Berakhot interlinear puns
Berakhot is the first chapter of Mishnah & Talmud. The face-value text is not much of an introduction though. Only a decryption of the spooky puns reveals that it is a general introduction to spookery.
Introduction
While I don’t want to insult religions, the case should be clear that to the spooks, Mishnah & Talmud are a collection of spook laws: The face-value laws laid out there are so impractical, so arbitrary, and at the same time so vaguely worded, that even actual religious Jews usually admit that they don’t really understand them. It seems impossible that any authority should ever have held court over laws like these. But tellingly, there is a millennia-old tradition of extensive study & commentary of these laws by “religious” authorities, and even protocols of famous court cases based on them. The only explanation is encryption! Last but not least, the word mishnah itself puns with “disguise”.
However, while the Bible is already hard to decrypt, I find the Mishnah even harder. These are some of the differences.
- The Bible seems based on multi-pun stories, where the name of the central character gives away the main pun-consonants, with many story elements being puns with his name. The hidden puns are then a bit easier to detect, because they usually also pun with his name. The Mishnah, on the other hand, seems to have only the chapter title for a possible clue to the pun-topic, which is too vague for me.
- The Bible uses puns where the words are only loosely similar. Often, even anagrams of the word root are used there. The Mishnah, on the other hand, seems to use pun-words that are relatively similar, but often constitute a very rare technical meaning within the same word root. In theory, this could be easier, but I found it’s harder.
- The Bible often has lengthy sections where the general grammar is the same, and only key words are encrypted. In the Mishnah, sometimes almost every word seems to be an encryption. The encrypted meaning has absolutely nothing to do with the face-value meaning.
- The Bible is comfortably indexed with a concordance and has multiple translations. The Mishnah has no concordance, and there are very few translations, none at all of some commentaries.
- Still, while the Bible seems to encompass very general parables about spookery, the Mishnah seems very detailed & specific. So, to understand the spooks, its decryption could theoretically be of greater value.
Berakhot is the very first chapter of Mishnah & Talmud. In theory, it should start with a general introduction to religious laws & values. But the face-value text doesn’t: Rather, it jumps right into the odd question at what time of morning & evening a specific prayer must be recited, with no explanation why this is so important. And the text doesn’t even give a clear answer, but says it’s “when priests go eating”, and “when you can tell purple from white or green”. Again, only encryption can explain all this strangeness.
As to what Berakhot means to the spooks, my only clue was that as the first chapter, it must be an introduction, much like Genesis. So I combed the dictionaries until I got that together. But the words I had to resort to were often rare.
Examples for rare words are:
- The main topic of the face-value text, if there is any, is when to recite the Shema prayer, written šmˁ. The pun-word seems to be ˁšm “power”, a near-homonym and also an anagram. But that word is a rare Aramaic spelling variant of the term ˁṣm “power”.
- The most often repeated verb is qry “reciting”. The pun-word seems to be qry “covering”, spelled identically in the Yod-variant. However, that word is also very rare and apparently only means “covering” as derived via “cover planks”.
- The text starts with m-ˀymt “from when”. However, the “when” question doesn’t seem to fit the spooky text, which is more about “what” & “how”. I finally went with Syriac mˀy-mtˀy “what causes”. The first 5 letters mˀymt are the same, but it’s a rare combination of rare words. It also seems odd to even encrypt grammar words.
So after a many attempts, I had to stop after just a few verses, because the decryption was like the needle-in-a-haystack search. The decrypted spook secrets may be valuable, but a vague guess without clues or verification is worthless. So far the only verification is that the presumed spooky meaning is really an introduction, matches what we know about the spooks, and is much more coherent than the face-value meaning.
How to read this
- This is an interlinear text. Each word is a little block; each verse is a paragraph of little blocks. Blocks & text are read left-to-right, as in English.
- Possible encrypted meaning is on light red at the top, with hyperlinked pun vocabulary just below.
- Original text is in the center, as transcription & glyphs.
- Official meaning is on light green at the bottom, with hyperlinked official vocabulary just above.
- Pun vocabulary is in red, whenever the meaning differs.
- Pun decryption is not an exact science. Please read the introduction, the interchangeability rules, and judge yourself whether I got it right.
- An encrypted spook message does not automatically mean that the literal meaning is wrong, or that the encrypted meaning is the truth. Still, religious readers should proceed with care.
Disguise power through veils of deception.
Berakhot 1:1.a
Encrypted: What [can] bring about a cover up of oppression & power with the crowds & multitudes? [It is] manufacturing fictitious acts so that the stationed princes & rulers are sheltered & wrapped into veils of fraud & deception, while denying to be watchmen & spies of the government, says lord Eliezer.
Official: From when [does one] recite the Shema [prayer] in the evening? [It is] from the moment that the priests have entered [their houses??] to eat their gifted [tithed food], until the end of the night watch first, says rabbi Eliezer.
What [can] bring about
mˀy: what; mtyˀ: lead to, cause
mˀymty מאימתי
m-: from; ˀymt: when
From when [does one]
a cover up
qry: cover
qwryn קורין
qry: recite
recite
of
ˀt: to
ˀt את
ˀt: to
oppression & power
ˁšm: oppression, force, subjugate
šmˁ שמע
šmˁ: hear
the Shema [prayer]
with the crowds & multitudes?
b-: with; ˁrbwb: multitude; ˁrbwbyˀ: crowd; rbˀ: multitude; rb: multitude, majority
bˁrbyt בערבית
b-: in; ˁrb: evening
in the evening?
[It is] manufacturing fictitious acts
mˁšh: manufacture, fictitious, act; mˁšyh: tale, story
mšˁh משעה
m-: from; šˁh: moment
[It is] from the moment
so that the stationed princes & rulers
š-: that; khn: stationed, enriched, officer, prince, ruler
šhkhnym שהכהנים
š-: that; khn: priest
that the priests
are sheltered & wrapped
n-: self; kns: cover, shelter, wrap
nknsym נכנסים
n-: self; kns: enter, go in
have entered [their houses??]
into veils
l-: to; klˀ: withhold, enclose; klh: veil
lˀkl לאכל
l-: to; ˀkl: consume
to eat
of fraud & deception,
b-: on; trmh: deceit; trmyt: fraud, hoax; t-: of; rmy: deceive
btrwmtn בתרומתן
b-: on; trwmh: gift
their gifted [tithed food],
while
ˁd: while, until, during
ˁd עד
ˁd: while, until, during
until
denying
zwp: falsify, forge, deny
swp סוף
swp: end
the end
to be watchmen & spies
šmr: officers, watchmen, spies
hˀšmwrh האשמורה
ˀšmrh: night watch
of the night watch
of the government,
ryšnw: government; ršyn: control, possession
hrˀšwnh הראשונה
rˀšwn: first
first,
says
dbr: say
dbry דברי
dbr: say
says
lord
rb: lord, master, noble
rby רבי
rby: rabbi
rabbi
Eliezer.
ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
ˀlyˁzr אליעזר
ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
Eliezer.
Every cover-up needs preparation & pretext.
Berakhot 1:1.b
Encrypted: And the advisors say: [only] while [it is] properly / prepared. Lord Gamliel says: [only] while there is [sufficient] pretext to establish the lies & falsehoods. It happened that returned his people from a domestic display of mockery [??]. They said to him: [We did] not [yet manage to?] cover up [our] opression & power. He said to them: If [there is] no [sufficient] pretext to set up the lies & falsehoods, the obligation is [still] on you to cover it up [somehow]. And not [for] this solely, but [for] all [situations], wherever it is said by the advisors “[only] when properly prepared”, the mask [should be set up] while there is [sufficient] pretext to establish the lies & falsehoods.
Official: And the sages say: [only] until mid [night?]. Rabban Gamliel says: until [the sun?] rises and stays at dawn. It happened that returned his sons from a house with a feast. They said to him: [We did] not [yet manage to?] recite the Shema. He said to them: If [the sun?] has not risen to stay at dawn, the obligation is [still] on you to recite it. And not [for] this solely, but [for] all [situations], wherever it is said by the sages “until mid[night]”, the command [should be fulfilled] until when [the sun?] rises to stay at dawn.
And the advisors
ḥkm: wise, advisor
wḥkmym וחכמים
ḥkm: wise, advisor
And the sages
say:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmrym אומרים
ˀmr: say
say:
[only] while [it is]
ˁd: while, until, during
ˁd עד
ˁd: while, until, during
[only] until
properly / prepared.
ḥzy: fit for, appropriate, proper, prepared
ḥṣwt חצות
ḥṣy: half
mid [night?].
Lord
rbn: lord
rbn רבן
rbn: rabban
Rabban
Gamliel
gmlyˀl: Gamliel
gmlyˀl גמליאל
gmlyˀl: Gamliel
Gamliel
says:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmr אומר
ˀmr: say
says:
[only] while
ˁd: while, until, during
ˁd עד
ˁd: while, until, during
until
there is [sufficient] pretext
ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense
šyˁlh שיעלה
ˁlh: rise
[the sun?] rises
to establish
ˁmd: set up, establish
ˁmwd עמוד
ˁmd: stay
and stays
the lies & falsehoods.
šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
hšḥr השחר
šḥr: dawn
at dawn.
It happened
mˁšh: happened
mˁšh מעשה
mˁšh: happened
It happened
that returned
šwb: return
šbˀw שבאו
šwb: return
that returned
his people
bn: people
bnyw בניו
bn: son
his sons
from a domestic
byt: home
mbyt מבית
byt: home
from a house
display of mockery [??].
m-: of; šṭh: mock, fool; sṭyh: deviation, deceit
hmšth המשתה
m-: of; šth: drink, feast
with a feast.
They said
ˀmr: say
ˀmrw אמרו
ˀmr: say
They said
to him:
lw: to him
lw לו
lw: to him
to him:
[We did] not [yet manage to?]
lˀ: not
lˀ לא
lˀ: not
[We did] not [yet manage to?]
cover up
qry: cover
qrynw קרינו
qry: recite
recite
ˀt: to
ˀt את
ˀt: to
[our] opression & power.
ˁšm: oppression, force, subjugate
šmˁ שמע
šmˁ: hear
the Shema.
He said
ˀmr: say
ˀmr אמר
ˀmr: say
He said
to them:
l-: to; hm: them
lhm להם
l-: to; hm: them
to them:
If
ˀm: if
ˀm אם
ˀm: if
If
[there is] no
lˀ: not
lˀ לא
lˀ: not
[the sun?] has not
[sufficient] pretext
ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense
ˁlh עלה
ˁlh: rise
risen
to set up
ˁmd: set up, establish
ˁmwd עמוד
ˁmd: stay
to stay
the lies & falsehoods,
šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
hšḥr השחר
šḥr: dawn
at dawn,
the obligation is [still]
ḥyb: obliged
ḥybyn חיבין
ḥyb: obliged
the obligation is [still]
on you
ˀtm: you
ˀtm אתם
ˀtm: you
on you
to cover it up [somehow].
l-: to; qry: cover
lqrwt לקרות
l-: to; qry: recite
to recite it.
And not
lˀ: not
wlˀ ולא
lˀ: not
And not
[for] this
zw: this
zw זו
zw: this
[for] this
solely,
blbd: solely
blbd בלבד
blbd: solely
solely,
but
ˀlˀ: but
ˀlˀ אלא
ˀlˀ: but
but
[for] all [situations],
kl: all
kl כל
kl: all
[for] all [situations],
wherever
mh: whichever
mh מה
mh: whichever
wherever
it is said
š-: which; ˀmr: say
šˀmrw שאמרו
š-: which; ˀmr: say
it is said
by the advisors
ḥkm: wise, advisor
ḥkmym חכמים
ḥkm: wise, advisor
by the sages
“[only] when
ˁd: while, until, during
ˁd עד
ˁd: while, until, during
“until
properly prepared”,
ḥzy: fit for, proper, prepared
ḥṣwt חצות
ḥṣy: half
mid[night]”,
the mask
mswh: cover, sheath, veil, mask
mṣwtn מצותן
mṣwh: command, precept
the command
[should be set up] while
ˁd: while, until, during
ˁd עד
ˁd: while, until, during
[should be fulfilled] until
there is [sufficient] pretext
š-: which; ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense
šyˁlh שיעלה
š-: which; ˁlh: rise
when [the sun?] rises
to establish
ˁmd: set up, establish
ˁmwd עמוד
ˁmd: stay
to stay
the lies & falsehoods.
šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
hšḥr השחר
šḥr: dawn
at dawn.
Every masking must happen while there is pretext.
Berakhot 1:1.c
Encrypted: The tying on / wrapping [???] of exchanged / substitute [identities ???] and masks [???] [must be] covered up while [?] there is [sufficient] pretext to establish the lies & falsehoods. [Similarly,] all [to be] disguised swindlers to the people to inform [on them], [must be] masked while there is [sufficient] pretext to establish the lies & falsehoods. If [that is] so, why was it said by the advisors “[only] when properly prepared”? In order to [keep] a far distance of the [used] disguise from its creation.
Official: The incense [burning] of fats and limbs are commanded [to be done] until [the sun] rises to stay at dawn. [Similarly,] all [offerings to be] eaten during the day first are commanded [to be done] until [the sun] rises to stay at dawn. If [that is] so, why was it said by the sages “[only] until mid[night]”? In order to [keep] a far distance [for every] man from transgressing.
The tying on / wrapping [???]
qṭr: bind, attach, tie on, wrap up, covered
hqṭr הקטר
qṭr: incense
The incense [burning] of
of exchanged / substitute [identities ???]
ḥlp: change, exchange, alternate, substitute, in place of
ḥlbym חלבים
ḥlb: fat
fats
and masks [???]
ˀpr: cover, mask, make-up
wˀbrym ואברים
ˀbr: limb
and limbs
[must be] covered up
mswh: cover, sheath, veil, mask
mṣwtn מצותן
mṣwh: command, precept
are commanded [to be done]
while [?]
ˁd: until, during, while
ˁd עד
ˁd: until, during, while
until
there is [sufficient] pretext
ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense
šyˁlh שיעלה
ˁlh: rise
[the sun] rises
to establish
ˁmd: set up, establish
ˁmwd עמוד
ˁmd: stay
to stay
the lies & falsehoods.
šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
hšḥr השחר
šḥr: dawn
at dawn.
[Similarly,] all
kl: all
wkl וכל
kl: all
[Similarly,] all
[to be] disguised swindlers
nkl: beguile, betray, disguised, deceiver, hypocrite, swindler
hnˀklym הנאכלים
n-: make; ˀkl: eat
[offerings to be] eaten
to the people
l-: to; ˁm: people
lywm ליום
l-: to; ywm: day
during the day
to inform [on them],
hwdyˁ: make known, inform
ˀḥd אחד
ˀḥd: one
first
[must be] masked
mswh: cover, sheath, veil, mask
mṣwtn מצותן
mṣwh: command, precept
are commanded [to be done]
while
ˁd: until, during, while
ˁd עד
ˁd: until, during, while
until
there is [sufficient] pretext
š-: which; ˁlh: cause, pretext, pretense
šyˁlh שיעלה
š-: which; ˁlh: rise
[the sun] rises
to establish
ˁmd: set up, establish
ˁmwd עמוד
ˁmd: stay
to stay
the lies & falsehoods.
šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
hšḥr השחר
šḥr: dawn
at dawn.
If
ˀm: if
ˀm אם
ˀm: if
If
[that is] so,
kn: so
kn כן
kn: so
[that is] so,
why
l-: to; mh: what
lmh למה
l-: to; mh: what
why
was it said
ˀmr: say
ˀmrw אמרו
ˀmr: say
was it said
by the advisors
ḥkm: wise, advisor
ḥkmym חכמים
ḥkm: wise, advisor
by the sages
“[only] when
ˁd: until, during, while
ˁd עד
ˁd: until, during, while
“[only] until
properly prepared”?
ḥzy: fit for, proper, prepared
ḥṣwt חצות
ḥṣy: halfway
mid[night]”?
In order
kdy: in order
kdy כדי
kdy: in order
In order
to [keep] a far distance
rḥq: far, distance, remove
lhrḥyq להרחיק
rḥq: far, distance, remove
to [keep] a far distance
ˀt: to
ˀt את
ˀt: to
of the [used] disguise
dmy: guise, disguise, imitate
hˀdm האדם
ˀdm: man
[for every] man
from
mn: from
mn מן
mn: from
from
its creation.
brˀ: create, shape
hˁbrh העברה
ˁbr: transgress
transgressing.
Cover-up your power by feigning to be a regular citizen.
Berakhot 1:2.a
Encrypted: What [can] bring about a cover up of oppression & power with lies & falsehoods? [It is] feigning to be someone else explained [as] pretending & feigning to be a humble / oppressed [person]. Lord Eliezer says: [rather] explained [as] pretending & feigning to be a [regular] citizen. And [that should be] learned & perfected before [one] rises up to show [oneself] to be seen. Lord
Official: From when [does one] recite the Shema in the morning? [It is] from when [one can] distinguish between purple and white. Rabbi Eliezer says: [rather] between purple and green. And [it should be] completed before there is rising heat [from the sun]. Rabbi
What [can] bring about
mˀy: what; mtyˀ: lead to, cause
mˀymty מאימתי
m-: from; ˀymt: when
From when [does one]
a cover up
qry: cover
qwryn קורין
qry: recite
recite
of
ˀt: to
ˀt את
ˀt: to
oppression & power
ˁšm: oppression, force, subjugate
šmˁ שמע
šmˁ: hear
the Shema
with lies & falsehoods?
b-: with; šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
bšḥryt בשחרית
b-: in; šḥr: dawn
in the morning?
[It is] feigning to be someone else
m-: of; nkr: deny, dissemble, estrange, feign to be another; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
mšykyr משיכיר
m-: from; š-: that; nkr: distinguish
[It is] from when [one can] distinguish
explained [as]
byn: understand, explained
byn בין
byn: between, among
between
pretending & feigning
dglh: lie, falsity; dgl: tricks, pretend, feign; dglˀ: impostor
tklt תכלת
tklh: purple
purple
to be a humble / oppressed [person].
l-: into; ˁlbwn: humiliation; ˁlb: press upon, oppressed
llbn ללבן
l-: to; lbn: white
and white.
Lord
rb: lord, master, noble
rby רבי
rby: rabbi
Rabbi
Eliezer
ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
ˀlyˁzr אליעזר
ˀlyˁzr: Eliezer
Eliezer
says:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmr אומר
ˀmr: say
says:
[rather] explained [as]
byn: understand, explained
byn בין
byn: between
[rather] between
pretending & feigning
dglh: lie, falsity; dgl: tricks, pretend, feign; dglˀ: impostor
tklt תכלת
tklh: purple
purple
to be a [regular] citizen.
l-: into; qrt: city; br qrytˀ: city inhabitant; qrtn: townsman; qwrˀy: citizen
lkrty לכרתי
l-: to; krty: leek-green
and green.
And [that should be] learned & perfected
gmr: learn, perfect
wgwmrh וגומרה
gmr: complete
And [it should be] completed
before
ˁd: until
ˁd עד
ˁd: until
before
[one] rises up
hnṣ: rising, sun rising
hnṣ הנץ
hnṣ: rising, sun rising
there is rising
to show [oneself] to be seen.
ḥmh: show, be seen, appear
hḥmh החמה
ḥmh: heat
heat [from the sun].
Lord
rb: lord, master, noble
rby רבי
rby: rabbi
Rabbi
Rulers need a stitched-together story for cover-up.
Berakhot 1:2.b
Encrypted: Joshua says: [And] before, [one has] to stitch together a fairytale [cover] story. For such is the manner [with] men who are rulers: they [can be] set up [only] with stitching together a fairytale [cover] story. [Though] covering it up from there after, [one] does not lose [much], as one [can always] cover things up with appearances.
Official: Joshua says: Before three o’clock, for such is the manner of men who are kings: they stand up at three o’clock. Reciting [the Shema] from there after, [one] does not lose [anything], [just] as [when] one recites with the Torah.
Joshua
yhwšˁ: Joshua
yhwšˁ יהושע
yhwšˁ: Joshua
Joshua
says:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmr אומר
ˀmr: say
says:
[And] before,
ˁd: until
ˁd עד
ˁd: until
Before
[one has] to stitch together
šlšl: chain together; šll: stitch together, decorate
šlš שלש
šlš: three
three
a fairytale [cover] story.
šwˁytˀ: tale, fairy tale, story; šˁy: play, cover, tell story
šˁwt שעות
šˁwt: time; šˁh: time
o’clock,
For such
š-: which; kn: thus
škn שכן
š-: which; kn: thus
for such
is the manner
drk: manner, conduct
drk דרך
drk: manner, conduct
is the manner
[with] men who are
bn: men
bny בני
bn: men
of men who are
rulers:
mlk: ruler
mlkym מלכים
mlk: king
kings:
they [can be] set up
l-: in; ˁmd: set up, appoint, establish
lˁmd לעמד
l-: to; ˁmd: stand up
they stand up
[only] with stitching together
b-: with; šlšl: chain together; šll: stitch together, decorate
bšlš בשלש
b-: in; šlš: three
at three
a fairytale [cover] story.
šwˁytˀ: tale, fairy tale, story; šˁy: play, cover, tell story
šˁwt שעות
šˁwt: time; šˁh: time
o’clock.
[Though] covering it up
qry: cover
hqwrˀ הקורא
qry: recite
Reciting [the Shema]
from there
m-: from; kˀn: here
mkˀn מכאן
m-: from; kˀn: here
from there
after,
ˀylk: afterward
wˀylk ואילך
ˀylk: afterward
after,
[one] does not
lˀ: not
lˀ לא
lˀ: not
[one] does not
lose [much],
psd: lose, forfeit, damage
hpsyd הפסיד
psd: lose, forfeit, damage
lose [anything],
as one
k-: like, as; ˀdm: man
kˀdm כאדם
k-: like, as; ˀdm: man
[just] as [when] one
[can always] cover things up
qry: cover
hqwrˀ הקורא
qry: recite
recites
with appearances.
b-: with; twr: spy, espy, appearance
btwrh בתורה
b-: with; twrh: torah
with the Torah.
With a polished disguise, you are established as your veil.
Berakhot 1:3.a
Encrypted: The school of Shammai say: With the crowds & multitudes, all [proper] disguises [should] be proud & polished [?] [when] covering [things] up, and distinguish [one] [to] stand out, [as it] says (Deuteronomy 6:7): “as you veil yourself, so are you established”.
Official: The school of Shammai say: In the evening all men [should] turn aside [when] reciting [the Shema], and in the morning they should stand, [as it] says (Deuteronomy 6:7): “and when you lay down, and when you stand up”.
The school of
byt: house, school
byt בית
byt: house, school
The school of
Shammai
šmˁ: fame, known; šm: reputation
šmˀy שמאי
šmˀy: Shammai
Shammai
say:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmrym אומרים
ˀmr: say
say:
With the crowds & multitudes,
b-: with; ˁrbwb: multitude; ˁrbwbyˀ: crowd; rbˀ: multitude; rb: multitude, majority
bˁrb בערב
b-: in; ˁrb: evening
In the evening
all
kl: all
kl כל
kl: all
all
[proper] disguises
dmy: disguise, imitate
ˀdm אדם
ˀdm: man
men
[should] be proud & polished [?]
ḥṭh: look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman
yṭw יטו
hṭh: incline, bend
[should] turn aside
[when] covering [things] up,
qry: cover
wyqrˀw ויקראו
qry: recite
[when] reciting [the Shema],
and distinguish [one]
b-: with; bqr: distinguish, differentiate, split
wbbqr ובבקר
b-: in; bqr: morning
and in the morning
[to] stand out,
ˁmd: stand
yˁmdw יעמדו
ˁmd: stand
they should stand,
[as it] says
ˀmr: say
šnˀmr שנאמר
ˀmr: say
[as it] says
(Deuteronomy
dbr: word
dbrym (דברים
dbr: word
(Deuteronomy
6:7):
w: 6
w ו)
w: 6
6:7):
“as you veil yourself,
b-: as; šgb: cover, veil, hidden; -k: you
wbškbk ובשכבך
b-: as; škb: lay down; -k: you
“and when you lay down,
so are you established”.
b-: as; qwm: established, identified; -k: you
wbqwmk ובקומך
b-: as; qwm: stand; -k: you
and when you stand up”.
All disguises can cover things up in their own manner.
Berakhot 1:3.b
Encrypted: The school of Hillel say [instead]: All disguises [may] cover [things] up in their own manner, [as it] says (also there): “as [en]acted by you [?] in your [own] way.” If [that is] so, [then] why was it said “as you veil yourself, so are you established”? [It is] by enacting a story that those of disguise [can] hide themselves, but [also] by enacting a story that those of disguise [can] establish themselves.
Official: The school of Hillel say [instead]: All men [may] recite [the Shema] in their own manner, [as it] says (also there): “and when you walk on your way.” If [that is] so, [then] why was it said “and when you lie down, and when you stand up”? [It is] in the hour when the sons of man lay down, and in the hour when the sons of man stand up.
The school of
byt: house, school
wbyt ובית
byt: house, school
The school of
Hillel
hll: deride, fool, foolish
hll הלל
hll: Hillel
Hillel
say [instead]:
ˀmr: say
ˀwmrym אומרים
ˀmr: say
say [instead]:
All
kl: all
kl כל
kl: all
All
disguises
dmy: disguise, imitate
ˀdm אדם
ˀdm: man
men
[may] cover [things] up
qry: cover
qwrˀ קורא
qry: recite
[may] recite [the Shema]
in their own manner,
k-: according; drk: way, manner
kdrkw כדרכו
k-: according; drk: way, manner
in their own manner,
[as it] says
ˀmr: say
šnˀmr שנאמר
ˀmr: say
[as it] says
(also there):
šm: there
šm (שם)
šm: there
(also there):
“as [en]acted by you [?]
b-: in; hlk: go, walk, proceed, act; -k: you
wblktk ובלכתך
b-: in; hlk: go, walk, proceed, act; -k: you
“and when you walk
in your [own] way.”
b-: in; drk: way, manner; -k: your
bdrk בדרך
b-: in; drk: way, manner; -k: your
on your way.”
If
ˀm: if
ˀm אם
ˀm: if
If
[that is] so,
kn: so
kn כן
kn: so
[that is] so,
[then] why
l-: to; mh: what
lmh למה
l-: to; mh: what
[then] why
was it said
ˀmr: say
nˀmr נאמר
ˀmr: say
was it said
“as you veil yourself,
b-: as; šgb: cover, veil, hidden; -k: you
wbškbk ובשכבך
b-: as; škb: lay down
“and when you lie down,
so are you established”?
b-: as; qwm: established, identified; -k: you
wbqwmk ובקומך
b-: as; qwm: stand
and when you stand up”?
[It is] by enacting a story
b-: with; šˁy: play, cover over, tell false story
bšˁh בשעה
b-: in; šˁh: hour, moment
[It is] in the hour
that those of
š-: which; bny: of
šbny שבני
š-: which; bny: of
when the sons of
disguise
dmy: disguise, imitate
ˀdm אדם
ˀdm: man
man
[can] hide themselves,
šgb: cover, veil, hidden
šwkbym שוכבים
škb: lay down
lay down,
but [also] by enacting a story
b-: with; šˁy: play, cover over, tell false story
wbšˁh ובשעה
b-: in; šˁh: hour; šˁˀ: hour
and in the hour
that those of
š-: which; bny: of
šbny שבני
š-: which; bny: of
when the sons of
disguise
dmy: disguise, imitate
ˀdm אדם
ˀdm: man
man
[can] establish themselves.
ˁmd: establish, presented
ˁwmdym עומדים
ˁmd: stand
stand up.
Too polished a disguise can cause trouble.
Berakhot 1:3.c
Encrypted: Said lord Tarfon: I happened to proceed in this way [?] and [made it] proud & polished [?] to cover [things] up according to the [stricter?] words of the school of Shammai, but [then that caused] danger with violence [even] towards the veiled [form?]. They said to him: It accordingly came to happen through the fault of your [too] powerful / [choice of] veil [?], which transgressed against the [more tolerant?] words of the school of Hillel.
Official: Said rabbi Tarfon: I happened to come along the way, and turned aside [of the road??] to recite according to the [stricter?] words of the school of Shammai, but [then that caused] danger with violence because of robbers [on the wayside??]. They said to him: It accordingly came to happen through the fault of your [???] violence [?], which transgressed against the [more tolerant?] words of the school of Hillel.
Said
ˀmr: say
ˀmr אמר
ˀmr: say
Said
lord
rb: lord, master, noble
rby רבי
rby: rabbi
rabbi
Tarfon:
ṭrpwn: Tarfon
ṭrpwn טרפון
ṭrpwn: Tarfon
Tarfon:
I
ˀny: I
ˀny אני
ˀny: I
I
happened to
hyh: happen
hyyty הייתי
hyh: happen
happened to
proceed
bˀ: come
bˀ בא
bˀ: come
come
in this way [?]
b-: in; drk: way, manner
bdrk בדרך
b-: in; drk: way, manner
along the way,
and [made it] proud & polished [?]
ḥṭh: look well, proud, polish, imperious, like a nobleman
whṭty והטתי
hṭh: incline, bend
and turned aside [of the road??]
to cover [things] up
l-: to; qry: cover
lqrwt לקרות
l-: to; qry: recite
to recite
according to the [stricter?] words
k-: according; dbr: word
kdbry כדברי
k-: according; dbr: word
according to the [stricter?] words
of the school of
byt: house, school
byt בית
byt: house, school
of the school of
Shammai,
šmˁ: fame, known; šm: reputation
šmˀy שמאי
šmˀy: Shammai
Shammai,
but [then that caused] danger
skn: danger, endanger, exposed to danger
wsknty וסכנתי
skn: danger, endanger, exposed to danger
but [then that caused] danger
with violence
b-: with; ˁṣm: force; ˁṣym: violent
bˁṣmy בעצמי
b-: with; ˁṣm: force; ˁṣym: violent
with violence
[even] towards
mpny: from presence of; m-: of; pnh: toward
mpny מפני
mpny: because
because of
the veiled [form?].
lswṭ: mesh, veil; lswṭh: web
hlsṭym הלסטים
lsṭ: robber, thief
robbers [on the wayside??].
They said
ˀmr: say
ˀmrw אמרו
ˀmr: say
They said
to him:
lw: to him
lw לו
lw: to him
to him:
It accordingly
kdy: according
kdy כדי
kdy: according
It accordingly
came to happen
hyh: come to pass
hyyt היית
hyh: come to pass
came to happen
through the fault
l-: to; ḥwb: guilt
lḥwb לחוב
l-: to; ḥwb: guilt
through the fault
of your [too] powerful / [choice of] veil [?],
b-: with; ˁṣm: strong, powerful, wealth; ṣmh: veil; -k: your
bˁṣmk בעצמך
b-: with; ˁṣm: force; ˁṣym: violent; -k: your
of your [???] violence [?],
which transgressed
š-: which; ˁbr: transgress
šˁbrt שעברת
š-: which; ˁbr: transgress
which transgressed
against
ˁl: against
ˁl על
ˁl: against
against
the [more tolerant?] words
dbr: word
dbry דברי
dbr: word
the [more tolerant?] words
of the school of
byt: house, school
byt בית
byt: house, school
of the school of
Hillel.
hll: deride, fool, foolish
hll הלל
hll: Hillel
Hillel.
There is simple lying, and elaborate mockery with actual follow-up.
Berakhot 1:4.a
Encrypted: With [simple] fraudulent lying, as for veiling yourself, you [do & talk] nonsense & mockery in public, and [just do] another thing afterwards. But with the crowds & multitudes, you [do & talk] nonsense & mockery in public, but then [must also create] nonsense & mockery afterwards. [That last] one [obviously] takes longer, the other [former one] is shorter.
Official: In the morning, as for blessings, [one has to say] two before, and one afterwards. In the evening, [one says] two before, and two afterwards. One long, one short.
With [simple] fraudulent lying,
b-: with; šḥr: mock, joke; šqr: fraud, lying, falsehood, cheat
bšḥr בשחר
b-: in; šḥr: morning
In the morning,
as for veiling yourself,
m-: of; brq: blockade, veil
mbrk מברך
m-: of; brk: bless
as for blessings,
you [do & talk] nonsense & mockery
ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense; šṭh: mock, fool; -m: them
štym שתים
štym: two
[one has to say] two
in public,
l-: to; pny: face, front
lpnyh לפניה
l-: to; pny: before
before,
and [just do] another thing
ˀḥt: other, another
wˀḥt ואחת
ˀḥt: one
and one
afterwards.
l-: to; ˀḥr: behind, afterward
lˀḥryh לאחריה
l-: to; ˀḥr: behind, afterward
afterwards.
But with the crowds & multitudes,
b-: with; ˁrbwb: multitude; ˁrbwbyˀ: crowd; rbˀ: multitude; rb: multitude, majority
wbˁrb ובערב
b-: in; ˁrb: evening
In the evening,
you [do & talk] nonsense & mockery
ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense
štym שתים
štym: two
[one says] two
in public,
l-: to; pny: face, front
lpnyh לפניה
l-: to; pny: before
before,
but then [must also create] nonsense & mockery
ˀštwmˀ: confusion, nonsense; šṭh: mock, fool; -m: them
wštym ושתים
štym: two
and two
afterwards.
l-: to; ˀḥr: behind, afterward
lˀḥryh לאחריה
l-: to; ˀḥr: behind, afterward
afterwards.
[That last] one
ˀḥt: one
ˀḥt אחת
ˀḥt: one
One
[obviously] takes longer,
ˀrk: long
ˀrkh ארכה
ˀrk: long
long,
the other [former one]
ˀḥt: one, other, another
wˀḥt ואחת
ˀḥt: one, other, another
one
is shorter.
qṣr: short
qṣrh קצרה
qṣr: short
short.
Do not use a simple lie where a lengthy process is needed.
Berakhot 1:4.b
Encrypted: In those places where it is said to [use] the lengthy [process], it is not permitted to [use] the short one. [Where it is] the short one, it is not permitted to [use] the lengthy one. [When you need] to confirm & impress, it is not permitted not to confirm & impress. [When you should] not confirm & impress, it is not permitted to confirm & impress.
Official: In those places where it is said to [say] a long one, it is not permitted to [say] a short one. [Where it is] the short one, it is not permitted to [say] a long one. [When prayers are] to be finished, it is not permitted not to finish. [When prayers should] not [yet] be finished, it is not permitted to finish.
In those places
mqwm: place
mqwm מקום
mqwm: place
In those places
where it is said
š-: which; ˀmr: say
šˀmrw שאמרו
š-: which; ˀmr: say
where it is said
to [use] the lengthy [process],
l-: to; ˀrk: long, lengthen
lhˀryk להאריך
l-: to; ˀrk: long, lengthen
to [say] a long one,
it is not
ˀyn: no, not
ˀynw אינו
ˀyn: no, not
it is not
permitted
ršˀy: permitted
ršˀy רשאי
ršˀy: permitted
permitted
to [use] the short one.
l-: to; qṣr: short, shorten
lqṣr לקצר
l-: to; qṣr: short, shorten
to [say] a short one.
[Where it is] the short one,
l-: to; qṣr: short, shorten
lqṣr לקצר
l-: to; qṣr: short, shorten
[Where it is] the short one,
it is not
ˀyn: no, not
ˀynw אינו
ˀyn: no, not
it is not
permitted
ršˀy: permitted
ršˀy רשאי
ršˀy: permitted
permitted
to [use] the lengthy one.
l-: to; ˀrk: long, lengthen
lhˀryk להאריך
l-: to; ˀrk: long, lengthen
to [say] a long one.
[When you need] to confirm & impress,
l-: to; ḥtm: seal, confirm; ḥwtm: impression
lḥtm לחתם
l-: to; ḥtm: finish, close up
[When prayers are] to be finished,
it is not
ˀyn: no, not
ˀynw אינו
ˀyn: no, not
it is not
permitted
ršˀy: permitted
ršˀy רשאי
ršˀy: permitted
permitted
not
š-: which; lˀ: not
šlˀ שלא
š-: which; lˀ: not
not
to confirm & impress.
l-: to; ḥtm: seal, confirm; ḥwtm: impression
lḥtm לחתם
l-: to; ḥtm: finish, close up
to finish.
[When you should] not
š-: which; lˀ: not
wšlˀ ושלא
š-: which; lˀ: not
[When prayers should] not [yet]
confirm & impress,
l-: to; ḥtm: seal, confirm; ḥwtm: impression
lḥtm לחתם
l-: to; ḥtm: finish, close up
be finished,
it is not
ˀyn: no, not
ˀynw אינו
ˀyn: no, not
it is not
permitted
ršˀy: permitted
ršˀy רשאי
ršˀy: permitted
permitted
to confirm & impress.
l-: to; ḥtm: seal, confirm; ḥwtm: impression
lḥtm לחתם
l-: to; ḥtm: finish, close up
to finish.