Berakhot interlinear puns

The Mishnah as a spook cookbook

While I don’t want to insult religions, the case should be clear that to the spooks, Mishnah & Talmud are a collection of spook laws: The face-value laws laid out there are so impractical, so arbitrary, and at the same time so vaguely worded, that even actual religious Jews usually admit that they don’t really understand them. It seems impossible that any authority should ever have held court over laws like these. But tellingly, there is a millennia-old tradition of extensive study & commentary of these laws by “religious” authorities, and even protocols of famous court cases based on them. The only explanation is encryption! Last but not least, the word mishnah itself puns with “disguise”.

However, while the Bible is already hard to decrypt, I find the Mishnah even harder. These are some of the differences.

• The Bible seems based on multi-pun stories, where the name of the central character gives away the main pun-consonants, with many story elements being puns with his name. The hidden puns are then a bit easier to detect, because they usually also pun with his name. The Mishnah, on the other hand, seems to have only the chapter title for a possible clue to the pun-topic, which is too vague for me.
• The Bible uses puns where the words are only loosely similar. Often, even anagrams of the word root are used there. The Mishnah, on the other hand, seems to use pun-words that are relatively similar, but often constitute a very rare technical meaning within the same word root. In theory, this could be easier, but I found it’s harder.
• The Bible often has lengthy sections where the general grammar is the same, and only key words are encrypted. In the Mishnah, sometimes almost every word seems to be an encryption. The encrypted meaning has absolutely nothing to do with the face-value meaning.
• The Bible is comfortably indexed with a concordance and has multiple translations. The Mishnah has no concordance, and there are very few translations, none at all of some commentaries.
• Still, while the Bible seems to encompass very general parables about spookery, the Mishnah seems very detailed & specific. So, to understand the spooks, its decryption could theoretically be of greater value.

Berakhot as an introduction to spokery

Berakhot is the very first chapter of Mishnah & Talmud. In theory, it should start with a general introduction to religious laws & values. But the face-value text doesn’t: Rather, it jumps right into the odd question at what time of morning & evening a specific prayer must be recited, with no explanation why this is so important. And the text doesn’t even give a clear answer, but says it’s “when priests go eating”, and “when you can tell purple from white or green”. Again, only encryption can explain all this strangeness.

As to what Berakhot means to the spooks, my only clue was that as the first chapter, it must be an introduction, much like Genesis. So I combed the dictionaries until I got that together. But the words I had to resort to were often rare.

Examples for rare words are:

• The main topic of the face-value text, if there is any, is when to recite the Shema prayer, written šmˁ. The pun-word seems to be ˁšm “power”, a near-homonym and also an anagram. But that word is a rare Aramaic spelling variant of the term ˁṣm “power”.
• The most often repeated verb is qry “reciting”. The pun-word seems to be qry “covering”, spelled identically in the Yod-variant. However, that word is also very rare and apparently only means “covering” as derived via “cover planks”.
• The text starts with m-ˀymt “from when”. However, the “when” question doesn’t seem to fit the spooky text, which is more about “what” & “how”. I finally went with Syriac mˀy-mtˀy “what causes”. The first 5 letters mˀymt are the same, but it’s a rare combination of rare words. It also seems odd to even encrypt grammar words.

So after a many attempts, I had to stop after just a few verses, because the decryption was like the needle-in-a-haystack search. The decrypted spook secrets may be valuable, but a vague guess without clues or verification is worthless. So far the only verification is that the presumed spooky meaning is really an introduction, matches what we know about the spooks, and is much more coherent than the face-value meaning.

How to read the interlinear puns

• Each Hebrew word is a block; each Hebrew verse is a paragraph of little blocks. Blocks & text are read left-to-right, as in English.
• Possible pun meaning is on light red at the top, with pun vocabulary just below.
• Original Hebrew text is in the center.
• Official meaning is on light green at the bottom, with official vocabulary just above.
• Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs.
• Pun decryption is not an exact science. Please read the introduction, the interchangeability rules, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
• An encrypted spook message, if it’s really there, does not automatically mean that the literal meaning is wrong, or that the encrypted meaning is the truth.

Berakhot 1

Berakhot 1:1

What [can] bring aboutmˀy what mtyˀ lead to, cause mˀymty   מאימתיm from ˀymt when From when [does one]a cover upqry cover qwryn   קוריןqry recite reciteofˀt to ˀt   אתˀt to  oppression & powerˁšm oppression, force, subjugate šmˁ   שמעšmˁ hear the Shema [prayer]with the crowds & multitudes?b with ˁrbwb multitude ˁrbwbyˀ crowd rbˀ multitude rb multitude, majority bˁrbyt   בערביתb in ˁrb evening in the evening?[It is] manufacturing fictitious actsmˁšh manufacture, fictitious, act mˁšyh tale, story mšˁh   משעהm from šˁh moment [It is] from the momentso that the stationed princes & rulersš that khn stationed, enriched, officer, prince, ruler šhkhnym   שהכהניםš that khn priest that the priestsare sheltered & wrappedn self kns cover, shelter, wrap nknsym   נכנסיםn self kns enter, go in have entered [their houses??]into veilsl to klˀ withhold, enclose klh veil lˀkl   לאכלl to ˀkl consume to eatof fraud & deception,b on trmh deceit trmyt fraud, hoax t of rmy deceive btrwmtn   בתרומתןb on trwmh gift their gifted [tithed food],whileˁd while, until, during ˁd   עדˁd while, until, during untildenyingzwp falsify, forge, deny swp   סוףswp end the endto be watchmen & spiesšmr officers, watchmen, spies hˀšmwrh   האשמורהˀšmrh night watch of the night watchof the government,ryšnw government ršyn control, possession hrˀšwnh   הראשונהrˀšwn first first,saysdbr say dbry   דבריdbr say sayslordrb lord, master, noble rby   רביrby rabbi rabbiEliezer.ˀlyˁzr Eliezer ˀlyˁzr   אליעזרˀlyˁzr Eliezer Eliezer.And the advisorsḥkm wise, advisor wḥkmym   וחכמיםḥkm wise, advisor And the sagessay:ˀmr say ˀwmrym   אומריםˀmr say say:[only] while [it is]ˁd while, until, during ˁd   עדˁd while, until, during [only] untilproperly / prepared.ḥzy fit for, appropriate, proper, prepared ḥṣwt   חצותḥṣy half mid [night?].Lordrbn lord rbn   רבןrbn rabban RabbanGamlielgmlyˀl Gamliel gmlyˀl   גמליאלgmlyˀl Gamliel Gamlielsays:ˀmr say ˀwmr   אומרˀmr say says:[only] whileˁd while, until, during ˁd   עדˁd while, until, during untilthere is [sufficient] pretextˁlh cause, pretext, pretense šyˁlh   שיעלהˁlh rise [the sun?] risesto establishˁmd set up, establish ˁmwd   עמודˁmd stay and staysthe lies & falsehoods.šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat hšḥr   השחרšḥr dawn at dawn.It happenedmˁšh happened mˁšh   מעשהmˁšh happened It happenedthat returnedšwb return šbˀw   שבאוšwb return that returnedhis peoplebn people bnyw   בניוbn son his sonsfrom a domesticbyt home mbyt   מביתbyt home from a housedisplay of mockery [??].m of šṭh mock, fool sṭyh deviation, deceit hmšth   המשתהm of šth drink, feast with a feast.They saidˀmr say ˀmrw   אמרוˀmr say They saidto him:lw to him lw   לוlw to him to him:[We did] not [yet manage to?]lˀ not lˀ   לאlˀ not [We did] not [yet manage to?]cover upqry cover qrynw   קרינוqry recite recite ˀt to ˀt   אתˀt to  [our] opression & power.ˁšm oppression, force, subjugate šmˁ   שמעšmˁ hear the Shema.He saidˀmr say ˀmr   אמרˀmr say He saidto them:l to hm them lhm   להםl to hm them to them:Ifˀm if ˀm   אםˀm if If[there is] nolˀ not lˀ   לאlˀ not [the sun?] has not[sufficient] pretextˁlh cause, pretext, pretense ˁlh   עלהˁlh rise risento set upˁmd set up, establish ˁmwd   עמודˁmd stay to staythe lies & falsehoods,šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat hšḥr   השחרšḥr dawn at dawn,the obligation is [still]ḥyb obliged ḥybyn   חיביןḥyb obliged the obligation is [still]on youˀtm you ˀtm   אתםˀtm you on youto cover it up [somehow].l to qry cover lqrwt   לקרותl to qry recite to recite it.And notlˀ not wlˀ   ולאlˀ not And not[for] thiszw this zw   זוzw this [for] thissolely,blbd solely blbd   בלבדblbd solely solely,butˀlˀ but ˀlˀ   אלאˀlˀ but but[for] all [situations],kl all kl   כלkl all [for] all [situations],wherevermh whichever mh   מהmh whichever whereverit is saidš which ˀmr say šˀmrw   שאמרוš which ˀmr say it is saidby the advisorsḥkm wise, advisor ḥkmym   חכמיםḥkm wise, advisor by the sages“[only] whenˁd while, until, during ˁd   עדˁd while, until, during “untilproperly prepared”,ḥzy fit for, proper, prepared ḥṣwt   חצותḥṣy half mid[night]”,the maskmswh cover, sheath, veil, mask mṣwtn   מצותןmṣwh command, precept the command[should be set up] whileˁd while, until, during ˁd   עדˁd while, until, during [should be fulfilled] untilthere is [sufficient] pretextš which ˁlh cause, pretext, pretense šyˁlh   שיעלהš which ˁlh rise when [the sun?] risesto establishˁmd set up, establish ˁmwd   עמודˁmd stay to staythe lies & falsehoods.šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat hšḥr   השחרšḥr dawn at dawn.The shaping / construction [???]qṭr tie on, shape, construct hqṭr   הקטרqṭr incense The incense [burning] ofof changed / substitute [appearances ???]ḥlp change, exchange, alternate, substitute, in place of ḥlbym   חלביםḥlb fat fatsand shaping of / outside [appearances ???]br exterior, outside brˀ create, shape wˀbrym   ואבריםˀbr limb and limbs[must be] covered upmswh cover, sheath, veil, mask mṣwtn   מצותןmṣwh command, precept are commanded [to be done]while [?]ˁd until, during, while ˁd   עדˁd until, during, while untilthere is [sufficient] pretextˁlh cause, pretext, pretense šyˁlh   שיעלהˁlh rise [the sun] risesto establishˁmd set up, establish ˁmwd   עמודˁmd stay to staythe lies & falsehoods.šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat hšḥr   השחרšḥr dawn at dawn.[Similarly,] allkl all wkl   וכלkl all [Similarly,] all[to be] disguised swindlersnkl beguile, betray, disguised, deceiver, hypocrite, swindler hnˀklym   הנאכליםn make ˀkl eat [offerings to be] eatento the peoplel to ˁm people lywm   ליוםl to ywm day during the dayto inform [on them],hwdyˁ make known, inform ˀḥd   אחדˀḥd one first[must be] maskedmswh cover, sheath, veil, mask mṣwtn   מצותןmṣwh command, precept are commanded [to be done]whileˁd until, during, while ˁd   עדˁd until, during, while untilthere is [sufficient] pretextš which ˁlh cause, pretext, pretense šyˁlh   שיעלהš which ˁlh rise [the sun] risesto establishˁmd set up, establish ˁmwd   עמודˁmd stay to staythe lies & falsehoods.šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat hšḥr   השחרšḥr dawn at dawn.Ifˀm if ˀm   אםˀm if If[that is] so,kn so kn   כןkn so [that is] so,whyl to mh what lmh   למהl to mh what whywas it saidˀmr say ˀmrw   אמרוˀmr say was it saidby the advisorsḥkm wise, advisor ḥkmym   חכמיםḥkm wise, advisor by the sages“[only] whenˁd until, during, while ˁd   עדˁd until, during, while “[only] untilproperly prepared”?ḥzy fit for, proper, prepared ḥṣwt   חצותḥṣy halfway mid[night]”?In orderkdy in order kdy   כדיkdy in order In orderto [keep] a far distancerḥq far, distance, remove lhrḥyq   להרחיקrḥq far, distance, remove to [keep] a far distance ˀt to ˀt   אתˀt to  of the [used] disguisedmy guise, disguise, imitate hˀdm   האדםˀdm man [for every] manfrommn from mn   מןmn from fromits creation.brˀ create, shape hˁbrh   העברהˁbr transgress transgressing.

Berakhot 1:1

Berakhot 1:2

What [can] bring aboutmˀy what mtyˀ lead to, cause mˀymty   מאימתיm from ˀymt when From when [does one]a cover upqry cover qwryn   קוריןqry recite reciteofˀt to ˀt   אתˀt to  oppression & powerˁšm oppression, force, subjugate šmˁ   שמעšmˁ hear the Shemawith lies & falsehoods?b with šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat bšḥryt   בשחריתb in šḥr dawn in the morning?[It is] feigning to be someone elsem of nkr deny, dissemble, estrange, feign to be another mšykyr   משיכירm from š that nkr distinguish [It is] from when [one can] distinguishexplained [as]byn understand, explained byn   ביןbyn between, among betweenpretending & feigningdglh lie, falsity dgl tricks, pretend, feign dglˀ impostor tklt   תכלתtklh purple purpleto be a humble / oppressed [person].l into ˁlbwn humiliation ˁlb press upon, oppressed llbn   ללבןl to lbn white and white.Lordrb lord, master, noble rby   רביrby rabbi RabbiEliezerˀlyˁzr Eliezer ˀlyˁzr   אליעזרˀlyˁzr Eliezer Eliezersays:ˀmr say ˀwmr   אומרˀmr say says:[rather] explained [as]byn understand, explained byn   ביןbyn between [rather] betweenpretending & feigningdglh lie, falsity dgl tricks, pretend, feign dglˀ impostor tklt   תכלתtklh purple purpleto be a [regular] citizen.l into qrt city br qrytˀ city inhabitant qrtn townsman qwrˀy citizen lkrty   לכרתיl to krty leek-green and green.And [that should be] learned & perfectedgmr learn, perfect wgwmrh   וגומרהgmr complete And [it should be] completedbeforeˁd until ˁd   עדˁd until before[one] rises uphnṣ rising, sun rising hnṣ   הנץhnṣ rising, sun rising there is risingto show [oneself] to be seen.ḥmh show, be seen, appear hḥmh   החמהḥmh heat heat [from the sun].Lordrb lord, master, noble rby   רביrby rabbi RabbiJoshuayhwšˁ Joshua yhwšˁ   יהושעyhwšˁ Joshua Joshuasays:ˀmr say ˀwmr   אומרˀmr say says:[And] before,ˁd until ˁd   עדˁd until Before[one has] to stitch togetheršlšl chain together šll stitch together, decorate šlš   שלשšlš three threea fairytale [cover] story.šwˁytˀ tale, fairy tale, story šˁy play, cover, tell story šˁwt   שעותšˁwt time šˁh time o’clock,For suchš which kn thus škn   שכןš which kn thus for suchis the mannerdrk manner, conduct drk   דרךdrk manner, conduct is the manner[with] men who arebn men bny   בניbn men of men who arerulers:mlk ruler mlkym   מלכיםmlk king kings:they [can be] set upl in ˁmd set up, appoint, establish lˁmd   לעמדl to ˁmd stand up they stand up[only] with stitching togetherb with šlšl chain together šll stitch together, decorate bšlš   בשלשb in šlš three at threea fairytale [cover] story.šwˁytˀ tale, fairy tale, story šˁy play, cover, tell story šˁwt   שעותšˁwt time šˁh time o’clock.[Though] covering it upqry cover hqwrˀ   הקוראqry recite Reciting [the Shema]from therem from kˀn here mkˀn   מכאןm from kˀn here from thereafter,ˀylk afterward wˀylk   ואילךˀylk afterward after,[one] does notlˀ not lˀ   לאlˀ not [one] does notlose [much],psd lose, forfeit, damage hpsyd   הפסידpsd lose, forfeit, damage lose [anything],as onek like, as ˀdm man kˀdm   כאדםk like, as ˀdm man [just] as [when] one[can always] cover things upqry cover hqwrˀ   הקוראqry recite reciteswith appearances.b with twr spy, espy, appearance btwrh   בתורהb with twrh torah with the Torah.

Berakhot 1:2

Berakhot 1:3

The school ofbyt house, school byt   ביתbyt house, school The school ofShammaišmˁ fame, known šm reputation šmˀy   שמאיšmˀy Shammai Shammaisay:ˀmr say ˀwmrym   אומריםˀmr say say:With the crowds & multitudes,b with ˁrbwb multitude ˁrbwbyˀ crowd rbˀ multitude rb multitude, majority bˁrb   בערבb in ˁrb evening In the eveningallkl all kl   כלkl all all[proper] disguisesdmy disguise, imitate ˀdm   אדםˀdm man men[should] be proud & polished [?]ḥṭh look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman yṭw   יטוhṭh incline, bend [should] turn aside[when] covering [things] up,qry cover wyqrˀw   ויקראוqry recite [when] reciting [the Shema],and distinguish [one]b with bqr distinguish, differentiate, split wbbqr   ובבקרb in bqr morning and in the morning[to] stand out,ˁmd stand yˁmdw   יעמדוˁmd stand they should stand,[as it] saysˀmr say šnˀmr   שנאמרˀmr say [as it] says(Deuteronomydbr word dbrym   דבריםdbr word (Deuteronomy6:7):w 6 w   וw 6 6:7):“as you veil yourself,b as šgb cover, veil, hidden k you wbškbk   ובשכבךb as škb lay down k you “and when you lay down,so are you established”.b as qwm established, identified k you wbqwmk   ובקומךb as qwm stand k you and when you stand up”.The school ofbyt house, school wbyt   וביתbyt house, school The school ofHillelhll deride, fool, foolish hll   הללhll Hillel Hillelsay [instead]:ˀmr say ˀwmrym   אומריםˀmr say say [instead]:Allkl all kl   כלkl all Alldisguisesdmy disguise, imitate ˀdm   אדםˀdm man men[may] cover [things] upqry cover qwrˀ   קוראqry recite [may] recite [the Shema]in their own manner,k according drk way, manner kdrkw   כדרכוk according drk way, manner in their own manner,[as it] saysˀmr say šnˀmr   שנאמרˀmr say [as it] says(also there):šm there šm   שםšm there (also there):“as [en]acted by you [?]b in hlk go, walk, proceed, act k you wblktk   ובלכתךb in hlk go, walk, proceed, act k you “and when you walkin your [own] way.”b in drk way, manner k your bdrk   בדרךb in drk way, manner k your on your way.”Ifˀm if ˀm   אםˀm if If[that is] so,kn so kn   כןkn so [that is] so,[then] whyl to mh what lmh   למהl to mh what [then] whywas it saidˀmr say nˀmr   נאמרˀmr say was it said“as you veil yourself,b as šgb cover, veil, hidden k you wbškbk   ובשכבךb as škb lay down “and when you lie down,so are you established”?b as qwm established, identified k you wbqwmk   ובקומךb as qwm stand and when you stand up”?[It is] by enacting a storyb with šˁy play, cover over, tell false story bšˁh   בשעהb in šˁh hour, moment [It is] in the hourthat those ofš which bny of šbny   שבניš which bny of when the sons ofdisguisedmy disguise, imitate ˀdm   אדםˀdm man man[can] hide themselves,šgb cover, veil, hidden šwkbym   שוכביםškb lay down lay down,but [also] by enacting a storyb with šˁy play, cover over, tell false story wbšˁh   ובשעהb in šˁh hour šˁˀ hour and in the hourthat those ofš which bny of šbny   שבניš which bny of when the sons ofdisguisedmy disguise, imitate ˀdm   אדםˀdm man man[can] establish themselves.ˁmd establish, presented ˁwmdym   עומדיםˁmd stand stand up.Saidˀmr say ˀmr   אמרˀmr say Saidlordrb lord, master, noble rby   רביrby rabbi rabbiTarfon:ṭrpwn Tarfon ṭrpwn   טרפוןṭrpwn Tarfon Tarfon:Iˀny I ˀny   אניˀny I Ihappened tohyh happen hyyty   הייתיhyh happen happened toproceedbˀ come bˀ   באbˀ come comein this way [?]b in drk way, manner bdrk   בדרךb in drk way, manner along the way,and [made it] proud & polished [?]ḥṭh look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman whṭty   והטתיhṭh incline, bend and turned aside [of the road??]to cover [things] upl to qry cover lqrwt   לקרותl to qry recite to reciteaccording to the [stricter?] wordsk according dbr word kdbry   כדבריk according dbr word according to the [stricter?] wordsof the school ofbyt house, school byt   ביתbyt house, school of the school ofShammai,šmˁ fame, known šm reputation šmˀy   שמאיšmˀy Shammai Shammai,but [then that caused] dangerskn danger, endanger, exposed to danger wsknty   וסכנתיskn danger, endanger, exposed to danger but [then that caused] dangerwith violenceb with ˁṣm force ˁṣym violent bˁṣmy   בעצמיb with ˁṣm force ˁṣym violent with violence[even] towardsmpny from presence of m of pnh toward mpny   מפניmpny because because ofthe veild [form?].lswṭ mesh, veil lswṭh web hlsṭym   הלסטיםlsṭ robber, thief robbers [on the wayside??].They saidˀmr say ˀmrw   אמרוˀmr say They saidto him:lw to him lw   לוlw to him to him:It accordinglykdy according kdy   כדיkdy according It accordinglycame to happenhyh come to pass hyyt   הייתhyh come to pass came to happenthrough the faultl to ḥwb guilt lḥwb   לחובl to ḥwb guilt through the faultof your [too] powerful / [choice of] veil [?],b with ˁṣm strong, powerful, wealth ṣmh veil k your bˁṣmk   בעצמךb with ˁṣm force ˁṣym violent k your of your [???] violence [?],which transgressedš which ˁbr transgress šˁbrt   שעברתš which ˁbr transgress which transgressedagainstˁl against ˁl   עלˁl against againstthe [more tolerant?] wordsdbr word dbry   דבריdbr word the [more tolerant?] wordsof the school ofbyt house, school byt   ביתbyt house, school of the school ofHillel.hll deride, fool, foolish hll   הללhll Hillel Hillel.

Berakhot 1:3

Berakhot 1:4

With [simple] fraudulent lying,b with šqr fraud, lying, liar, falsehood, cheat bšḥr   בשחרb in šḥr morning In the morning,as for veiling yourself,m of brq blockade, veil mbrk   מברךm of brk bless as for blessings,you [do & talk] nonsense & mockeryˀštwmˀ confusion, nonsense šṭh mock, fool m them štym   שתיםštym two [one has to say] twoin public,l to pny face, front lpnyh   לפניהl to pny before before,and [just do] another thingˀḥt other, another wˀḥt   ואחתˀḥt one and oneafterwards.l to ˀḥr behind, afterward lˀḥryh   לאחריהl to ˀḥr behind, afterward afterwards.But with the crowds & multitudes,b with ˁrbwb multitude ˁrbwbyˀ crowd rbˀ multitude rb multitude, majority wbˁrb   ובערבb in ˁrb evening In the evening,you [do & talk] nonsense & mockeryˀštwmˀ confusion, nonsense štym   שתיםštym two [one says] twoin public,l to pny face, front lpnyh   לפניהl to pny before before,but then [must also create] nonsense & mockeryˀštwmˀ confusion, nonsense šṭh mock, fool m them wštym   ושתיםštym two and twoafterwards.l to ˀḥr behind, afterward lˀḥryh   לאחריהl to ˀḥr behind, afterward afterwards.[That last] oneˀḥt one ˀḥt   אחתˀḥt one One[obviously] takes longer,ˀrk long ˀrkh   ארכהˀrk long long,the other [former one]ˀḥt one, other, another wˀḥt   ואחתˀḥt one, other, another oneis shorter.qṣr short qṣrh   קצרהqṣr short short.In those placesmqwm place mqwm   מקוםmqwm place In those placeswhere it is saidš which ˀmr say šˀmrw   שאמרוš which ˀmr say where it is saidto [use] the lengthy [process],l to ˀrk long, lengthen lhˀryk   להאריךl to ˀrk long, lengthen to [say] a long one,it is notˀyn no, not ˀynw   אינוˀyn no, not it is notpermittedršˀy permitted ršˀy   רשאיršˀy permitted permittedto [use] the short one.l to qṣr short, shorten lqṣr   לקצרl to qṣr short, shorten to [say] a short one.[Where it is] the short one,l to qṣr short, shorten lqṣr   לקצרl to qṣr short, shorten [Where it is] the short one,it is notˀyn no, not ˀynw   אינוˀyn no, not it is notpermittedršˀy permitted ršˀy   רשאיršˀy permitted permittedto [use] the lengthy one.l to ˀrk long, lengthen lhˀryk   להאריךl to ˀrk long, lengthen to [say] a long one.[When you need] to confirm & impress,l to ḥtm seal, confirm ḥwtm impression lḥtm   לחתםl to ḥtm finish, close up [When prayers are] to be finished,it is notˀyn no, not ˀynw   אינוˀyn no, not it is notpermittedršˀy permitted ršˀy   רשאיršˀy permitted permittednotš which lˀ not šlˀ   שלאš which lˀ not notto confirm & impress.l to ḥtm seal, confirm ḥwtm impression lḥtm   לחתםl to ḥtm finish, close up to finish.[When you should] notš which lˀ not wšlˀ   ושלאš which lˀ not [When prayers should] not [yet]confirm & impress,l to ḥtm seal, confirm ḥwtm impression lḥtm   לחתםl to ḥtm finish, close up be finished,it is notˀyn no, not ˀynw   אינוˀyn no, not it is notpermittedršˀy permitted ršˀy   רשאיršˀy permitted permittedto confirm & impress.l to ḥtm seal, confirm ḥwtm impression lḥtm   לחתםl to ḥtm finish, close up to finish.

Berakhot 1:4