of the [second] tithe.
The acquisition meetings mustn’t be infiltrated, only nobles & agents are allowed.
Maaser Sheni 1:4.a
Encrypted: If one acquires one of the community for being a watchman in secret, or one of the servant cattle for announcing things in mockery, then must not come out the meeting as perforated.
Official: If one acquires a wild beast for a sacrifice complete, for the meat just out of appetite, then does not come out the skin as profaned.
[If one] acquires
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
הלוקח hlwqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[If one] acquires
[one of] the community
חיה ḥyh: tribe, community
חיה ḥyh
חיה ḥyh: animal, beast
a [wild] beast
for [being] a watchman
ל־ l-: for; צופה ṣwph: watchman; צפיה ṣpyh: observation
לזבחי lzbḥy
ל־ l-: to; זבח zbḥ: slaughter, sacrifice
for a sacrifice
in secret,
ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: secret, hidden
שלמים šlmym
שלם šlm: complete
complete,
[or one of] the servant cattle
בהם bhm: dumb, servant
בהמה bhmh
בהמה bhmh: beast, cattle
for announcing [things]
ל־ l-: for; בשר bšr: announce; בסר bsr: announce, proclaim
לבשר lbšr
ל־ l-: for; בשר bšr: flesh, meat
for the meat
in mockery,
תועה twˁh: going astray, confusion; תעע tˁˁ: deceive, mock
תאוה tˀwh
תאוה tˀwh: appetite
[just out of] appetite,
[then must] not
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[then does] not
come out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצא yṣˀ
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
come out
the meeting
אורע ˀwrˁ: meeting
העור hˁwr
עור ˁwr: skin, hide
the skin
as perforated.
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned.
Maaser Sheni 1:4.b
Encrypted: When a watchman is acquired openly or secretly, in a place where it is customary to acquire them openly, then does not come out the acquisition as perforated.
Official: When wine is open or sealed, in a place where it is customary to sell it open, then do not come out the wine-vessels as profaned.
When
כדי kdy: when
כדי kdy
כדי kdy: when
When
a watchman
עין ˁyn: eye, watch, guard
יין yyn
יין yyn: wine
wine
is [acquired] openly
פתח ptḥ: open
פתוחות ptwḥwt
פתח ptḥ: open
is open
or
או ˀw: or
או ˀw
או ˀw: or
or
secretly,
סתם stm: concealed; סתים stym: secret
סתומות stwmwt
סתם stm: stop up, close, sealed
sealed,
[in] a place
מקום mqwm: place
מקום mqwm
מקום mqwm: place
[in] a place
where it is customary
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
שדרכן šdrkn
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
where it is customary
to acquire [them]
ל־ l-: to; מכר mkr: acquire
למכר lmkr
ל־ l-: to; מכר mkr: sell
to sell [it]
openly,
פתח ptḥ: open
פתוחות ptwḥwt
פתח ptḥ: open
open,
[then does] not
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[then do] not
come out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצא yṣˀ
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
come out
the acquisition
קנין qnyn: creature, acquisition
קנקן qnqn
קנקן qnqn: wine-vessel
the wine-vessels
as perforated.
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned.
Maaser Sheni 1:4.c
Encrypted: If only those of nobility and those of their agents are meeting together with the newly summoned, then does not come out the disguise of the assembly as perforated.
Official: If baskets of olives or baskets of grapes are sold together with the vessel, then does not come out the value of the vessel as profaned.
[If only those] of
של šl: belonging to, of
סלי sly
סל sl: basket
[If] baskets
nobility
זהיותא zhywtˀ: nobility; זיותן zywtn: distinguished, noble, imposing
זיתים zytym
זית zyt: olive
of olives
and [those] of
של šl: belonging to, of
וסלי wsly
סל sl: basket
or baskets
[their] agents [are meeting]
נאיב nˀyb: deputy, agent
ענבים ˁnbym
ענב ˁnb: grape
of grapes [are sold]
together with
עם ˁm: together with
עם ˁm
עם ˁm: together with
together with
the [newly] summoned,
קהל qhl: assemble, call, summon into group
הכלי hkly
כלי kly: thing, object, vessel
the vessel,
[then does] not
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[then does] not
come out
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
יצאו yṣˀw
יצא yṣˀ: go out, come out
come out
the disguise
דמי dmy: resemble, disguise
דמי dmy
דמי dmy: value
the value
of the assembly
קהל qhl: assembly, gathering
הכלי hkly
כלי kly: thing, object, vessel
of the vessel
as perforated.
ל־ l-: to; חלון ḥlwn: perforation; חולן ḥwln: crack
לחלין lḥlyn
ל־ l-: to; חלין ḥlyn: profane
as profaned.
People too close to the crowds are not good informants, special care is needed.
Maaser Sheni 1:5.a
Encrypted: If one acquires people or speakers, or one of the crowds that is still joined to the bottom-level subjects, or one of the crowds that is not able to reach a secret meeting, then one has not acquired a proper informant.
Official: If one acquires water or salt, or produce that is still joined to the ground, or produce that is not able to reach Jerusalem, then one has not acquired produce fit for the second tithe.
[If one] acquires
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
הלוקח hlwqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[If one] acquires
people
עמים ˁmym: people
מים mym
מים mym: water
water
or speakers [??],
מלה mlh: word, speech
ומלח wmlḥ
מלח mlḥ: salt
or salt,
or [one of] the crowds
פריא pryˀ: plenty, in large number, in crowd
ופרות wprwt
פרי pry: fruit, produce
or produce
that is [still] joined
מ־ m-: of; חבר ḥbr: join
המחברים hmḥbrym
מ־ m-: of; חבר ḥbr: join
that is [still] joined
to the bottom-level [subjects],
ל־ l-: to; קרקע qrqˁ: ground, floor, bottom
לקרקע lqrqˁ
ל־ l-: to; קרקע qrqˁ: ground, floor, bottom
to the ground,
or
או ˀw: or
או ˀw
או ˀw: or
or
[one of] the crowds
פריא pryˀ: plenty, in large number, in crowd
פרות prwt
פרי pry: fruit, produce
produce
that is not
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: no, not
שאינן šˀynn
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: no, not
that is not
able
יכל ykl: can, able
יכולין ykwlyn
יכל ykl: can, able
able
to reach
ל־ l-: to; נגע ngˁ: arrive, reach
להגיע lhgyˁ
ל־ l-: to; נגע ngˁ: arrive, reach
to reach
a secret meeting,
ל־ l-: to; אירוע ˀyrwˁ: meeting; ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: hidden
לירושלים lyrwšlym
ל־ l-: to; ירושלים yrwšlym: Jerusalem
Jerusalem,
[then one has?] not
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[then one has?] not
acquired
קנה qnh: buy, acquire
קנה qnh
קנה qnh: buy, acquire
acquired
a [proper] informant.
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
[produce fit for the second?] tithe.
Maaser Sheni 1:5.b
Encrypted: If one acquires such a person of the crowds unintentionally, then must be returned the person to his former place. If it was planned, he must be taken up and enclosed immediately in some secure place. And when there is no incident, he may join.
Official: If one acquires such produce unintentionally, then must be returned the value to its former place. If it was planned, it must be taken up and consumed immediately in some holy place. And when there is no temple, it must be left to rot.
[If one] acquires
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
הלוקח hlwqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[If one] acquires
[such a person of] the crowds
פריא pryˀ: plenty, in large number, in crowd
פרות prwt
פרי pry: fruit, produce
[such] produce
unintentionally,
שוגג šwgg: erring, unintentionally
שוגג šwgg
שוגג šwgg: erring, unintentionally
unintentionally,
[then must] be returned
חזר ḥzr: return, retract, restore
יחזרו yḥzrw
חזר ḥzr: return, retract, restore
[then must] be returned
the person
אדם ˀdm: man, human
דמים dmym
דמי dmy: value
the value
to his [former] place.
ל־ l-: to; מקום mqwm: place
למקומן lmqwmn
ל־ l-: to; מקום mqwm: place
to its [former] place.
[If it] was planned,
מזיד mzyd: wilful; מ־ m-: of; זיד zyd: plan
מזיד mzyd
מזיד mzyd: wilful; מ־ m-: of; זיד zyd: plan
[If it] was planned,
[he must] be taken up
עלה ˁlh: take up
יעלו yˁlw
עלה ˁlh: take up
[it must] be taken up
and enclosed [immediately]
כלא klˀ: enclose, withhold, restrain
ויאכלו wyˀklw
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
and consumed [immediately]
in [some secure?] place.
ב־ b-: in; מקום mqwm: place
במקום bmqwm
ב־ b-: in; מקום mqwm: place
in [some holy?] place.
And when
אם ˀm: if, when
ואם wˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
And when
[there is] no
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[there is] no
incident,
מ־ m-: of; גדש gdš: happen, accident; גדשא gdšˀ: incident, event
מקדש mqdš
מקדש mqdš: temple; מ־ m-: of; קדש qdš: holy
temple,
he [may] join.
רכב rkb: join, put on, attached
ירקבו yrqbw
רקב rqb: rot, decay
[it must be left] to rot [??].
Maaser Sheni 1:6.a
Encrypted: If one acquires one of the servant cattle unintentionally, then must be returned the person to his former place. If it was planned, he must be taken up and enclosed immediately in some secure place. And when there is no incident, he can be hidden through his new skin.
Official: If one acquires cattle of second tithe, unintentionally, then must be returned the value to its former place. If it was planned, it must be taken up and consumed immediately in some holy place. And when there is no temple, it must be buried with its skin.
[If one] acquires
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
הלוקח hlwqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[If one] acquires
[one of] the servant cattle
בהם bhm: dumb, servant
בהמה bhmh
בהמה bhmh: beast, cattle
cattle [of second tithe?],
unintentionally,
שוגג šwgg: erring, unintentionally
שוגג šwgg
שוגג šwgg: erring, unintentionally
unintentionally,
[then must] be returned
חזר ḥzr: return, retract, restore
יחזרו yḥzrw
חזר ḥzr: return, retract, restore
[then must] be returned
the person
אדם ˀdm: man, human
דמיה dmyh
דמי dmy: value
the value
to his [former] place.
ל־ l-: to; מקום mqwm: place
למקומן lmqwmn
ל־ l-: to; מקום mqwm: place
to its [former] place.
[If it] was planned,
מזיד mzyd: wilful; מ־ m-: of; זיד zyd: plan
מזיד mzyd
מזיד mzyd: wilful; מ־ m-: of; זיד zyd: plan
[If it] was planned,
[he must] be taken up
עלה ˁlh: take up, take away
תעלה tˁlh
עלה ˁlh: take up, take away
[it must] be taken up
and enclosed [immediately]
כלא klˀ: enclose, withhold, restrain
ותאכל wtˀkl
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
and consumed [immediately]
in [some secure?] place.
ב־ b-: in; מקום mqwm: place
במקום bmqwm
ב־ b-: in; מקום mqwm: place
in [some holy?] place.
And when
אם ˀm: if, when
ואם wˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
And when
[there is] no
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[there is] no
incident,
מ־ m-: of; גדש gdš: happen, accident; גדשא gdšˀ: incident, event
מקדש mqdš
מקדש mqdš: temple; מ־ m-: of; קדש qdš: holy
temple,
he can be hidden
קבר qbr: hide
תקבר tqbr
קבר qbr: grave, bury
it must be buried
through
על ידי ˁl ydy: by, via, through
על ידי ˁl ydy
על ידי ˁl ydy: by, via, through
with
his [new] skin.
עור ˁwr: skin, hide
עורה ˁwrh
עור ˁwr: skin, hide
its skin.
Maaser Sheni 1:7.a
Encrypted: One may not acquire regular servants or female servants or bottom level servants or dumb cattle servants that are unfit for a person to be an informer in disguise. And if one has acquired them already, one must cease using them as informers.
Official: One may not acquire slaves or female slaves or land or beasts that are unclean from money for the tithe second. And if one has acquired them already, one must consume their equivalent in value.
[One may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[One may] not
acquire
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
לוקחין lwqḥyn
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
acquire
[regular] servants
עבד ˁbd: servant, slave
עבדים ˁbdym
עבד ˁbd: servant, slave
slaves
or female servants
שפחה špḥh: maid, maidservant, bond-maid
ושפחות wšpḥwt
שפחה špḥh: maid, maidservant, bond-maid
or female slaves
or bottom [level servants]
קרקע qrqˁ: ground, floor, bottom
וקרקעות wqrqˁwt
קרקע qrqˁ: ground, floor, bottom
or land
or dumb cattle servants
בהם bhm: dumb, servant
ובהמה wbhmh
בהמה bhmh: beast, cattle
or beasts
that are unfit
טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
טמאה ṭmˀh
טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
that are unclean
for a person
מ־ m-: for; אדם ˀdm: man, person
מדמי mdmy
מ־ m-: from; דמי dmy: value
from money
[to be] an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
[for] the tithe
in disguise.
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second.
And if
אם ˀm: if, when
ואם wˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
And if
[one] has acquired [them already],
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
לקח lqḥ
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
[one] has acquired [them already],
[one must] cease
כלא klˀ: forbid, cease, restrain
יאכל yˀkl
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[one must] consume
[using them] as informers.
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: guide, leader, inform, informer
כנגדן kngdn
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: equivalent, worth
their equivalent [in value].
People who talk too much mustn’t know the truth, they’re not good informers.
Maaser Sheni 1:7.b
Encrypted: One must not bring the truth to one who is gushing forth secrets, or bring the truth to a woman who is gushing forth secrets, or bring the truth to a childish one, or an easily tempted one, or a neglectful one, for a person to be an informer in disguise. And if one has brought the truth to them already, one must cease using them as informers.
Official: One must not bring a bird-offering to one afflicted with gonorrhea, or bring a bird-offering to a woman afflicted with gonorrhea, or bring a bird-offering to a woman after childbirth, or a sin-offering, or a guilt-offering, from money for the tithe second. And if one has brought the offerings to them already, one must consume their equivalent in value.
[One must] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[One must] not
bring
מ־ m-: of; בוא bwˀ: come, bring
מביאין mbyˀyn
מ־ m-: of; בוא bwˀ: come, bring
bring
the truth
כן kn: honest, true, truthful
קני qny
קן qn: nest, birds in a nest, bird offering
a bird-offering
[to one who] is gushing forth [secrets],
זוב zwb: pierce, flow, gush
זבים zbym
זוב zwb: flux, gonorrhea, hemorrhage
[to one afflicted with] gonorrhea,
or [bring] the truth
כן kn: honest, true, truthful
וקני wqny
קן qn: nest, birds in a nest, bird offering
or [bring] a bird-offering
[to a woman who] is gushing forth [secrets],
זוב zwb: pierce, flow, gush
זבות zbwt
זוב zwb: flux, gonorrhea, hemorrhage
[to a woman afflicted with] gonorrhea,
or [bring] the truth
כן kn: honest, true, truthful
וקני wqny
קן qn: nest, birds in a nest, bird offering
or [bring] a bird-offering
to a childish [one],
ילדות yldwt: childish behavior, childishness, waywardness
יולדות ywldwt
ילדתא yldtˀ: woman in childbirth
to a woman [after] childbirth,
or an [easily] tempted [one],
חטי ḥṭy: sin, be tempted; חוט ḥwṭ: wantonness
חטאות ḥṭˀwt
חטה ḥṭh: sin, sin-offering
or a sin-offering,
or a neglectful [one],
אשם ˀšm: waste, neglect
ואשמות wˀšmwt
אשם ˀšm: guilt, guilt-offering
or a guilt-offering,
for a person
מ־ m-: for; אדם ˀdm: man, person
מדמי mdmy
מ־ m-: from; דמי dmy: value
from money
[to be] an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
[for] the tithe
in disguise.
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second.
And if
אם ˀm: if, when
ואם wˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
And if
[one] has brought [the truth to them already],
בוא bwˀ: come, bring
הביא hbyˀ
בוא bwˀ: come, bring
[one] has brought [the offerings to them already],
[one must] cease
כלא klˀ: forbid, cease, restrain
יאכל yˀkl
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[one must] consume
[using them] as informers.
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: guide, leader, inform, informer
כנגדם kngdm
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: equivalent, worth
their equivalent [in value].
Maaser Sheni 1:7.c
Encrypted: This is the general rule: All which are outside of the permitted recruits for informers and for mockers and for watchmen and have already been recruited for a person to be an informer in disguise, one must cease using them as informers.
Official: This is the general rule: All which is outside of the permitted things for eating and for drinking and for anointing and has already been bought from money for the tithe second, one must consume their equivalent in value.
This [is]
זה zh: this
זה zh
זה zh: this
This [is]
the general rule:
כלל kll: general rule
הכלל hkll
כלל kll: general rule
the general rule:
All
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
All
which
ש־ š-: which; הוא hwˀ: he, it
שהוא šhwˀ
ש־ š-: which; הוא hwˀ: he, it
which
[are] outside [of the permitted recruits]
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside
חוץ ḥwṣ
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside
[is] outside [of the permitted things]
for informers
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: inform against
לאכילה lˀkylh
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
for eating
and for mockers
ל־ l-: for; שטה šṭh: deride, mock
ולשתיה wlštyh
ל־ l-: for; שתה šth: drink
and for drinking
and for watchmen
ל־ l-: for; סכוי skwy: watchman
ולסיכה wlsykh
ל־ l-: for; סוך swk: oil, anoint
and for anointing
[and have already been recruited] for a person
מ־ m-: for; אדם ˀdm: man, person
מדמי mdmy
מ־ m-: from; דמי dmy: value
[and has already been bought] from money
[to be] an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
[for] the tithe
in disguise,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
[one must] cease
כלא klˀ: forbid, cease, restrain
יאכל yˀkl
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[one must] consume
[using them] as informers.
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: guide, leader, inform, informer
כנגדו kngdw
כ־ k-: as, like; נגד ngd: equivalent, worth
their equivalent [in value].
Informants spying on informants
Regular informants must only spy on regular people, not other informants.
Maaser Sheni 2:1.a
Encrypted: An informer in disguise is appointed for informing, and for mockery, and for watching. For informing on things that are customary to inform on, for watching things that are customary to watch:
Official: The tithe second is given for eating, and for drinking, and for anointing. For eating things that are customary to eat, for anointing with things that are customary to anoint with:
An informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
The tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
is appointed
נתן ntn: give, provide, appoint
נתן ntn
נתן ntn: give, provide, appoint
is given
for informing,
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: inform against
לאכילה lˀkylh
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
for eating,
and for mockery,
ל־ l-: for; שטה šṭh: deride, mock
ולשתיה wlštyh
ל־ l-: for; שתה šth: drink
and for drinking,
and for watching.
ל־ l-: for; סכי sky: watch for, look, oversee
ולסיכה wlsykh
ל־ l-: for; סוך swk: oil, anoint
and for anointing.
For informing on
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: inform against
לאכל lˀkl
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
For eating
things
דבר dbr: thing, something
דבר dbr
דבר dbr: thing, something
things
that are customary
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
שדרכו šdrkw
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
that are customary
to inform on,
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: inform against
לאכל lˀkl
ל־ l-: for; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
to eat,
for watching
ל־ l-: for; סכי sky: watch for, look, oversee
לסוך lswk
ל־ l-: for; סוך swk: oil, anoint
for anointing
things
דבר dbr: thing, something
דבר dbr
דבר dbr: thing, something
[with] things
that are customary
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
שדרכו šdrkw
ש־ š-: which; דרך drk: custom, manner
that are customary
to watch:
ל־ l-: for; סכוי skwy: watchman
לסוך lswk
ל־ l-: for; סוך swk: oil, anoint
to anoint [with]:
Maaser Sheni 2:1.b
Encrypted: He may not watch another watcher or a covered person, but he may watch him upon special appointment.
Official: One may not anoint a person with wine or vinegar, but one may anoint him with oil.
[He may] not
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[One may] not
watch
סכי sky: watch for, look, oversee
יסוך yswk
סוך swk: oil, anoint
anoint [a person]
[another] watcher
עין ˁyn: eye, watch, guard
יין yyn
יין yyn: wine
[with] wine
or a covered [person],
מסוה mswh: cover, masked, camouflaged
וחמץ wḥmṣ
חמץ ḥmṣ: ferment, sour, vinegar
or vinegar,
but
אבל ˀbl: but
אבל ˀbl
אבל ˀbl: but
but
[he may] watch
סכי sky: watch for, look, oversee
סך sk
סוך swk: oil, anoint
[one may] anoint
him
הוא hwˀ: he, it
הוא hwˀ
הוא hwˀ: he, it
him
upon
את ˀt: to
את ˀt
את ˀt: to
with
[special] appointment.
זמן zmn: appoint, arrange
השמן hšmn
שמן šmn: fat, oil
oil.
Regular informants mustn’t spy on the recruiting of other informants.
Maaser Sheni 2:1.c
Encrypted: One may not internally mask the appointment itself of an informer in disguise, and one may not acquire him with a person who is a low-level informer in disguise himself to appoint him while masked. But one may mask with him one’s real character.
Official: One may not spice oil of the tithe second, and one may not acquire with money for the tithe second any oil that was spiced. But one may spice with it wine.
[One may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[One may] not
[internally?] mask
מ־ m-: of; פדם pdm: face covering, mask; פדאמי pdˀmy: masks
מפטמין mpṭmyn
מ־ m-: of; פטם pṭm: pound, mix spices
spice
the appointment [itself?]
זמן zmn: appoint, arrange
שמן šmn
שמן šmn: fat, oil
oil
of
של šl: belonging to, of
של šl
של šl: belonging to, of
of
an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
the tithe
in disguise,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
and [one may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
ואין wˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
and [one may] not
acquire [him]
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
לוקחין lwqḥyn
לקח lqḥ: buy, acquire
acquire
with a person
ב־ b-: with; אדם ˀdm: man, person
בדמי bdmy
ב־ b-: with; דמי dmy: value
with money
[who is a low-level?] informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
[for] the tithe
in disguise [himself?]
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
to appoint [him]
זמן zmn: appoint, arrange
שמן šmn
שמן šmn: fat, oil
[any] oil
[while] masked.
מ־ m-: of; פדם pdm: face covering, mask
מפטם mpṭm
מ־ m-: of; פטם pṭm: pound, mix spices
that was spiced.
But
אבל ˀbl: but
אבל ˀbl
אבל ˀbl: but
But
[one may] mask
מ־ m-: of; פדם pdm: face covering, mask; פדאמי pdˀmy: masks
מפטם mpṭm
מ־ m-: of; פטם pṭm: pound, mix spices
[one may] spice
[with] him
הוא hwˀ: he, it
הוא hwˀ
הוא hwˀ: he, it
[with] it
את ˀt: to
את ˀt
את ˀt: to
[one’s?] real character.
אין ˀyn: qualify, describe, report, real character
היין hyyn
יין yyn: wine
wine.
If newly recruited informants are spied on, it’s only by special arrangement.
Maaser Sheni 2:1.d
Encrypted: If turn up by coincidence in middle of the meeting some mockers or confusers to spy on the new recruit then this spying must be specially arranged for the newly recruited spy.
Official: If fall by coincidence into the middle of the wine honey or spices and improve it, then the improvement in tithing is according to the improvement in value.
[If] turn up [by coincidence]
נפל npl: befall, happen, occur
נפל npl
נפל npl: fall
[If] fall [by coincidence?]
in middle [of the meeting]
ל־ l-: into; תוך twk: middle
לתוכו ltwkw
ל־ l-: into; תוך twk: middle
into the middle [of the wine?]
[some] mockers [??]
ד־ d-: of; בסא bsˀ: mock, scorn
דבש dbš
דבש dbš: honey
honey
or confusers [??]
תבל tbl: mixture, confusion
ותבלין wtblyn
תבל tbl: spice
or spices
to spy [on the new recruit?]
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
והשביחו whšbyḥw
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
and improve [it],
[then] this spying
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
השבח hšbḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
[then] the improvement [in tithing?]
[must] be [specially] arranged for
לפי lpy: join, arrange
לפי lpy
לפי lpy: according to
is according to
the [newly recruited] spy.
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
חשבון ḥšbwn
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
the improvement [in value].
Maaser Sheni 2:1.e
Encrypted: If a watchman was hired with the procurement of another informer in disguise, and he is spied on, then this spying must be specially arranged for the newly recruited spy.
Official: If fish was cooked with leek of tithe second, and was improved, then the improvement in tithing is according to the improvement in value.
[If] a watchman
דק dq: thin curtain; דיק dyq: watchman
דגים dgym
דג dg: fish
[If] fish
was hired
ש־ š-: which; ב־ b-: for; שאל šˀl: ask, hire out, solicit
שנתבשלו šntbšlw
ש־ š-: which; בשל bšl: cook
was cooked
with
עם ˁm: together with
עם ˁm
עם ˁm: together with
with
the procurement
קבולא qbwlˀ: obtain, acquire, procure
הקפלוטות hqplwṭwt
קפלוט qplwṭ: kephalotos, leek
leek
of
של šl: belonging to, of
של šl
של šl: belonging to, of
of
[another] informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
tithe
in disguise,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
and he is spied on,
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
והשביחו whšbyḥw
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
and was improved,
[then] this spying
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
השבח hšbḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
[then] the improvement [in tithing?]
[must] be [specially] arranged for
לפי lpy: join, arrange
לפי lpy
לפי lpy: according to
is according to
the [newly recruited] spy.
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
חשבון ḥšbwn
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
the improvement [in value].
The spying on informants and their wives must be specially disguised, or they’ll detect it.
Maaser Sheni 2:1.f
Encrypted: If the wife of an informer in disguise is beautiful, and she is spied upon, then all of this spying must be disguised.
Official: If dough of tithe second was baked, and was improved, then all of the improved value must be second tithe.
[If] the wife
אשה ˀšh: woman, wife
עסה ˁsh
עסה ˁsh: dough
[If] dough
of
של šl: belonging to, of
של šl
של šl: belonging to, of
of
an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
is beautiful,
ש־ š-: which; פאי pˀy: beautiful; יפה yph: beautiful
שאפאה šˀpˀh
ש־ š-: make; אפה ˀph: bake
was baked,
and she is spied upon,
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
והשביח whšbyḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
and was improved,
[then all of] this spying
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
השבח hšbḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
[then all of] the improved [value]
[must be] disguised.
ל־ l-: to; שני šny: disguise
לשני lšny
ל־ l-: to; שני šny: second
[must be] second [tithe].
Maaser Sheni 2:1.g
Encrypted: This is the general rule: For all which know about the ubiquitous spying, they can only by special arrangement be spied upon. For all which are not spies knowing about it, all of the spying is disguised anyway.
Official: This is the general rule: For all which has a recognizable improvement, the tithing is according to the improvement in value. For all which do not have any improvement that is recognizable, all of the improved value is second tithe.
This [is]
זה zh: this
זה zh
זה zh: this
This [is]
the general rule:
כלל kll: general rule
הכלל hkll
כלל kll: general rule
the general rule:
[For] all
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
[For] all
which
ש־ š-: which; צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
ששבחו ššbḥw
ש־ š-: which; שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
which
know about
נכר nkr: know, recognize
נכר nkr
נכר nkr: know, recognize
[has] a recognizable
the [ubiquitous] spying,
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
השבח hšbḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
improvement,
[they can only by special] arrangement
לפי lpy: join, arrange
לפי lpy
לפי lpy: according to
[the tithing] is according to
be spied upon.
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
החשבון hḥšbwn
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
the improvement [in value].
[For] all
כל kl: all
וכל wkl
כל kl: all
[For] all
which [are] not
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: no, not
שאין šˀyn
ש־ š-: which; אין ˀyn: no, not
which [do] not
spies
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
שבחו šbḥw
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
[have any] improvement
knowing [about it?],
נכר nkr: know, recognize
נכר nkr
נכר nkr: know, recognize
that is recognizable,
[all of] the spying
צפה ṣph: watch, observe, spy
השבח hšbḥ
שבח šbḥ: improvement, advantage
[all of] the improved [value]
is disguised [anyway?].
ל־ l-: to; שני šny: disguise
לשני lšny
ל־ l-: to; שני šny: second
is second [tithe].
Spying on informants themselves is generally stricter than hoaxing.
Maaser Sheni 2:2.a
Encrypted: Lord Shimon says: One may not spy on the persons doing the appointing of an informer in disguise in a secret meeting. But the advisors permit it.
Official: Rabbi Shimon says: One may not anoint a person with oil of tithe second in Jerusalem. But the advisors permit it.
Lord
רב rb: lord, master, noble
רבי rby
רבי rby: rabbi
Rabbi
Shimon
שמעון šmˁwn: Shimon
שמעון šmˁwn
שמעון šmˁwn: Shimon
Shimon
says:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומר ˀwmr
אמר ˀmr: say
says:
[One may] not
אין ˀyn: no, not
אין ˀyn
אין ˀyn: no, not
[One may] not
spy [on the persons]
סכי sky: watch for, look, oversee; ־ן -n: (suffix)
סכין skyn
סוך swk: oil, anoint; ־ן -n: (suffix)
anoint [a person]
[doing?] the appointing
זמן zmn: appoint, arrange, summon
שמן šmn
שמן šmn: fat, oil
[with] oil
of
של šl: belonging to, of
של šl
של šl: belonging to, of
of
an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
in a secret meeting.
ב־ b-: in; אירוע ˀyrwˁ: meeting; ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: hidden
בירושלים byrwšlym
ב־ b-: in; ירושלים yrwšlym: Jerusalem
in Jerusalem.
But the advisors
חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
וחכמים wḥkmym
חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
But the advisors
permit [it].
מ־ m-: of; נתר ntr: permit
מתירין mtyryn
מ־ m-: of; נתר ntr: permit
permit [it].
Maaser Sheni 2:2.b
Encrypted: They said to lord Shimon: If there is a lenient rule on all-out hoaxes, which are a stricter matter, should there not also be a lenient rule on informants in disguise, which are a lighter matter?
Official: They said to rabbi Shimon: If there is a lenient rule on gift-offerings to priests, which are a stricter matter, should there not also be a lenient rule on the tithe second, which is a lighter matter?
They said
אמר ˀmr: say
אמרו ˀmrw
אמר ˀmr: say
They said
to
לו lw: to him
לו lw
לו lw: to him
to
lord
ל־ l-: to; רב rb: lord, master, noble
לרבי lrby
ל־ l-: to; רבי rby: rabbi
rabbi
Shimon:
שמעון šmˁwn: Shimon
שמעון šmˁwn
שמעון šmˁwn: Shimon
Shimon:
If [there is]
אם ˀm: if, when
אם ˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
If [there is]
a lenient rule
קל ql: light, lenient rule
הקל hql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
a lenient rule
on [all-out] hoaxes,
ב־ b-: on; תרמה trmh: deceit; תרמית trmyt: fraud, hoax
בתרומה btrwmh
ב־ b-: on; תרומה trwmh: gift; תרומת trwmt: offering
on gift-offerings [to priests],
[which are] a stricter [matter],
חמור ḥmwr: strict
חמורה ḥmwrh
חמור ḥmwr: strict
[which are] a stricter [matter],
[should there] not [also be]
לא lˀ: not
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: not
[should there] not [also be]
a lenient rule
קל ql: light, lenient rule
נקל nql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
a lenient rule
on informants
ב־ b-: with; מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
במעשר bmˁšr
ב־ b-: on; מעשר mˁšr: tithe
on the tithe
in disguise,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
[which are a] lighter [matter]?
קל ql: light, lenient rule
הקל hql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
[which is a] lighter [matter]?
Maaser Sheni 2:2.c
Encrypted: He said to them: What? No, if there is a lenient rule on all-out hoaxes, which are a stricter matter, then it’s because we have lenient rules there on informing and on mockery, but how can there be a lenient rule on informers in disguise, which is a lighter matter, if there is no lenient rule here on informing and on mockery?
Official: He said to them: What? No, if there is a lenient rule on gift-offerings to priests, which are a stricter matter, then it’s because we have lenient rules there on vetches and on fenugreek, but how can there be a lenient rule on the tithe second, which is a lighter matter, if there is no lenient rule here on vetches and on fenugreek?
He said
אמר ˀmr: say
אמר ˀmr
אמר ˀmr: say
He said
to them:
להם lhm: to them
להם lhm
להם lhm: to them
to them:
What?
מה mh: what
מה mh
מה mh: what
What?
No,
לא lˀ: no
לא lˀ
לא lˀ: no
No,
if [there is]
אם ˀm: if, when
אם ˀm
אם ˀm: if, when
if [there is]
a lenient rule
קל ql: light, lenient rule
הקל hql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
a lenient rule
on [all-out] hoaxes,
ב־ b-: on; תרמה trmh: deceit; תרמית trmyt: fraud, hoax
בתרומה btrwmh
ב־ b-: on; תרומה trwmh: gift; תרומת trwmt: offering
on gift-offerings [to priests],
[which are] a stricter
חמור ḥmwr: strict
החמורה hḥmwrh
חמור ḥmwr: strict
[which are] a stricter
matter,
מקמה mqmh: matter, issue
מקום mqwm
מקמה mqmh: matter, issue
matter,
[then it’s] because [we have] lenient rules [there]
ש־ š-: for, the fact that; קל ql: light, lenient rule
שהקל šhql
ש־ š-: for, the fact that; קל ql: light, lenient rule
[then it’s] because [we have] lenient rules [there]
on informing
ב־ b-: on; קרץ qrṣ: inform against, informer; ־ן -n: (suffix)
בכרשינים bkršynym
ב־ b-: on; כרשינה kršynh: vetch, horse-bean
on vetches
and on mockery,
ב־ b-: on; תלתל tltl: deride; תהללותא thllwtˀ: mockery; ־ן -n: (suffix)
ובתלתן wbtltn
ב־ b-: on; תלתן tltn: curly plant, fenugrec; תלתל tltl: curl
and on fenugreek,
[but how can there be?] a lenient rule
קל ql: light, lenient rule
נקל nql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
[but how can there be?] a lenient rule
on informers
ב־ b-: with; מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
במעשר bmˁšr
ב־ b-: on; מעשר mˁšr: tithe
on the tithe
in disguise,
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second,
[which is a] lighter
קל ql: light, lenient rule
הקל hql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
[which is a] lighter
matter,
מקמה mqmh: matter, issue
מקום mqwm
מקמה mqmh: matter, issue
matter,
[if there is] no
ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
שלא šlˀ
ש־ š-: which; לא lˀ: not
[if there is] no
lenient rule [here]
ב־ b-: on; קרץ qrṣ: inform against, informer; ־ן -n: (suffix)
הקל hql
קל ql: light, lenient rule
lenient rule [here]
on informing
ב־ b-: on; קרץ qrṣ: inform against, informer; ־ן -n: (suffix)
בכרשינים bkršynym
ב־ b-: on; כרשינה kršynh: vetch, horse-bean
on vetches
and on mockery?
ב־ b-: on; תלתל tltl: deride; תהללותא thllwtˀ: mockery; ־ן -n: (suffix)
ובתלתן wbtltn
ב־ b-: on; תלתן tltn: curly plant, fenugrec; תלתל tltl: curl
and on fenugreek?
Whether informants themselves are deceived or not depends on the school.
Maaser Sheni 2:3.a
Encrypted: The mocking of an informer in disguise is prohibited, when he is still growing into his job. And that of all-out hoaxes?
Official: Fenugreek of tithe second may be eaten when it is still growing. And that of gift-offerings to priests?
The mocking
תלתל tltl: deride; תהללותא thllwtˀ: mockery; ־ן -n: (suffix)
תלתן tltn
תלתן tltn: curly plant, fenugrec; תלתל tltl: curl
Fenugreek
of
של šl: belonging to, of
של šl
של šl: belonging to, of
of
an informer
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
is prohibited [?],
כלא klˀ: restrain, forbid, prohibit
תאכל tˀkl
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[may] be eaten
[when he is still] growing [into his job?].
צמח ṣmḥ: sprout, grow, appear
צמחונים ṣmḥwnym
צמח ṣmḥ: sprout, grow, appear
[when it is still] growing.
[And that] of
של šl: belonging to, of
ושל wšl
של šl: belonging to, of
[And that] of
[all-out] hoaxes?
תרמה trmh: deceit; תרמית trmyt: fraud, hoax
תרומה trwmh
תרומה trwmh: gift; תרומת trwmt: offering
gift-offerings [to priests]?
Maaser Sheni 2:3.b
Encrypted: The school of Shammai say: All that one does to informers must be done in a real & clear way, except of course the covering of them.
Official: The school of Shammai say: All that is done with fenugreek must be done in a clean state, except washing it.
The school
בית byt: house, school
בית byt
בית byt: house, school
The school
of Shammai
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
שמאי šmˀy
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
of Shammai
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומרים ˀwmrym
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
All
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
All
[that one] does [to informers]
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
מעשיה mˁšyh
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
that is done [with fenugreek?]
[must be done in] a real & clear [way?],
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: real surface; טהרה ṭhrh: clearness
בטהרה bṭhrh
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: clean, pure
[must be done in] a clean [state],
except [of course]
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside, except
חוץ ḥwṣ
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside, except
except
the covering [of them].
מ־ m-: of; חפף ḥpp: surround, cover, protect
מחפיפתה mḥpypth
מ־ m-: of; חפף ḥpp: wash, rub, cleanse the head
washing [it].
Maaser Sheni 2:3.c
Encrypted: But the school of Hillel say: All that one does to informers may be done in a dirty way, except at the start.
Official: But the school of Hillel say: All that is done with fenugreek may be done in an unclean state, except soaking it in water.
But the school
בית byt: house, school
ובית wbyt
בית byt: house, school
But the school
of Hillel
הלל hll: Hillel
הלל hll
הלל hll: Hillel
of Hillel
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומרים ˀwmrym
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
All
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
All
[that one] does [to informers]
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
מעשיה mˁšyh
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
that is done [with fenugreek?]
[may be done in] a dirty [way],
ב־ b-: in; טמאא ṭmˀˀ: dirty, foul, nasty, ugly, evil
בטמאה bṭmˀh
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
[may be done in] an unclean [state],
except
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside, except
חוץ ḥwṣ
חוץ ḥwṣ: outside, except
except
[at] the start.
מ־ m-: of; שרי šry: let loose, start, begin, put into service
משריתה mšryth
מ־ m-: of; שרי šry: soak, dissolve
soaking [it in water].
Informers shouldn’t be spied on right at the beginning.
Maaser Sheni 2:4.a
Encrypted: Informing against informers in disguise is prohibited, when he is still growing into his job. And they may enter a secret meeting and go out unharmed. But if they have become unfit? Lord Tarfon says: Then they must be specially allotted to the oppressed. But the advisors say: They can just be set free.
Official: Vetches of tithe second may be eaten when it is still growing. And it may be brought into Jerusalem and brought out. But if they have become unclean? Rabbi Tarfon says: Then they must be specially divided to lumps of dough. But the advisors say: They can be redeemed.
Informing against
קרץ qrṣ: inform against, informer; ־ן -n: (suffix)
כרשיני kršyny
כרשינה kršynh: vetch, horse-bean
Vetches
informers
מסור mswr: informer, traitor; מסר msr: inform against
מעשר mˁšr
מעשר mˁšr: tithe
of tithe
in disguise
שני šny: disguise
שני šny
שני šny: two, second
second
is prohibited [?],
כלא klˀ: restrain, forbid, prohibit
יאכלו yˀklw
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[may] be eaten
[when he is still] growing [into his job?].
צמח ṣmḥ: sprout, grow, appear
צמחונים ṣmḥwnym
צמח ṣmḥ: sprout, grow, appear
[when it is still] growing.
And [they may] enter
כנס kns: go in, bring in, enter
ונכנסין wnknsyn
כנס kns: go in, bring in, enter
And [it may] be brought
a secret meeting
ל־ l-: to; אירוע ˀyrwˁ: meeting; ש־ š-: make; עלם ˁlm: hidden
לירושלים lyrwšlym
ל־ l-: to; ירושלים yrwšlym: Jerusalem
into Jerusalem
and go out [unharmed].
יצא yṣˀ: go out, bring out
ויוצאין wywṣˀyn
יצא yṣˀ: go out, bring out
and brought out.
But [if they] have become unfit?
נ־ n-: make; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
נטמאו nṭmˀw
נ־ n-: make; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
But [if they] have become unclean?
Lord
רב rb: lord, master, noble
רבי rby
רבי rby: rabbi
Rabbi
Tarfon
טרפון ṭrpwn: Tarfon
טרפון ṭrpwn
טרפון ṭrpwn: Tarfon
Tarfon
says:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומר ˀwmr
אמר ˀmr: say
says:
[Then they must be specially] allotted
חלק ḥlq: allot, assign, assign fate
יתחלקו ytḥlqw
חלק ḥlq: portion, divide
[Then they must be specially] divided
to the oppressed [?].
ל־ l-: to; עסה ˁsh: press, squeeze; עצה ˁṣh: press, oppress
לעסות lˁswt
ל־ l-: to; עסה ˁsh: dough, knead
to [lumps of?] dough [??].
But the advisors
חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
וחכמים wḥkmym
חכם ḥkm: wise, advisor
But the advisors
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומרים ˀwmrym
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
[They can just] be set free.
פדה pdh: free, release
יפדו ypdw
פדה pdh: redeem, ransom
[They can] be redeemed.
At the beginning, informers must be put at ease.
Maaser Sheni 2:4.b
Encrypted: As for informers of all-out hoaxes: The school of Shammai say: They must be started and put at ease in a clean state, but must be informed against when they are later in an unfit state.
Official: As for vetches of gift-offerings vetches: The school of Shammai say: They must be soaked and ground in a clean state, and may be eaten when they are in an unclean state.
[As for informers] of
של šl: belonging to, of
ושל wšl
של šl: belonging to, of
[As for vetches] of
[all-out] hoaxes:
תרמה trmh: deceit; תרמית trmyt: fraud, hoax
תרומה trwmh
תרומה trwmh: gift; תרומת trwmt: offering
gift-offerings [vetches]:
The school
בית byt: house, school
בית byt
בית byt: house, school
The school
of Shammai
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
שמאי šmˀy
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
of Shammai
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומרים ˀwmrym
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
[They must] be started
שרי šry: let loose, start, begin, put into service
שורין šwryn
שרי šry: soak, dissolve
[They must] be soaked
and put at ease [?]
שפי špy: sincere, smooth, pleasant, at ease
ושפין wšpyn
שפי špy: crush, rub, grind
and ground
in a clean [state],
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: real surface; טהרה ṭhrh: clearness
בטהרה bṭhrh
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: clean, pure
in a clean [state],
but [must] be informed against
מ־ m-: of; אכל ˀkl: inform against
ומאכילין wmˀkylyn
מ־ m-: of; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
and [may] be eaten
[when they are later] in an unfit [state].
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
בטמאה bṭmˀh
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
[when they are] in an unclean [state].
Maaser Sheni 2:4.c
Encrypted: But the school of Hillel say: They must be started in a clean state, but must be cut off and informed against when they are later in an unfit state.
Official: But the school of Hillel say: They must be soaked in a clean state, but may be ground and eaten when they are in an unclean state.
But the school
בית byt: house, school
ובית wbyt
בית byt: house, school
But the school
of Hillel
הלל hll: Hillel
הלל hll
הלל hll: Hillel
of Hillel
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומרים ˀwmrym
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
[They must] be started
שרי šry: let loose, start, begin, put into service
שורין šwryn
שרי šry: soak, dissolve
[They must] be soaked
in a clean [state],
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: real surface; טהרה ṭhrh: clearness
בטהרה bṭhrh
ב־ b-: in; טהר ṭhr: clean, pure
in a clean [state],
but [must] be cut off
שפי špy: cut off, purge, keep silent
ושפין wšpyn
שפי špy: crush, rub, grind
but [may] be ground
and informed against
מ־ m-: of; אכל ˀkl: inform against
ומאכילין wmˀkylyn
מ־ m-: of; אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
and eaten
[when they are later] in an unfit [state].
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
בטמאה bṭmˀh
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
[when they are] in an unclean [state].
Generally, one can deal with informers in a dirty way.
Maaser Sheni 2:4.c
Encrypted: The school of Shammai say: They may be informed against deceptively. Lord Akiva says: All that one does to informers may be done in a dirty way.
Official: The school of Shammai say: They must be eaten dry. Rabbi Akiva says: All that is done with vetches may be done in an unclean state.
[The school] of Shammai
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
שמאי šmˀy
שמאי šmˀy: Shammai
[The school] of Shammai
say:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומר ˀwmr
אמר ˀmr: say
say:
[They may] be informed against
אכל ˀkl: inform against
יאכלו yˀklw
אכל ˀkl: eat, consume
[They must] be eaten
deceptively.
זרד zrd: choke, force, deceive
צריד ṣryd
צרד ṣrd: dry, rough, harsh
dry [??].
Lord
רב rb: lord, master, noble
רבי rby
רבי rby: rabbi
Rabbi
Akiva
עקיבא ˁqybˀ: Akiva
עקיבא ˁqybˀ
עקיבא ˁqybˀ: Akiva
Akiva
says:
אמר ˀmr: say
אומר ˀwmr
אמר ˀmr: say
says:
All
כל kl: all
כל kl
כל kl: all
All
[that one] does [to informers]
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
מעשיהן mˁšyhn
מ־ m-: of; עשה ˁšh: do, make, act
that is done [with vetches]
[may be done in] a dirty [way].
ב־ b-: in; טמאא ṭmˀˀ: dirty, foul, nasty, ugly, evil
בטמאה bṭmˀh
ב־ b-: in; טמא ṭmˀ: unclean, impure
[may be done in] an unclean [state].